"penar" meaning in Espagnol

See penar in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: \peˈnaɾ\ Audio: LL-Q1321 (spa)-Marreromarco-penar.wav
Forms: penar [infinitive], haber penado [infinitive], penando [gerund], habiendo penado [gerund], penado [participle, past], (yo) peno [indicative, present], (tú/vos) ou (vos) penas penás [indicative, present], (él/ella/Ud.) pena [indicative, present], (nosostros-as) penamos [indicative, present], (vosostros-as/os) penáis [indicative, present], (ellos-as/Uds.) penan [indicative, present], (yo) he penado [indicative, past, multiword-construction], (tú/vos) has penado [indicative, past, multiword-construction], (él/ella/Ud.) ha penado [indicative, past, multiword-construction], (nosotros-as) hemos penado [indicative, past, multiword-construction], (vosotros-as/os) habéis penado [indicative, past, multiword-construction], (ellos-as/Uds.) han penado [indicative, past, multiword-construction], (yo) penaba [indicative, imperfect], (tú/vos) penabas [indicative, imperfect], (él/ella/Ud.) penaba [indicative, imperfect], (nosostros-as) penábamos [indicative, imperfect], (vosostros-as/os) penabais [indicative, imperfect], (ellos-as/Uds.) penaban [indicative, imperfect], (yo) había penado [indicative, pluperfect], (tú/vos) habías penado [indicative, pluperfect], (él/ella/Ud.) había penado [indicative, pluperfect], (nosotros-as) habíamos penado [indicative, pluperfect], (vosotros-as/os) habíais penado [indicative, pluperfect], (ellos-as/Uds.) habían penado [indicative, pluperfect], (yo) pené [indicative, past], (tú/vos) penaste [indicative, past], (él/ella/Ud.) penó [indicative, past], (nosostros-as) penamos [indicative, past], (vosostros-as/os) penasteis [indicative, past], (ellos-as/Uds.) penaron [indicative, past], (yo) hube penado [indicative, past, anterior], (tú/vos) hubiste penado [indicative, past, anterior], (él/ella/Ud.) hubo penado [indicative, past, anterior], (nosotros-as) hubimos penado [indicative, past, anterior], (vosotros-as/os) hubisteis penado [indicative, past, anterior], (ellos-as/Uds.) hubieron penado [indicative, past, anterior], (yo) penaré [indicative, future], (tú/vos) penarás [indicative, future], (él/ella/Ud.) penará [indicative, future], (nosostros-as) penaremos [indicative, future], (vosostros-as/os) penaréis [indicative, future], (ellos-as/Uds.) penarán [indicative, future], (yo) habré penado [indicative, future, perfect], (tú/vos) habrás penado [indicative, future, perfect], (él/ella/Ud.) habrá penado [indicative, future, perfect], (nosotros-as) habremos penado [indicative, future, perfect], (vosotros-as/os) habréis penado [indicative, future, perfect], (ellos-as/Uds.) habrán penado [indicative, future, perfect], (yo) penaría [conditional, present], (tú/vos) penarías [conditional, present], (él/ella/Ud.) penaría [conditional, present], (nosostros-as) penaríamos [conditional, present], (vosostros-as/os) penaríais [conditional, present], (ellos-as/Uds.) penarían [conditional, present], (yo) habría penado [conditional, past], (tú/vos) habrías penado [conditional, past], (él/ella/Ud.) habría penado [conditional, past], (nosotros-as) habríamos penado [conditional, past], (vosotros-as/os) habríais penado [conditional, past], (ellos-as/Uds.) habrían penado [conditional, past], (yo) pene [present], (tú/vos) ou (vos) penes penés [present], (él/ella/Ud.) pene [present], (nosostros-as) penemos [present], (vosostros-as/os) penéis [present], (ellos-as/Uds.) penen [present], (yo) haya penado [past, multiword-construction], (tú/vos) hayas penado [past, multiword-construction], (él/ella/Ud.) haya penado [past, multiword-construction], (nosotros-as) hayamos penado [past, multiword-construction], (vosotros-as/os) hayáis penado [past, multiword-construction], (ellos-as/Uds.) hayan penado [past, multiword-construction], (yo) penara, (tú/vos) penaras, (él/ella/Ud.) penara, (nosostros-as) penáramos, (vosostros-as/os) penarais, (ellos-as/Uds.) penaran, (yo) hubiera penado, (tú/vos) hubieras penado, (él/ella/Ud.) hubiera penado, (nosotros-as) hubiéramos penado, (vosotros-as/os) hubierais penado, (ellos-as/Uds.) hubieran penado, (yo) penase, (tú/vos) penases, (él/ella/Ud.) penase, (nosostros-as) penásemos, (vosostros-as/os) penaseis, (ellos-as/Uds.) penasen, (yo) hubiese penado, (tú/vos) hubieses penado, (él/ella/Ud.) hubiese penado, (nosotros-as) hubiésemos penado, (vosotros-as/os) hubieseis penado, (ellos-as/Uds.) hubiesen penado, (yo) penare [future], (tú/vos) penares [future], (él/ella/Ud.) penare [future], (nosostros-as) penáremos [future], (vosostros-as/os) penareis [future], (ellos-as/Uds.) penaren [future], (yo) hubiere penado [future, perfect], (tú/vos) hubieres penado [future, perfect], (él/ella/Ud.) hubiere penado [future, perfect], (nosotros-as) hubiéremos penado [future, perfect], (vosotros-as/os) hubiereis penado [future, perfect], (ellos-as/Uds.) hubieren penado [future, perfect], (yo) , (tú) ou (vos) pena pená, (usted) pene, (nosostros-as) penemos, (vosostros-as) penad, (ustedes) penen
  1. Endurer, souffrir, subir.
    Sense id: fr-penar-es-verb-jFP-vvHG
  2. Être triste (Mexique).
    Sense id: fr-penar-es-verb-TLQ4uHBZ
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: sufrir, aguantar, soportar

Inflected forms

{
  "categories": [
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Lemmes en espagnol",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Verbes du premier groupe en espagnol",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Verbes en espagnol",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Verbes intransitifs en espagnol",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Verbes transitifs en espagnol",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Espagnol",
      "orig": "espagnol",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_texts": [
    "De pena et -ar."
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "penar",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈnaɾ]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Formes simples"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haber penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[aˌβeɾ peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Formes composées"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penando",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈnan̪.do]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Formes simples"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "habiendo penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[aˌβjen.do peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Formes composées"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Formes simples"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(yo) peno",
      "ipas": [
