See とう in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "日本語",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "日本語 動詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "日本語 動詞 ワ五",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"ruby": [
[
"問",
"と"
]
],
"word": "問い"
},
{
"word": "問い質す"
},
{
"word": "問い掛ける"
},
{
"word": "問い合わせ"
},
{
"word": "問わず語り"
}
],
"etymology_texts": [
"形容詞疾（と）しの連用形「とく」から。"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "と",
"raw_tags": [
"ワ行五段活用",
"語幹"
]
},
{
"form": "わ",
"raw_tags": [
"ワ行五段活用"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "お",
"raw_tags": [
"ワ行五段活用"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "い",
"raw_tags": [
"ワ行五段活用"
],
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "っ",
"raw_tags": [
"ワ行五段活用"
],
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "う",
"raw_tags": [
"ワ行五段活用"
],
"tags": [
"terminal"
]
},
{
"form": "う",
"raw_tags": [
"ワ行五段活用"
],
"tags": [
"attributive"
]
},
{
"form": "え",
"raw_tags": [
"ワ行五段活用"
],
"tags": [
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "え",
"raw_tags": [
"ワ行五段活用"
],
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "とわない",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"語形"
],
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "未然形 + ない",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"結合"
],
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "とおう",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"語形",
"意志・勧誘"
]
},
{
"form": "未然形音便 + う",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"結合",
"意志・勧誘"
]
},
{
"form": "といます",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"語形"
],
"tags": [
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "連用形 + ます",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"結合"
],
"tags": [
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "とった",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"語形"
],
"tags": [
"past",
"completive"
]
},
{
"form": "連用形音便 + た",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"結合"
],
"tags": [
"past",
"completive"
]
},
{
"form": "とう",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"語形"
],
"tags": [
"definitive"
]
},
{
"form": "終止形のみ",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"結合"
],
"tags": [
"definitive"
]
},
{
"form": "とうこと",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"語形"
],
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "連体形 + こと",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"結合"
],
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "とえば",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"語形",
"仮定条件"
]
},
{
"form": "仮定形 + ば",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"結合",
"仮定条件"
]
},
{
"form": "とえ",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"語形"
],
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "命令形のみ",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"結合"
],
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
}
],
"lang": "日本語",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"pos_title": "動詞",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
25,
27
]
],
"ref": "（佐藤垢石『泡盛物語』）",
"text": "「清掃人夫を求めているのは、こちらでしょうか」と、問うた。"
}
],
"glosses": [
"答えや情報を教えてもらうために話す。質問する。訊く。"
],
"id": "ja-とう-ja-verb-LwbHq2s9"
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "罪に問う。"
}
],
"glosses": [
"責任や犯罪容疑を追及する。"
],
"id": "ja-とう-ja-verb-7ouD3X~q"
},
{
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
3,
5
]
],
"text": "真価が問われる。"
}
],
"glosses": [
"（多く「問われる」の形で）能力や価値を試す。"
],
"id": "ja-とう-ja-verb-Tcpc9cLM"
},
{
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
7
]
],
"text": "洋の東西を問わず"
}
],
"glosses": [
"（多くは否定形）問題にする。条件を付ける。"
],
"id": "ja-とう-ja-verb-W-qMy~RO"
},
{
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
42,
44
]
],
"ref": "（森鴎外『鴎外漁史とは誰ぞ』）",
"text": "我学友はあるいは台湾に往き、あるいは欧羅巴に遊ぶ途次、わざわざ門司から舟を下りて予を訪うてくれる。"
}
],
"glosses": [
"「訪れる」、「訪う」の古風な言い方。"
],
"id": "ja-とう-ja-verb-xKXv8kFT"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"ruby": [
[
"尋",
"たず"
]
],
"word": "尋ねる"
},
{
"word": "質問"
},
{
"ruby": [
[
"訊",
"き"
]
],
"word": "訊く"
},
{
"word": "訪問"
},
{
"ruby": [
[
"訪",
"おとず"
]
],
"word": "訪れる"
},
{
"word": "おとなう"
}
],
