"呉れる" meaning in Japonais

See 呉れる in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: \kɯ.ɾe.ɾɯ\
Forms: くれる [hiragana], kureru [transcription], 呉れる, 呉れ, 呉れ, 呉れる, 呉れる, 呉れれ, 呉れよ 呉れろ, 呉れて, 呉れます, 呉れません, 呉れる [neuter], 呉れない [neuter], 呉れました [past], 呉れませんでした [past], 呉れた [past, neuter], 呉れなかった [past, neuter], 呉れると, 呉れたら, 呉れれば, 呉れるなら, 呉れろ [imperative], 呉れるな [imperative], 呉れなさい [imperative], 呉れなさるな [imperative], 呉れてください [imperative], 呉れないでください [imperative], 呉れながら [gerund], 呉れている, 呉れたり, 呉れて [neuter], 呉れましょう, 呉れよう [neuter], 呉れたい, 呉れられる, 呉れさせる, 呉れられる
  1. Variante orthographique de くれる. Tags: alt-of, obsolete Alternative form of: くれる
    Sense id: fr-呉れる-ja-verb-qj1xSb3o Categories (other): Termes désuets en japonais
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated

Download JSONL data for 呉れる meaning in Japonais (8.0kB)

{
  "categories": [
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Verbes en japonais",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Verbes ichidan en japonais",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Verbes transitifs en japonais",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Japonais",
      "orig": "japonais",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    }
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "くれる",
      "tags": [
        "hiragana"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kureru",
      "tags": [
        "transcription"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れる",
      "hiragana": "くれる",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Formes de base",
        "L'inaccompli"
      ],
      "roman": "kureru",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる"
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れ",
      "hiragana": "くれ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Formes de base",
        "Imperfectif (未然形, mizen-kei)"
      ],
      "roman": "kure",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる"
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れ",
      "hiragana": "くれ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Formes de base",
        "Continuatif (連用形, ren'yō-kei)"
      ],
      "roman": "kure",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる"
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れる",
      "hiragana": "くれる",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Formes de base",
        "Conclusif (終止形, shūshi-kei)"
      ],
      "roman": "kureru",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる"
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れる",
      "hiragana": "くれる",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Formes de base",
        "Attributif (連体形, rentai-kei)"
      ],
      "roman": "kureru",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる"
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れれ",
      "hiragana": "くれれ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Formes de base",
        "Hypothétique (仮定形, katei-kei)"
      ],
      "roman": "kurere",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる"
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れよ\n呉れろ",
      "hiragana": "くれよ\nくれろ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Formes de base",
        "Impératif (命令形, meirei-kei)"
      ],
      "roman": "kureyo\nkurero",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる"
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れて",
      "hiragana": "くれて",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Formes de base",
        "La Forme en -te"
      ],
      "roman": "kurete",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる"
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れます",
      "hiragana": "くれます",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Présent / Futur",
        "poli",
        "affirmatif"
      ],
      "roman": "kuremasu",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる"
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れません",
      "hiragana": "くれません",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Présent / Futur",
        "poli",
        "négatif"
      ],
      "roman": "kuremasen",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる"
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れる",
      "hiragana": "くれる",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Présent / Futur",
        "affirmatif"
      ],
      "roman": "kureru",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れない",
      "hiragana": "くれない",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Présent / Futur",
        "négatif"
      ],
      "roman": "kurenai",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れました",
      "hiragana": "くれました",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "poli",
        "affirmatif"
      ],
      "roman": "kuremashita",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れませんでした",
      "hiragana": "くれませんでした",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "poli",
        "négatif"
      ],
      "roman": "kuremasen deshita",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れた",
      "hiragana": "くれた",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "affirmatif"
      ],
      "roman": "kureta",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れなかった",
      "hiragana": "くれなかった",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "négatif"
      ],
      "roman": "kurenakatta",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れると",
      "hiragana": "くれると",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Conditionnel / Subjonctif",
        "en to"
      ],
      "roman": "kureru to",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる"
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れたら",
      "hiragana": "くれたら",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Conditionnel / Subjonctif",
        "en -tara"
      ],
      "roman": "kuretara",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる"
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れれば",
      "hiragana": "くれれば",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Conditionnel / Subjonctif",
        "en -(e)ba"
      ],
      "roman": "kurereba",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる"
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れるなら",
      "hiragana": "くれるなら",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Conditionnel / Subjonctif",
        "en nara"
      ],
      "roman": "kureru nara",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる"
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れろ",
      "hiragana": "くれろ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "en -e (neutre)",
        "affirmatif"
      ],
      "roman": "kurero",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れるな",
      "hiragana": "くれるな",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "en -e (neutre)",