        "[ˈpe.no]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(tú/vos)\nou (vos) penas\n penás",
      "ipas": [
        "[ˈpe.nas]\n[peˈnas]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(él/ella/Ud.) pena",
      "ipas": [
        "[ˈpe.na]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(nosostros-as) penamos",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈna.mos]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(vosostros-as/os) penáis",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈnai̯s]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(ellos-as/Uds.) penan",
      "ipas": [
        "[ˈpe.nan]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(yo) he penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[e peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(tú/vos) has penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[as peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(él/ella/Ud.) ha penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[a peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(nosotros-as) hemos penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[ˈe.mos peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(vosotros-as/os) habéis penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[a.ˈβejs peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(ellos-as/Uds.) han penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[an peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(yo) penaba",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈna.βa]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "imperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(tú/vos) penabas",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈna.βas]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "imperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(él/ella/Ud.) penaba",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈna.βa]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "imperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(nosostros-as) penábamos",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈna.βa.mos]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "imperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(vosostros-as/os) penabais",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈna.βai̯s]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "imperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(ellos-as/Uds.) penaban",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈna.βan]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "imperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(yo) había penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[a.ˈβi.a peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(tú/vos) habías penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[a.ˈβi.as peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(él/ella/Ud.) había penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[a.ˈβi.a peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(nosotros-as) habíamos penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[a.ˈβi.a.mos peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(vosotros-as/os) habíais penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[a.ˈβi.ajs peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(ellos-as/Uds.) habían penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[a.ˈβi.an peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(yo) pené",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈne]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(tú/vos) penaste",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈnas.te]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(él/ella/Ud.) penó",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈno]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(nosostros-as) penamos",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈna.mos]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(vosostros-as/os) penasteis",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈnas.tei̯s]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(ellos-as/Uds.) penaron",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈna.ɾon]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(yo) hube penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[ˈu.βe peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "anterior"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(tú/vos) hubiste penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[u.ˈβi.ste peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "anterior"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(él/ella/Ud.) hubo penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[ˈu.βo peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "anterior"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(nosotros-as) hubimos penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[u.ˈβi.mos peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "anterior"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(vosotros-as/os) hubisteis penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[u.ˈβi.stejs peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "anterior"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(ellos-as/Uds.) hubieron penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[u.ˈβje.ɾon peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "anterior"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(yo) penaré",
      "ipas": [
        "[pe.naˈɾe]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "future"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(tú/vos) penarás",
      "ipas": [
        "[pe.naˈɾas]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "future"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(él/ella/Ud.) penará",
      "ipas": [
        "[pe.naˈɾa]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "future"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(nosostros-as) penaremos",
      "ipas": [
        "[pe.naˈɾe.mos]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "future"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(vosostros-as/os) penaréis",
      "ipas": [
        "[pe.naˈɾei̯s]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "future"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(ellos-as/Uds.) penarán",
      "ipas": [
