See play in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Angielski (indeks)",
"orig": "angielski (indeks)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_texts": [
"średnioang. playen, ze st.ang. plegian"
],
"lang": "język angielski",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"pos_text": "czasownik",
"proverbs": [
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "play a joke"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "play on words"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "play with fire"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "play fair"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "play into the hands of sb"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.2",
"word": "plug and play"
}
],
"related": [
{
"sense_index": "1.2",
"word": "play on an accordion"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.2",
"word": "flute etc."
},
{
"sense_index": "1.4",
"word": "play on sb’s feelings"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.4",
"word": "emotions"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "player"
},
{
"word": "playmate"
},
{
"word": "playfellow"
},
{
"word": "playboy"
},
{
"word": "playback"
},
{
"word": "playground"
},
{
"word": "playgroup"
},
{
"word": "playing-card"
},
{
"word": "playhouse"
},
{
"word": "playwright"
},
{
"word": "replay"
},
{
"word": "playfulness"
},
{
"word": "play-off"
},
{
"word": "playability"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "playful"
},
{
"word": "unplayable"
},
{
"word": "playable"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"czas."
],
"word": "replay"
},
{
"word": "play about"
},
{
"word": "play along with"
},
{
"word": "play around"
},
{
"word": "play at"
},
{
"word": "play back"
},
{
"word": "play down"
},
{
"word": "play on"
},
{
"word": "play off"
},
{
"word": "play out"
},
{
"word": "play up"
},
{
"word": "outplay"
},
{
"tags": [
"adverb"
],
"word": "playfully"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "After breakfast, the children usually play in the garden.",
"translation": "Po śniadaniu dzieci zwykle bawią się w ogrodzie."
}
],
"glosses": [
"bawić się, figlować, grać"
],
"id": "pl-play-en-verb-hjDa0qXM",
"sense_index": "1.1"
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Today a jazz band is playing in this club.",
"translation": "Dziś w tym klubie zagra zespół jazzowy."
}
],
"glosses": [
"grać na instrumencie muzycznym"
],
"id": "pl-play-en-verb-IwW39fir",
"sense_index": "1.2"
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "The moonlight played across the water.",
"translation": "Światło księżyca migotało na wodzie."
}
],
"glosses": [
"migotać, mienić się, połyskiwać"
],
"id": "pl-play-en-verb-ol~G-QGl",
"sense_index": "1.3"
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Don’t try to play on my feelings of guilt.",
"translation": "Nie próbuj grać na moim poczuciu winy."
}
],
"glosses": [
"grać na uczuciach, emocjach itp."
],
"id": "pl-play-en-verb-pj4W15Ft",
"sense_index": "1.4"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "pleɪ"
},
{
"ipa": "pleI",
"tags": [
"SAMPA"
]
},
{
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],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense_index": "1.2",
"word": "perform"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.2",
"word": "accompany"
}
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"word": "play"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"sense_index": "2.5",
"word": "record"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Angielski (indeks)",
"orig": "angielski (indeks)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_texts": [
"średnioang. playen, ze st.ang. plegian"
],
"lang": "język angielski",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"pos_text": "czasownik",
"proverbs": [
{
"sense_index": "2.1",
"word": "play the man"
},
{
"sense_index": "2.2",
"word": "play the game"
}
],
"related": [
{
"sense_index": "2.2",
"word": "play checkers"
},
{
"sense_index": "2.2",
"word": "football"
},
{
"sense_index": "2.2",
"word": "hockey"
},
{
"sense_index": "2.2",
"word": "cards"
},
{
"sense_index": "2.2",
"word": "chess etc."
},
{
"sense_index": "2.3",
"word": "play the violin"
},
{
"sense_index": "2.3",
"word": "piano etc."
},
{
"sense_index": "2.4",
"word": "play guns on sth"
},
{
"sense_index": "2.4",
"word": "play water on the fire"
},
{
"sense_index": "2.4",
"word": "play a torch-light on sth"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "player"
},
{
"word": "playmate"
},
{
"word": "playfellow"
},
{
"word": "playboy"
},
{
"word": "playback"
},
{
"word": "playground"
},
{
"word": "playgroup"
},
{
"word": "playing-card"
},
{
"word": "playhouse"
},
{
"word": "playwright"
},
{
"word": "replay"
},
{
"word": "playfulness"
},
{
"word": "play-off"
},
{
"word": "playability"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "playful"
},
{
"word": "unplayable"
},
{
"word": "playable"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"czas."