"word": "とう"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "日本語",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "日本語_動詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_texts": [
"形容詞疾（と）しの連用形「とく」から。"
],
"lang": "日本語",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"pos_title": "動詞",
"related": [
{
"word": "たう"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"（方言、西日本）高いところや深いところなどに身体や物の先が届く"
],
"id": "ja-とう-ja-verb-iZFnbJUO",
"ruby": [
[
"届",
"とど"
]
]
}
],
"word": "とう"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "テンプレート:pronに引数が用いられているページ",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "日本語",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "日本語 名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "とうとう"
},
{
"word": "とうの昔"
},
{
"word": "とうの先"
}
],
"etymology_texts": [
"形容詞疾（と）しの連用形「とく」から。"
],
"lang": "日本語",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_title": "名詞",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
39,
42
]
],
"ref": "（若山牧水『姉妹』）〔1907年〕",
"text": "昨夜などはあんなに遲く私の寢るまでもあか／＼と點いてゐた河向ひの徳次の家の灯も夙うに見えない。"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
15,
17
]
],
"ref": "（中島敦『盈虚』）〔1942年〕",
"ruby": [
[
"了",
"しま"
]
],
"text": "先程から鳴聲一つ立てないのは、疾うに死んで了つてゐたからである。"
}
],
"glosses": [
"（「とうの」「とうに」「とうから」の形で）期待されるより以前。"
],
"id": "ja-とう-ja-noun-01uTc~mF"
},
{
"glosses": [
"（古語）はやく。"
],
"id": "ja-とう-ja-noun-OhK7mlNs"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "とっく"
}
],
"word": "とう"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "テンプレート:pronに引数が用いられているページ",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "日本語",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "日本語 名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "ふきのとう"
},
{
"word": "とうが立つ"
}
],
"etymology_texts": [
"形容詞疾（と）しの連用形「とく」から。"
],
"lang": "日本語",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_title": "名詞",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"あぶらなやふきなどの花軸や花茎。"
],
"id": "ja-とう-ja-noun-nI~nN1RJ"
}
],
"word": "とう"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "日本語",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "日本語 縮約形",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_texts": [
"形容詞疾（と）しの連用形「とく」から。"
],
"lang": "日本語",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "contraction",
"pos_title": "縮約形",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
41,
43
]
],
"ref": "（古事記、雄略天皇）",
"text": "そのあむをあきづはやぐひ かくのごと なにおはむとそらみつやまとのくにをあきづしまとふ"
}
],
"glosses": [
"〜と言う。〜と呼ぶ。〜と呼ばれる。"
],
"id": "ja-とう-ja-contraction-CsEFP63b"
}
],
"word": "とう"
}
{
"categories": [
"日本語",
"日本語 動詞",
"日本語 動詞 ワ五"
],
"derived": [
{
"ruby": [
[
"問",
"と"
]
],
"word": "問い"
},
{
"word": "問い質す"
},
{
"word": "問い掛ける"
},
{
"word": "問い合わせ"
},
{
"word": "問わず語り"
}
],
"etymology_texts": [
"形容詞疾（と）しの連用形「とく」から。"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "と",
"raw_tags": [
"ワ行五段活用",
"語幹"
]
},
{
"form": "わ",
"raw_tags": [
"ワ行五段活用"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "お",
"raw_tags": [
"ワ行五段活用"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "い",
"raw_tags": [
"ワ行五段活用"
],
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "っ",
"raw_tags": [
"ワ行五段活用"
],
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "う",
"raw_tags": [
"ワ行五段活用"
],
"tags": [
"terminal"
]
},
{
"form": "う",
"raw_tags": [
"ワ行五段活用"
],
"tags": [
"attributive"
]
},
{
"form": "え",
"raw_tags": [
"ワ行五段活用"
],
"tags": [
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "え",
"raw_tags": [
"ワ行五段活用"
],
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "とわない",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"語形"
],
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "未然形 + ない",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"結合"
],
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "とおう",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"語形",
"意志・勧誘"
]
},
{
"form": "未然形音便 + う",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"結合",
"意志・勧誘"
]
},
{
"form": "といます",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"語形"
],
"tags": [
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "連用形 + ます",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"結合"
],
"tags": [
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "とった",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"語形"
],
"tags": [
"past",
"completive"
]
},
{