        "[pe.naˈɾan]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "future"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(yo) habré penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[a.ˈβɾe peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "future",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(tú/vos) habrás penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[a.ˈβɾas peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "future",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(él/ella/Ud.) habrá penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[a.ˈβɾa peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "future",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(nosotros-as) habremos penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[a.ˈβɾe.mos peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "future",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(vosotros-as/os) habréis penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[a.ˈβɾejs peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "future",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(ellos-as/Uds.) habrán penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[a.ˈβɾan peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "future",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(yo) penaría",
      "ipas": [
        "[pe.naˈɾi.a]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(tú/vos) penarías",
      "ipas": [
        "[pe.naˈɾi.as]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(él/ella/Ud.) penaría",
      "ipas": [
        "[pe.naˈɾi.a]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(nosostros-as) penaríamos",
      "ipas": [
        "[pe.naˈɾi.a.mos]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(vosostros-as/os) penaríais",
      "ipas": [
        "[pe.naˈɾi.ai̯s]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(ellos-as/Uds.) penarían",
      "ipas": [
        "[pe.naˈɾi.an]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(yo) habría penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[a.ˈβɾi.a peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(tú/vos) habrías penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[a.ˈβɾi.as peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(él/ella/Ud.) habría penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[a.ˈβɾi.a peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(nosotros-as) habríamos penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[a.ˈβɾi.a.mos peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(vosotros-as/os) habríais penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[a.ˈβɾi.ajs peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(ellos-as/Uds.) habrían penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[a.ˈβɾi.an peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(yo) pene",
      "ipas": [
        "[ˈpe.ne]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(tú/vos)\nou (vos) penes\n penés",
      "ipas": [
        "[ˈpe.nes]\n[peˈnes]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(él/ella/Ud.) pene",
      "ipas": [
        "[ˈpe.ne]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(nosostros-as) penemos",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈne.mos]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(vosostros-as/os) penéis",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈnei̯s]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(ellos-as/Uds.) penen",
      "ipas": [
        "[ˈpe.nen]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(yo) haya penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[ˈa.ja peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(tú/vos) hayas penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[ˈa.jas peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(él/ella/Ud.) haya penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[ˈa.ja peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(nosotros-as) hayamos penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[a.ˈja.mos peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(vosotros-as/os) hayáis penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[a.ˈjajs peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(ellos-as/Uds.) hayan penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[ˈa.jan peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(yo) penara",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈna.ɾa]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Imparfait (en -ra)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    },
    {
      "form": "(tú/vos) penaras",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈna.ɾas]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Imparfait (en -ra)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    },
    {
      "form": "(él/ella/Ud.) penara",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈna.ɾa]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Imparfait (en -ra)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    },
    {
      "form": "(nosostros-as) penáramos",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈna.ɾa.mos]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Imparfait (en -ra)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    },
    {
      "form": "(vosostros-as/os) penarais",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈna.ɾai̯s]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Imparfait (en -ra)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    },
    {
      "form": "(ellos-as/Uds.) penaran",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈna.ɾan]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Imparfait (en -ra)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    },
    {
      "form": "(yo) hubiera penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[u.ˈβje.ɾa peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Plus-que-parfait (en -era)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    },
    {
      "form": "(tú/vos) hubieras penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[u.ˈβje.ɾas peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Plus-que-parfait (en -era)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    },
    {
      "form": "(él/ella/Ud.) hubiera penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[u.ˈβje.ɾa peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Plus-que-parfait (en -era)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    },
    {
      "form": "(nosotros-as) hubiéramos penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[u.ˈβje.ɾa.mos peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Plus-que-parfait (en -era)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    },
    {
      "form": "(vosotros-as/os) hubierais penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[u.ˈβje.ɾajs peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Plus-que-parfait (en -era)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    },
    {