],
"word": "replay"
},
{
"word": "play about"
},
{
"word": "play along with"
},
{
"word": "play around"
},
{
"word": "play at"
},
{
"word": "play back"
},
{
"word": "play down"
},
{
"word": "play on"
},
{
"word": "play off"
},
{
"word": "play out"
},
{
"word": "play up"
},
{
"word": "outplay"
},
{
"tags": [
"adverb"
],
"word": "playfully"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "What is the name of the actor who played Batman?",
"translation": "Jak się nazywa aktor, który grał Batmana?"
}
],
"glosses": [
"grać rolę w sztuce teatralnej, filmie itp.; udawać kogoś"
],
"id": "pl-play-en-verb-FrbHMnDP",
"sense_index": "2.1"
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "I used to play tennis when I was young.",
"translation": "Kiedy byłem młody, grywałem w tenisa."
}
],
"glosses": [
"grać w grę, w piłkę itp."
],
"id": "pl-play-en-verb-H5wlVSJ5",
"sense_index": "2.2"
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "In our band, Mark plays the guitar.",
"translation": "W naszym zespole Marek gra na gitarze."
}
],
"glosses": [
"grać na instrumencie muzycznym"
],
"id": "pl-play-en-verb-IwW39fir1",
"sense_index": "2.3"
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Firemen played water on the fire.",
"translation": "Strażacy skierowali wodę na ogień."
}
],
"glosses": [
"nakierować strumień wody, snop światła, ogień dział itp."
],
"id": "pl-play-en-verb-Dp4L9fNU",
"sense_index": "2.4"
},
{
"glosses": [
"odtwarzać nagranie"
],
"id": "pl-play-en-verb-hR2I1jLu",
"sense_index": "2.5"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "pleɪ"
},
{
"ipa": "pleI",
"tags": [
"SAMPA"
]
},
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],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense_index": "2.1",
"word": "act"
},
{
"sense_index": "2.1",
"word": "perform"
},
{
"sense_index": "2.1",
"word": "pretend"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"word": "play"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Angielski (indeks)",
"orig": "angielski (indeks)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_texts": [
"średnioang. playen, ze st.ang. plegian"
],
"lang": "język angielski",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_text": "rzeczownik",
"proverbs": [
{
"sense_index": "3.1",
"word": "fair play"
},
{
"sense_index": "3.1",
"word": "foul play"
},
{
"sense_index": "3.1",
"word": "play of fancy"
},
{
"sense_index": "3.2",
"word": "mystery play"
},
{
"sense_index": "3.2",
"word": "nativity play"
},
{
"sense_index": "3.2",
"word": "passion play"
},
{
"sense_index": "3.2",
"word": "role play"
}
],
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "player"
},
{
"word": "playmate"
},
{
"word": "playfellow"
},
{
"word": "playboy"
},
{
"word": "playback"
},
{
"word": "playground"
},
{
"word": "playgroup"
},
{
"word": "playing-card"
},
{
"word": "playhouse"
},
{
"word": "playwright"
},
{
"word": "replay"
},
{
"word": "playfulness"
},
{
"word": "play-off"
},
{
"word": "playability"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "playful"
},
{
"word": "unplayable"
},
{
"word": "playable"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"czas."
],
"word": "replay"
},
{
"word": "play about"
},
{
"word": "play along with"
},
{
"word": "play around"
},
{
"word": "play at"
},
{
"word": "play back"
},
{
"word": "play down"
},
{
"word": "play on"
},
{
"word": "play off"
},
{
"word": "play out"
},
{
"word": "play up"
},
{
"word": "outplay"
},
{
"tags": [
"adverb"
],
"word": "playfully"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "I like to watch the children at play.",
"translation": "Lubię obserwować dzieci podczas zabawy."
}
],
"glosses": [
"gra, zabawa"
],
"id": "pl-play-en-noun-tYDKnu38",
"sense_index": "3.1"
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "”Romeo and Juliet” is a famous play by William Shakespeare.",
"translation": "Romeo i Julia” to słynna sztuka (teatralna) Williama Szekspira."
}
],
"glosses": [
"sztuka teatralna, przedstawienie"
],
"id": "pl-play-en-noun-mNQ9YjT-",
"sense_index": "3.2"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "pleɪ"
},
{
"ipa": "pleI",
"tags": [
"SAMPA"
]
},
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],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense_index": "3.1",
"word": "game"
},
{
"sense_index": "3.2",
"word": "drama"
},
{
"sense_index": "3.2",
"word": "piece"
},
{
"sense_index": "3.2",
"word": "tragedy"
},
{
"sense_index": "3.2",
"word": "comedy"
}
],
"word": "play"
}
{
"categories": [
"angielski (indeks)"
],
"etymology_texts": [
"średnioang. playen, ze st.ang. plegian"
],
"lang": "język angielski",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"pos_text": "czasownik",
"proverbs": [
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "play a joke"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "play on words"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "play with fire"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "play fair"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "play into the hands of sb"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.2",
"word": "plug and play"
}
],
"related": [
{
"sense_index": "1.2",
"word": "play on an accordion"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.2",
"word": "flute etc."