        "négatif"
      ],
      "roman": "kureru na",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れなさい",
      "hiragana": "くれなさい",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "en -nasai (poli affirmatif)"
      ],
      "roman": "kurenasai",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れなさるな",
      "hiragana": "くれなさるな",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "en -nasaruna (poli négatif)"
      ],
      "roman": "kurenasaruna",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れてください",
      "hiragana": "くれてください",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "en -te kudasai",
        "affirmatif"
      ],
      "roman": "kurete kudasai",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れないでください",
      "hiragana": "くれないでください",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "en -te kudasai",
        "négatif"
      ],
      "roman": "kurenaide kudasai",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れながら",
      "hiragana": "くれながら",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions"
      ],
      "roman": "kurenagara",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れている",
      "hiragana": "くれている",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Progressif\nen -te + いる ichidan (conjugaison)"
      ],
      "roman": "kurete iru",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる"
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れたり",
      "hiragana": "くれたり",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Suspensif",
        "poli"
      ],
      "roman": "kuretari",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる"
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れて",
      "hiragana": "くれて",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Suspensif"
      ],
      "roman": "kurete",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れましょう",
      "hiragana": "くれましょう",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Conjectural/Volitif",
        "poli"
      ],
      "roman": "kuremashō",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる"
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れよう",
      "hiragana": "くれよう",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Conjectural/Volitif"
      ],
      "roman": "kureyō",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れたい",
      "hiragana": "くれたい",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Désidératif adjectif variable (flexions)"
      ],
      "roman": "kuretai",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる"
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れられる",
      "hiragana": "くれられる",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Passif ichidan (conjugaison)"
      ],
      "roman": "kurerareru",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる"
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れさせる",
      "hiragana": "くれさせる",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Factitif/Causatif ichidan (conjugaison)"
      ],
      "roman": "kuresaseru",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる"
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れられる",
      "hiragana": "くれられる",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Potentiel ichidan (conjugaison)"
      ],
      "roman": "kurerareru",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japonais",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "pos_title": "Verbe",
  "raw_tags": [
    "ichidan"
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "くれる"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Termes désuets en japonais",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Variante orthographique de くれる."
      ],
      "id": "fr-呉れる-ja-verb-qj1xSb3o",
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "\\kɯ.ɾe.ɾɯ\\"
    }
  ],
  "tags": [
    "transitive"
  ],
  "word": "呉れる"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Verbes en japonais",
    "Verbes ichidan en japonais",
    "Verbes transitifs en japonais",
    "japonais"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "くれる",
      "tags": [
        "hiragana"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kureru",
      "tags": [
        "transcription"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れる",
      "hiragana": "くれる",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Formes de base",
        "L'inaccompli"
      ],
      "roman": "kureru",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる"
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れ",
      "hiragana": "くれ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Formes de base",
        "Imperfectif (未然形, mizen-kei)"
      ],
      "roman": "kure",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる"
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れ",
      "hiragana": "くれ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Formes de base",
        "Continuatif (連用形, ren'yō-kei)"
      ],
      "roman": "kure",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる"
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れる",
      "hiragana": "くれる",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Formes de base",
        "Conclusif (終止形, shūshi-kei)"
      ],
      "roman": "kureru",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる"
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れる",
      "hiragana": "くれる",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Formes de base",
        "Attributif (連体形, rentai-kei)"
      ],
      "roman": "kureru",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる"
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れれ",
      "hiragana": "くれれ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Formes de base",
        "Hypothétique (仮定形, katei-kei)"
      ],
      "roman": "kurere",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる"
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れよ\n呉れろ",
      "hiragana": "くれよ\nくれろ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Formes de base",
        "Impératif (命令形, meirei-kei)"
      ],
      "roman": "kureyo\nkurero",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる"
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れて",
      "hiragana": "くれて",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Formes de base",
        "La Forme en -te"
      ],
      "roman": "kurete",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる"
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れます",
      "hiragana": "くれます",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Présent / Futur",
        "poli",
        "affirmatif"
      ],
      "roman": "kuremasu",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる"
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れません",
      "hiragana": "くれません",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Présent / Futur",
        "poli",
        "négatif"