      "form": "(ellos-as/Uds.) hubieran penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[u.ˈβje.ɾan peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Plus-que-parfait (en -era)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    },
    {
      "form": "(yo) penase",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈna.se]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Imparfait (en -se)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    },
    {
      "form": "(tú/vos) penases",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈna.ses]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Imparfait (en -se)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    },
    {
      "form": "(él/ella/Ud.) penase",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈna.se]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Imparfait (en -se)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    },
    {
      "form": "(nosostros-as) penásemos",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈna.se.mos]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Imparfait (en -se)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    },
    {
      "form": "(vosostros-as/os) penaseis",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈna.sei̯s]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Imparfait (en -se)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    },
    {
      "form": "(ellos-as/Uds.) penasen",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈna.sen]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Imparfait (en -se)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    },
    {
      "form": "(yo) hubiese penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[u.ˈβje.se peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Plus-que-parfait (en -ese)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    },
    {
      "form": "(tú/vos) hubieses penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[u.ˈβje.ses peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Plus-que-parfait (en -ese)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    },
    {
      "form": "(él/ella/Ud.) hubiese penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[u.ˈβje.se peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Plus-que-parfait (en -ese)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    },
    {
      "form": "(nosotros-as) hubiésemos penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[u.ˈβje.se.mos peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Plus-que-parfait (en -ese)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    },
    {
      "form": "(vosotros-as/os) hubieseis penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[u.ˈβje.sejs peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Plus-que-parfait (en -ese)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    },
    {
      "form": "(ellos-as/Uds.) hubiesen penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[u.ˈβje.sen peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Plus-que-parfait (en -ese)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    },
    {
      "form": "(yo) penare",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈna.ɾe]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "future"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(tú/vos) penares",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈna.ɾes]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "future"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(él/ella/Ud.) penare",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈna.ɾe]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "future"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(nosostros-as) penáremos",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈna.ɾe.mos]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "future"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(vosostros-as/os) penareis",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈna.ɾei̯s]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "future"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(ellos-as/Uds.) penaren",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈna.ɾen]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "future"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(yo) hubiere penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[u.ˈβje.ɾe peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(tú/vos) hubieres penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[u.ˈβje.ɾes peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(él/ella/Ud.) hubiere penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[u.ˈβje.ɾe peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(nosotros-as) hubiéremos penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[u.ˈβje.ɾe.mos peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(vosotros-as/os) hubiereis penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[u.ˈβje.ɾejs peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(ellos-as/Uds.) hubieren penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[u.ˈβje.ɾen peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(yo) ",
      "ipas": [
        "[–]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Présent (forme affirmative)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    },
    {
      "form": "(tú)\nou (vos) pena\n pená",
      "ipas": [
        "[ˈpe.na]\n[peˈna]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Présent (forme affirmative)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    },
    {
      "form": "(usted) pene",
      "ipas": [
        "[ˈpe.ne]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Présent (forme affirmative)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    },
    {
      "form": "(nosostros-as) penemos",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈne.mos]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Présent (forme affirmative)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    },
    {
      "form": "(vosostros-as) penad",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈnað]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Présent (forme affirmative)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    },
    {
      "form": "(ustedes) penen",
      "ipas": [
        "[ˈpe.nen]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Présent (forme affirmative)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Espagnol",
  "lang_code": "es",
  "pos": "verb",
  "pos_title": "Verbe",
  "raw_tags": [
    "1ᵉʳ groupe"
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Endurer, souffrir, subir."
      ],
      "id": "fr-penar-es-verb-jFP-vvHG"
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Être triste (Mexique)."
