See 刚强 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "官話形容詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "官話詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "客家語形容詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "客家語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "帶「刚」的漢語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "帶「强」的漢語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有國際音標的漢語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "泉漳話形容詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "泉漳話詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "漢語形容詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "漢語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "粵語形容詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "粵語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"lang": "漢語",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "unknown",
"pos_title": "釋義",
"senses": [
{
"id": "zh-刚强-zh-unknown-47DEQpj8",
"tags": [
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "gāngqiáng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄍㄤ ㄑㄧㄤˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "gong¹ koeng⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "kông-khiòng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "kong-kiông"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "kong-kiâng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "kang-kiông"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "gāngqiáng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄍㄤ ㄑㄧㄤˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "gangciáng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Wade–Giles"
],
"zh_pron": "kang¹-chʻiang²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "gāng-chyáng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
],
"zh_pron": "gangchyang"
},
{
"roman": "gancjan",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Cyrillic"
],
"zh_pron": "ганцян"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑŋ³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "gong¹ koeng⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong Kong",
"Yale",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "gōng kèuhng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong Kong",
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "gong¹ koeng⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong Kong",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh_pron": "gong¹ kêng⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔːŋ⁵⁵ kʰœːŋ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong Kong",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "kông-khiòng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh_pron": "gong^ˊ kiong^ˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Hagfa-Pinyim"
],
"zh_pron": "gong¹ kiong²"
},
{
"ipa": "/koŋ²⁴ kʰi̯oŋ¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"general",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "kong-kiông"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"general",
"Tâi-lô"
],
"zh_pron": "kong-kiông"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"general",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh_pron": "kongkioong"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔŋ³³ ki̯ɔŋ²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"general",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ ki̯ɔŋ²³/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"general",
"IPA",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ ki̯ɔŋ²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"general",
"IPA",
"Taibei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ki̯ɔŋ²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"general",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "kong-kiâng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou",
"Tâi-lô"
],
"zh_pron": "kong-kiâng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh_pron": "kongkiaang"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ki̯aŋ¹³/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "kang-kiông"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Tâi-lô"
],
"zh_pron": "kang-kiông"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh_pron": "kangkioong"
},
{
"ipa": "/kaŋ³³ ki̯ɔŋ²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ki̯ɔŋ²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"IPA"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"lang": "俄语",
"lang_code": "ru",
"word": "твёрдый"
},
{
"lang": "俄语",
"lang_code": "ru",
"word": "жестокий"
},
{
"lang": "俄语",
"lang_code": "ru",
"word": "непреклонный"
},
{
"lang": "俄语",
"lang_code": "ru",
"word": "железный"
},
{
"lang": "俄语",
"lang_code": "ru",
"word": "характер"
}
],
"word": "刚强"
}
{
"categories": [
"官話形容詞",
"官話詞元",
"客家語形容詞",
"客家語詞元",
"帶「刚」的漢語詞",
"帶「强」的漢語詞",
"有國際音標的漢語詞",
"泉漳話形容詞",
"泉漳話詞元",
"漢語形容詞",
"漢語詞元",
"粵語形容詞",
"粵語詞元"
],
"lang": "漢語",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "unknown",
"pos_title": "釋義",
"senses": [
{
"tags": [
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "gāngqiáng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄍㄤ ㄑㄧㄤˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "gong¹ koeng⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "kông-khiòng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "kong-kiông"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "kong-kiâng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "kang-kiông"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "gāngqiáng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄍㄤ ㄑㄧㄤˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "gangciáng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Wade–Giles"
],
"zh_pron": "kang¹-chʻiang²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "gāng-chyáng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
],
"zh_pron": "gangchyang"
},
{
"roman": "gancjan",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Cyrillic"
],
"zh_pron": "ганцян"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑŋ³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "gong¹ koeng⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong Kong",
"Yale",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "gōng kèuhng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong Kong",
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "gong¹ koeng⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong Kong",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh_pron": "gong¹ kêng⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔːŋ⁵⁵ kʰœːŋ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong Kong",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "kông-khiòng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh_pron": "gong^ˊ kiong^ˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Hagfa-Pinyim"
],
"zh_pron": "gong¹ kiong²"
},
{
"ipa": "/koŋ²⁴ kʰi̯oŋ¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"general",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "kong-kiông"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"general",
"Tâi-lô"
],
"zh_pron": "kong-kiông"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"general",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh_pron": "kongkioong"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔŋ³³ ki̯ɔŋ²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"general",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ ki̯ɔŋ²³/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"general",
"IPA",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ ki̯ɔŋ²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"general",
"IPA",
"Taibei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ki̯ɔŋ²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"general",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "kong-kiâng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou",
"Tâi-lô"
],
"zh_pron": "kong-kiâng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh_pron": "kongkiaang"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ki̯aŋ¹³/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "kang-kiông"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Tâi-lô"
],
"zh_pron": "kang-kiông"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh_pron": "kangkioong"
},
{
"ipa": "/kaŋ³³ ki̯ɔŋ²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ki̯ɔŋ²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"IPA"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"lang": "俄语",
"lang_code": "ru",
"word": "твёрдый"
},
{
"lang": "俄语",
"lang_code": "ru",
"word": "жестокий"
},
{
"lang": "俄语",
"lang_code": "ru",
"word": "непреклонный"
},
{
"lang": "俄语",
"lang_code": "ru",
"word": "железный"
},
{
"lang": "俄语",
"lang_code": "ru",
"word": "характер"
}
],
"word": "刚强"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 刚强 meaning in 漢語 (4.7kB)
{
"called_from": "extractor/zh/page/parse_section/192",
"msg": "Unhandled subtitle: 寫法",
"path": [
"刚强"
],
"section": "漢語",
"subsection": "寫法",
"title": "刚强",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable 漢語 dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-08-17 from the zhwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-01 using wiktextract (0c45963 and 3c020d2). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.