      ],
      "roman": "kuremasen",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる"
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れる",
      "hiragana": "くれる",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Présent / Futur",
        "affirmatif"
      ],
      "roman": "kureru",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れない",
      "hiragana": "くれない",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Présent / Futur",
        "négatif"
      ],
      "roman": "kurenai",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れました",
      "hiragana": "くれました",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "poli",
        "affirmatif"
      ],
      "roman": "kuremashita",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れませんでした",
      "hiragana": "くれませんでした",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "poli",
        "négatif"
      ],
      "roman": "kuremasen deshita",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れた",
      "hiragana": "くれた",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "affirmatif"
      ],
      "roman": "kureta",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れなかった",
      "hiragana": "くれなかった",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "négatif"
      ],
      "roman": "kurenakatta",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れると",
      "hiragana": "くれると",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Conditionnel / Subjonctif",
        "en to"
      ],
      "roman": "kureru to",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる"
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れたら",
      "hiragana": "くれたら",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Conditionnel / Subjonctif",
        "en -tara"
      ],
      "roman": "kuretara",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる"
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れれば",
      "hiragana": "くれれば",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Conditionnel / Subjonctif",
        "en -(e)ba"
      ],
      "roman": "kurereba",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる"
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れるなら",
      "hiragana": "くれるなら",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Conditionnel / Subjonctif",
        "en nara"
      ],
      "roman": "kureru nara",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる"
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れろ",
      "hiragana": "くれろ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "en -e (neutre)",
        "affirmatif"
      ],
      "roman": "kurero",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れるな",
      "hiragana": "くれるな",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "en -e (neutre)",
        "négatif"
      ],
      "roman": "kureru na",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れなさい",
      "hiragana": "くれなさい",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "en -nasai (poli affirmatif)"
      ],
      "roman": "kurenasai",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れなさるな",
      "hiragana": "くれなさるな",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "en -nasaruna (poli négatif)"
      ],
      "roman": "kurenasaruna",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れてください",
      "hiragana": "くれてください",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "en -te kudasai",
        "affirmatif"
      ],
      "roman": "kurete kudasai",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れないでください",
      "hiragana": "くれないでください",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "en -te kudasai",
        "négatif"
      ],
      "roman": "kurenaide kudasai",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れながら",
      "hiragana": "くれながら",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions"
      ],
      "roman": "kurenagara",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れている",
      "hiragana": "くれている",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Progressif\nen -te + いる ichidan (conjugaison)"
      ],
      "roman": "kurete iru",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる"
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れたり",
      "hiragana": "くれたり",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Suspensif",
        "poli"
      ],
      "roman": "kuretari",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる"
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れて",
      "hiragana": "くれて",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Suspensif"
      ],
      "roman": "kurete",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れましょう",
      "hiragana": "くれましょう",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Conjectural/Volitif",
        "poli"
      ],
      "roman": "kuremashō",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる"
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れよう",
      "hiragana": "くれよう",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Conjectural/Volitif"
      ],
      "roman": "kureyō",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れたい",
      "hiragana": "くれたい",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Désidératif adjectif variable (flexions)"
      ],
      "roman": "kuretai",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる"
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れられる",
      "hiragana": "くれられる",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Passif ichidan (conjugaison)"
      ],
      "roman": "kurerareru",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる"
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れさせる",
      "hiragana": "くれさせる",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Factitif/Causatif ichidan (conjugaison)"
      ],
      "roman": "kuresaseru",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる"
    },
    {
      "form": "呉れられる",
      "hiragana": "くれられる",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Clefs de constructions",
        "Potentiel ichidan (conjugaison)"
      ],
      "roman": "kurerareru",
      "source": "Conjugaison:japonais/呉れる"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japonais",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "pos_title": "Verbe",
  "raw_tags": [
    "ichidan"
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "くれる"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Termes désuets en japonais"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Variante orthographique de くれる."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "\\kɯ.ɾe.ɾɯ\\"
    }
  ],
  "tags": [
    "transitive"
  ],
  "word": "呉れる"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japonais dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-07-04 from the frwiktionary dump dated 2024-07-01 using wiktextract (c690d5d and b5d1315). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.