      ],
      "id": "fr-penar-es-verb-TLQ4uHBZ"
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "\\peˈnaɾ\\"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1321 (spa)-Marreromarco-penar.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/85/LL-Q1321_(spa)-Marreromarco-penar.wav/LL-Q1321_(spa)-Marreromarco-penar.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/85/LL-Q1321_(spa)-Marreromarco-penar.wav/LL-Q1321_(spa)-Marreromarco-penar.wav.ogg",
      "wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1321 (spa)-Marreromarco-penar.wav"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "sufrir"
    },
    {
      "word": "aguantar"
    },
    {
      "word": "soportar"
    }
  ],
  "tags": [
    "intransitive",
    "transitive"
  ],
  "word": "penar"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Lemmes en espagnol",
    "Verbes du premier groupe en espagnol",
    "Verbes en espagnol",
    "Verbes intransitifs en espagnol",
    "Verbes transitifs en espagnol",
    "espagnol"
  ],
  "etymology_texts": [
    "De pena et -ar."
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "penar",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈnaɾ]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Formes simples"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haber penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[aˌβeɾ peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Formes composées"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penando",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈnan̪.do]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Formes simples"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "habiendo penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[aˌβjen.do peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Formes composées"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Formes simples"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(yo) peno",
      "ipas": [
        "[ˈpe.no]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(tú/vos)\nou (vos) penas\n penás",
      "ipas": [
        "[ˈpe.nas]\n[peˈnas]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(él/ella/Ud.) pena",
      "ipas": [
        "[ˈpe.na]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(nosostros-as) penamos",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈna.mos]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(vosostros-as/os) penáis",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈnai̯s]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(ellos-as/Uds.) penan",
      "ipas": [
        "[ˈpe.nan]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(yo) he penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[e peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(tú/vos) has penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[as peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(él/ella/Ud.) ha penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[a peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(nosotros-as) hemos penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[ˈe.mos peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(vosotros-as/os) habéis penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[a.ˈβejs peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(ellos-as/Uds.) han penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[an peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(yo) penaba",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈna.βa]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "imperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(tú/vos) penabas",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈna.βas]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "imperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(él/ella/Ud.) penaba",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈna.βa]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "imperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(nosostros-as) penábamos",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈna.βa.mos]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "imperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(vosostros-as/os) penabais",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈna.βai̯s]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "imperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(ellos-as/Uds.) penaban",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈna.βan]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "imperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(yo) había penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[a.ˈβi.a peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(tú/vos) habías penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[a.ˈβi.as peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(él/ella/Ud.) había penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[a.ˈβi.a peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(nosotros-as) habíamos penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[a.ˈβi.a.mos peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(vosotros-as/os) habíais penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[a.ˈβi.ajs peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(ellos-as/Uds.) habían penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[a.ˈβi.an peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(yo) pené",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈne]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(tú/vos) penaste",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈnas.te]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(él/ella/Ud.) penó",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈno]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(nosostros-as) penamos",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈna.mos]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(vosostros-as/os) penasteis",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈnas.tei̯s]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(ellos-as/Uds.) penaron",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈna.ɾon]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(yo) hube penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[ˈu.βe peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "anterior"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(tú/vos) hubiste penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[u.ˈβi.ste peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "anterior"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(él/ella/Ud.) hubo penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[ˈu.βo peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "anterior"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(nosotros-as) hubimos penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[u.ˈβi.mos peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "anterior"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(vosotros-as/os) hubisteis penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[u.ˈβi.stejs peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "anterior"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(ellos-as/Uds.) hubieron penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[u.ˈβje.ɾon peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "anterior"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(yo) penaré",
      "ipas": [
        "[pe.naˈɾe]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "future"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(tú/vos) penarás",
      "ipas": [
        "[pe.naˈɾas]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "future"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(él/ella/Ud.) penará",
      "ipas": [
        "[pe.naˈɾa]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "future"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(nosostros-as) penaremos",
      "ipas": [
        "[pe.naˈɾe.mos]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "future"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(vosostros-as/os) penaréis",
      "ipas": [
        "[pe.naˈɾei̯s]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "future"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(ellos-as/Uds.) penarán",
      "ipas": [
