"むだ" meaning in 日本語

See むだ in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: [mɯ̟ᵝda̠]
Forms: 無駄, , むだ, だろ [imperfective], だっ [continuative], [continuative], [continuative], [terminal], [attributive], なら [hypothetical], (無し) [imperative], むだだろう, 未然形 + う, むだだった [past, completive], 連用形 + た [past, completive], むだでない [negative], 連用形 + ない [negative], むだになる [intransitive], 連用形 + なる [intransitive], むだだ [definitive], 終止形のみ [definitive], むだなこと [noun-from-verb], 連体形 + こと [noun-from-verb], むだならば, 仮定形 + ば, むだそうだ, 語幹 + そうだ
  1. 役に立たない、効果の無い又は不要に贅沢な様子やもの。
    Sense id: ja-むだ-ja-noun-2LcC9-SJ
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: 不用, 無用 Related terms: 贅, 贅沢

Inflected forms

{
  "categories": [
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "日本語",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "日本語 国際音声記号あり",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "日本語 形容動詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "日本語 形容動詞 ダ活用",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "日本語_名詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "日本語_形容動詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_texts": [
    "「空(むな)し」と同源、「無駄」は当て字。"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "無駄"
    },
    {
      "form": "徒"
    },
    {
      "form": "むだ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "ダ活用",
        "語幹"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "だろ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "ダ活用"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "だっ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "ダ活用"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "continuative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "で",
      "raw_tags": [
        "ダ活用"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "continuative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "に",
      "raw_tags": [
        "ダ活用"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "continuative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "だ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "ダ活用"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "terminal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "な",
      "raw_tags": [
        "ダ活用"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "attributive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "なら",
      "raw_tags": [
        "ダ活用"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(無し)",
      "raw_tags": [
        "ダ活用"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "むだだろう",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "語形",
        "推量・意志"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "未然形 + う",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "結合",
        "推量・意志"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "むだだった",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "語形"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "completive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "連用形 + た",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "結合"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "completive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "むだでない",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "語形"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "連用形 + ない",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "結合"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "むだになる",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "語形"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "連用形 + なる",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "結合"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "むだだ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "語形"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "definitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "終止形のみ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "結合"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "definitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "むだなこと",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "語形"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "連体形 + こと",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "結合"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "むだならば",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "語形",
        "仮定条件"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "仮定形 + ば",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "結合",
        "仮定条件"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "むだそうだ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "語形",
        "様態"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "語幹 + そうだ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "結合",
        "様態"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "日本語",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "pos_title": "名詞",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "贅"
    },
    {
      "word": "贅沢"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              44,
              46
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "(森鴎外 『青年』)",
          "text": "切口状めいた詞が、血の色の極淡い脣から凛として出る。洗錬を極めた文章のような言語に一句の無駄がない。それを語尾一つ曖昧にせずに、はっきり言う。"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              76,
              78
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "(寺田寅彦 『歌の口調』)",
          "text": "口調がよくてもいい歌とは限らず、口調が悪くてもそのために却って妙味のある歌もあるかも知れないが、歌の音楽的要素を無視しない限り口調の研究は一般の歌人にも無駄な事ではないであろうと思う。"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              12,
              14
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "(三木清 『如何に読書すべきか』)",
          "text": "読書の時間を作るために、無駄に忙しくなっている生活を整理することができたならば、人生はそれだけ豊富になるであろう。"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              11,
              13
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "(岸田國士 『かんしやく玉』)",
          "text": "こんな時、何を話しても無駄だ。帰らう。"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "役に立たない、効果の無い又は不要に贅沢な様子やもの。"
      ],
      "id": "ja-むだ-ja-noun-2LcC9-SJ"
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "form": "むだ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "東京式"
      ],
      "roman": "[mùdá]",
      "tags": [
        "Heiban"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[mɯ̟ᵝda̠]"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "不用"
    },
    {
      "word": "無用"
    }
  ],
  "word": "むだ"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "日本語",
    "日本語 国際音声記号あり",
    "日本語 形容動詞",
    "日本語 形容動詞 ダ活用",
    "日本語_名詞",
    "日本語_形容動詞"
  ],
  "etymology_texts": [
    "「空(むな)し」と同源、「無駄」は当て字。"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "無駄"
    },
    {
      "form": "徒"
    },
    {
      "form": "むだ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "ダ活用",
        "語幹"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "だろ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "ダ活用"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "だっ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "ダ活用"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "continuative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "で",
      "raw_tags": [
        "ダ活用"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "continuative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "に",
      "raw_tags": [
        "ダ活用"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "continuative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "だ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "ダ活用"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "terminal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "な",
      "raw_tags": [
        "ダ活用"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "attributive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "なら",
      "raw_tags": [
        "ダ活用"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(無し)",
      "raw_tags": [
        "ダ活用"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "むだだろう",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "語形",
        "推量・意志"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "未然形 + う",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "結合",
        "推量・意志"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "むだだった",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "語形"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "completive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "連用形 + た",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "結合"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "completive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "むだでない",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "語形"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "連用形 + ない",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "結合"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "むだになる",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "語形"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "連用形 + なる",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "結合"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "むだだ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "語形"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "definitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "終止形のみ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "結合"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "definitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "むだなこと",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "語形"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "連体形 + こと",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "結合"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "むだならば",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "語形",
        "仮定条件"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "仮定形 + ば",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "結合",
        "仮定条件"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "むだそうだ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "語形",
        "様態"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "語幹 + そうだ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "結合",
        "様態"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "日本語",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "pos_title": "名詞",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "贅"
    },
    {
      "word": "贅沢"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              44,
              46
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "(森鴎外 『青年』)",
          "text": "切口状めいた詞が、血の色の極淡い脣から凛として出る。洗錬を極めた文章のような言語に一句の無駄がない。それを語尾一つ曖昧にせずに、はっきり言う。"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              76,
              78
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "(寺田寅彦 『歌の口調』)",
          "text": "口調がよくてもいい歌とは限らず、口調が悪くてもそのために却って妙味のある歌もあるかも知れないが、歌の音楽的要素を無視しない限り口調の研究は一般の歌人にも無駄な事ではないであろうと思う。"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              12,
              14
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "(三木清 『如何に読書すべきか』)",
          "text": "読書の時間を作るために、無駄に忙しくなっている生活を整理することができたならば、人生はそれだけ豊富になるであろう。"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              11,
              13
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "(岸田國士 『かんしやく玉』)",
          "text": "こんな時、何を話しても無駄だ。帰らう。"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "役に立たない、効果の無い又は不要に贅沢な様子やもの。"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "form": "むだ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "東京式"
      ],
      "roman": "[mùdá]",
      "tags": [
        "Heiban"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[mɯ̟ᵝda̠]"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "不用"
    },
    {
      "word": "無用"
    }
  ],
  "word": "むだ"
}

Download raw JSONL data for むだ meaning in 日本語 (4.2kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable 日本語 dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-07-19 from the jawiktionary dump dated 2025-07-02 using wiktextract (45c4a21 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.