},
{
"sense_index": "1.4",
"word": "play on sb’s feelings"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.4",
"word": "emotions"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "player"
},
{
"word": "playmate"
},
{
"word": "playfellow"
},
{
"word": "playboy"
},
{
"word": "playback"
},
{
"word": "playground"
},
{
"word": "playgroup"
},
{
"word": "playing-card"
},
{
"word": "playhouse"
},
{
"word": "playwright"
},
{
"word": "replay"
},
{
"word": "playfulness"
},
{
"word": "play-off"
},
{
"word": "playability"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "playful"
},
{
"word": "unplayable"
},
{
"word": "playable"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"czas."
],
"word": "replay"
},
{
"word": "play about"
},
{
"word": "play along with"
},
{
"word": "play around"
},
{
"word": "play at"
},
{
"word": "play back"
},
{
"word": "play down"
},
{
"word": "play on"
},
{
"word": "play off"
},
{
"word": "play out"
},
{
"word": "play up"
},
{
"word": "outplay"
},
{
"tags": [
"adverb"
],
"word": "playfully"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "After breakfast, the children usually play in the garden.",
"translation": "Po śniadaniu dzieci zwykle bawią się w ogrodzie."
}
],
"glosses": [
"bawić się, figlować, grać"
],
"sense_index": "1.1"
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Today a jazz band is playing in this club.",
"translation": "Dziś w tym klubie zagra zespół jazzowy."
}
],
"glosses": [
"grać na instrumencie muzycznym"
],
"sense_index": "1.2"
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "The moonlight played across the water.",
"translation": "Światło księżyca migotało na wodzie."
}
],
"glosses": [
"migotać, mienić się, połyskiwać"
],
"sense_index": "1.3"
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Don’t try to play on my feelings of guilt.",
"translation": "Nie próbuj grać na moim poczuciu winy."
}
],
"glosses": [
"grać na uczuciach, emocjach itp."
],
"sense_index": "1.4"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "pleɪ"
},
{
"ipa": "pleI",
"tags": [
"SAMPA"
]
},
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"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Nattes à chat-play.wav"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense_index": "1.2",
"word": "perform"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.2",
"word": "accompany"
}
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"word": "play"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"sense_index": "2.5",
"word": "record"
}
],
"categories": [
"angielski (indeks)"
],
"etymology_texts": [
"średnioang. playen, ze st.ang. plegian"
],
"lang": "język angielski",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"pos_text": "czasownik",
"proverbs": [
{
"sense_index": "2.1",
"word": "play the man"
},
{
"sense_index": "2.2",
"word": "play the game"
}
],
"related": [
{
"sense_index": "2.2",
"word": "play checkers"
},
{
"sense_index": "2.2",
"word": "football"
},
{
"sense_index": "2.2",
"word": "hockey"
},
{
"sense_index": "2.2",
"word": "cards"
},
{
"sense_index": "2.2",
"word": "chess etc."
},
{
"sense_index": "2.3",
"word": "play the violin"
},
{
"sense_index": "2.3",
"word": "piano etc."
},
{
"sense_index": "2.4",
"word": "play guns on sth"
},
{
"sense_index": "2.4",
"word": "play water on the fire"
},
{
"sense_index": "2.4",
"word": "play a torch-light on sth"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "player"
},
{
"word": "playmate"
},
{
"word": "playfellow"
},
{
"word": "playboy"
},
{
"word": "playback"
},
{
"word": "playground"
},
{
"word": "playgroup"
},
{
"word": "playing-card"
},
{
"word": "playhouse"
},
{
"word": "playwright"
},
{
"word": "replay"
},
{
"word": "playfulness"
},
{
"word": "play-off"
},
{
"word": "playability"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "playful"
},
{
"word": "unplayable"
},
{
"word": "playable"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"czas."
],
"word": "replay"
},
{
"word": "play about"
},
{
"word": "play along with"
},
{
"word": "play around"
},
{
"word": "play at"
},
{
"word": "play back"
},
{
"word": "play down"
},
{
"word": "play on"
},
{
"word": "play off"
},
{
"word": "play out"
},
{
"word": "play up"
},
{
"word": "outplay"
},
{
"tags": [
"adverb"
],
"word": "playfully"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "What is the name of the actor who played Batman?",
"translation": "Jak się nazywa aktor, który grał Batmana?"