"form": "連用形音便 + た",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"結合"
],
"tags": [
"past",
"completive"
]
},
{
"form": "とう",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"語形"
],
"tags": [
"definitive"
]
},
{
"form": "終止形のみ",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"結合"
],
"tags": [
"definitive"
]
},
{
"form": "とうこと",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"語形"
],
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "連体形 + こと",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"結合"
],
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "とえば",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"語形",
"仮定条件"
]
},
{
"form": "仮定形 + ば",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"結合",
"仮定条件"
]
},
{
"form": "とえ",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"語形"
],
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "命令形のみ",
"raw_tags": [
"各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
"結合"
],
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
}
],
"lang": "日本語",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"pos_title": "動詞",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
25,
27
]
],
"ref": "（佐藤垢石『泡盛物語』）",
"text": "「清掃人夫を求めているのは、こちらでしょうか」と、問うた。"
}
],
"glosses": [
"答えや情報を教えてもらうために話す。質問する。訊く。"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "罪に問う。"
}
],
"glosses": [
"責任や犯罪容疑を追及する。"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
3,
5
]
],
"text": "真価が問われる。"
}
],
"glosses": [
"（多く「問われる」の形で）能力や価値を試す。"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
7
]
],
"text": "洋の東西を問わず"
}
],
"glosses": [
"（多くは否定形）問題にする。条件を付ける。"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
42,
44
]
],
"ref": "（森鴎外『鴎外漁史とは誰ぞ』）",
"text": "我学友はあるいは台湾に往き、あるいは欧羅巴に遊ぶ途次、わざわざ門司から舟を下りて予を訪うてくれる。"
}
],
"glosses": [
"「訪れる」、「訪う」の古風な言い方。"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"ruby": [
[
"尋",
"たず"
]
],
"word": "尋ねる"
},
{
"word": "質問"
},
{
"ruby": [
[
"訊",
"き"
]
],
"word": "訊く"
},
{
"word": "訪問"
},
{
"ruby": [
[
"訪",
"おとず"
]
],
"word": "訪れる"
},
{
"word": "おとなう"
}
],
"word": "とう"
}
{
"categories": [
"日本語",
"日本語_動詞"
],
"etymology_texts": [
"形容詞疾（と）しの連用形「とく」から。"
],
"lang": "日本語",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"pos_title": "動詞",
"related": [
{
"word": "たう"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"（方言、西日本）高いところや深いところなどに身体や物の先が届く"
],
"ruby": [
[
"届",
"とど"
]
]
}
],
"word": "とう"
}
{
"categories": [
"テンプレート:pronに引数が用いられているページ",
"日本語",
"日本語 名詞"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "とうとう"
},
{
"word": "とうの昔"
},
{
"word": "とうの先"
}
],
"etymology_texts": [
"形容詞疾（と）しの連用形「とく」から。"
],
"lang": "日本語",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_title": "名詞",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
39,
42
]
],
"ref": "（若山牧水『姉妹』）〔1907年〕",
"text": "昨夜などはあんなに遲く私の寢るまでもあか／＼と點いてゐた河向ひの徳次の家の灯も夙うに見えない。"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
15,
17
]
],
"ref": "（中島敦『盈虚』）〔1942年〕",
"ruby": [
[
"了",
"しま"
]
],
"text": "先程から鳴聲一つ立てないのは、疾うに死んで了つてゐたからである。"
}
],
"glosses": [
"（「とうの」「とうに」「とうから」の形で）期待されるより以前。"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"（古語）はやく。"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "とっく"
}
],
"word": "とう"
}
{
"categories": [
"テンプレート:pronに引数が用いられているページ",
"日本語",
"日本語 名詞"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "ふきのとう"
},
{
"word": "とうが立つ"
}
],
"etymology_texts": [
"形容詞疾（と）しの連用形「とく」から。"
],
"lang": "日本語",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_title": "名詞",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"あぶらなやふきなどの花軸や花茎。"
]
}
],
"word": "とう"
}
{
"categories": [
"日本語",
"日本語 縮約形"
],
"etymology_texts": [
"形容詞疾（と）しの連用形「とく」から。"
],
"lang": "日本語",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "contraction",
"pos_title": "縮約形",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
41,
43
]
],
"ref": "（古事記、雄略天皇）",
"text": "そのあむをあきづはやぐひ かくのごと なにおはむとそらみつやまとのくにをあきづしまとふ"
}
],
"glosses": [
"〜と言う。〜と呼ぶ。〜と呼ばれる。"
]
}
],
"word": "とう"
}
Download raw JSONL data for とう meaning in 日本語 (6.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable 日本語 dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-07-19 from the jawiktionary dump dated 2025-07-02 using wiktextract (45c4a21 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.