}
],
"glosses": [
"grać rolę w sztuce teatralnej, filmie itp.; udawać kogoś"
],
"sense_index": "2.1"
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "I used to play tennis when I was young.",
"translation": "Kiedy byłem młody, grywałem w tenisa."
}
],
"glosses": [
"grać w grę, w piłkę itp."
],
"sense_index": "2.2"
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "In our band, Mark plays the guitar.",
"translation": "W naszym zespole Marek gra na gitarze."
}
],
"glosses": [
"grać na instrumencie muzycznym"
],
"sense_index": "2.3"
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Firemen played water on the fire.",
"translation": "Strażacy skierowali wodę na ogień."
}
],
"glosses": [
"nakierować strumień wody, snop światła, ogień dział itp."
],
"sense_index": "2.4"
},
{
"glosses": [
"odtwarzać nagranie"
],
"sense_index": "2.5"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "pleɪ"
},
{
"ipa": "pleI",
"tags": [
"SAMPA"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-play.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8e/En-us-play.ogg/En-us-play.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/En-us-play.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-play.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e2/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Back_ache-play.wav/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Back_ache-play.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e2/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Back_ache-play.wav/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Back_ache-play.wav.ogg",
"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-play.wav"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Nattes à chat-play.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/94/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Nattes_à_chat-play.wav/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Nattes_à_chat-play.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/94/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Nattes_à_chat-play.wav/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Nattes_à_chat-play.wav.ogg",
"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Nattes à chat-play.wav"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense_index": "2.1",
"word": "act"
},
{
"sense_index": "2.1",
"word": "perform"
},
{
"sense_index": "2.1",
"word": "pretend"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"word": "play"
}
{
"categories": [
"angielski (indeks)"
],
"etymology_texts": [
"średnioang. playen, ze st.ang. plegian"
],
"lang": "język angielski",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_text": "rzeczownik",
"proverbs": [
{
"sense_index": "3.1",
"word": "fair play"
},
{
"sense_index": "3.1",
"word": "foul play"
},
{
"sense_index": "3.1",
"word": "play of fancy"
},
{
"sense_index": "3.2",
"word": "mystery play"
},
{
"sense_index": "3.2",
"word": "nativity play"
},
{
"sense_index": "3.2",
"word": "passion play"
},
{
"sense_index": "3.2",
"word": "role play"
}
],
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "player"
},
{
"word": "playmate"
},
{
"word": "playfellow"
},
{
"word": "playboy"
},
{
"word": "playback"
},
{
"word": "playground"
},
{
"word": "playgroup"
},
{
"word": "playing-card"
},
{
"word": "playhouse"
},
{
"word": "playwright"
},
{
"word": "replay"
},
{
"word": "playfulness"
},
{
"word": "play-off"
},
{
"word": "playability"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "playful"
},
{
"word": "unplayable"
},
{
"word": "playable"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"czas."
],
"word": "replay"
},
{
"word": "play about"
},
{
"word": "play along with"
},
{
"word": "play around"
},
{
"word": "play at"
},
{
"word": "play back"
},
{
"word": "play down"
},
{
"word": "play on"
},
{
"word": "play off"
},
{
"word": "play out"
},
{
"word": "play up"
},
{
"word": "outplay"
},
{
"tags": [
"adverb"
],
"word": "playfully"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "I like to watch the children at play.",
"translation": "Lubię obserwować dzieci podczas zabawy."
}
],
"glosses": [
"gra, zabawa"
],
"sense_index": "3.1"
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "”Romeo and Juliet” is a famous play by William Shakespeare.",
"translation": "Romeo i Julia” to słynna sztuka (teatralna) Williama Szekspira."
}
],
"glosses": [
"sztuka teatralna, przedstawienie"
],
"sense_index": "3.2"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "pleɪ"
},
{
"ipa": "pleI",
"tags": [
"SAMPA"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-play.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8e/En-us-play.ogg/En-us-play.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/En-us-play.ogg"
},
{
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"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e2/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Back_ache-play.wav/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Back_ache-play.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e2/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Back_ache-play.wav/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Back_ache-play.wav.ogg",
"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-play.wav"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Nattes à chat-play.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/94/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Nattes_à_chat-play.wav/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Nattes_à_chat-play.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/94/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Nattes_à_chat-play.wav/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Nattes_à_chat-play.wav.ogg",
"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Nattes à chat-play.wav"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense_index": "3.1",
"word": "game"
},
{
"sense_index": "3.2",
"word": "drama"
},
{
"sense_index": "3.2",
"word": "piece"
},
{
"sense_index": "3.2",
"word": "tragedy"
},
{
"sense_index": "3.2",
"word": "comedy"
}
],
"word": "play"
}
Download raw JSONL data for play meaning in język angielski (10.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable język angielski dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the plwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-20 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.