        "[pe.naˈɾan]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "future"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(yo) habré penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[a.ˈβɾe peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "future",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(tú/vos) habrás penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[a.ˈβɾas peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "future",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(él/ella/Ud.) habrá penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[a.ˈβɾa peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "future",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(nosotros-as) habremos penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[a.ˈβɾe.mos peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "future",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(vosotros-as/os) habréis penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[a.ˈβɾejs peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "future",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(ellos-as/Uds.) habrán penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[a.ˈβɾan peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "future",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(yo) penaría",
      "ipas": [
        "[pe.naˈɾi.a]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(tú/vos) penarías",
      "ipas": [
        "[pe.naˈɾi.as]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(él/ella/Ud.) penaría",
      "ipas": [
        "[pe.naˈɾi.a]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(nosostros-as) penaríamos",
      "ipas": [
        "[pe.naˈɾi.a.mos]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(vosostros-as/os) penaríais",
      "ipas": [
        "[pe.naˈɾi.ai̯s]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(ellos-as/Uds.) penarían",
      "ipas": [
        "[pe.naˈɾi.an]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(yo) habría penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[a.ˈβɾi.a peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(tú/vos) habrías penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[a.ˈβɾi.as peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(él/ella/Ud.) habría penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[a.ˈβɾi.a peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(nosotros-as) habríamos penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[a.ˈβɾi.a.mos peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(vosotros-as/os) habríais penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[a.ˈβɾi.ajs peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(ellos-as/Uds.) habrían penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[a.ˈβɾi.an peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(yo) pene",
      "ipas": [
        "[ˈpe.ne]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(tú/vos)\nou (vos) penes\n penés",
      "ipas": [
        "[ˈpe.nes]\n[peˈnes]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(él/ella/Ud.) pene",
      "ipas": [
        "[ˈpe.ne]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(nosostros-as) penemos",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈne.mos]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(vosostros-as/os) penéis",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈnei̯s]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(ellos-as/Uds.) penen",
      "ipas": [
        "[ˈpe.nen]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(yo) haya penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[ˈa.ja peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(tú/vos) hayas penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[ˈa.jas peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(él/ella/Ud.) haya penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[ˈa.ja peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(nosotros-as) hayamos penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[a.ˈja.mos peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(vosotros-as/os) hayáis penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[a.ˈjajs peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(ellos-as/Uds.) hayan penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[ˈa.jan peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(yo) penara",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈna.ɾa]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Imparfait (en -ra)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    },
    {
      "form": "(tú/vos) penaras",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈna.ɾas]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Imparfait (en -ra)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    },
    {
      "form": "(él/ella/Ud.) penara",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈna.ɾa]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Imparfait (en -ra)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    },
    {
      "form": "(nosostros-as) penáramos",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈna.ɾa.mos]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Imparfait (en -ra)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    },
    {
      "form": "(vosostros-as/os) penarais",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈna.ɾai̯s]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Imparfait (en -ra)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    },
    {
      "form": "(ellos-as/Uds.) penaran",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈna.ɾan]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Imparfait (en -ra)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    },
    {
      "form": "(yo) hubiera penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[u.ˈβje.ɾa peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Plus-que-parfait (en -era)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    },
    {
      "form": "(tú/vos) hubieras penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[u.ˈβje.ɾas peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Plus-que-parfait (en -era)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    },
    {
      "form": "(él/ella/Ud.) hubiera penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[u.ˈβje.ɾa peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Plus-que-parfait (en -era)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    },
    {
      "form": "(nosotros-as) hubiéramos penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[u.ˈβje.ɾa.mos peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Plus-que-parfait (en -era)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    },
    {
      "form": "(vosotros-as/os) hubierais penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[u.ˈβje.ɾajs peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Plus-que-parfait (en -era)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    },
    {
      "form": "(ellos-as/Uds.) hubieran penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[u.ˈβje.ɾan peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Plus-que-parfait (en -era)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    },
    {
      "form": "(yo) penase",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈna.se]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Imparfait (en -se)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    },
    {
      "form": "(tú/vos) penases",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈna.ses]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Imparfait (en -se)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    },
    {
      "form": "(él/ella/Ud.) penase",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈna.se]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Imparfait (en -se)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    },
    {
      "form": "(nosostros-as) penásemos",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈna.se.mos]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Imparfait (en -se)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    },
    {
      "form": "(vosostros-as/os) penaseis",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈna.sei̯s]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Imparfait (en -se)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    },
    {
      "form": "(ellos-as/Uds.) penasen",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈna.sen]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Imparfait (en -se)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    },
    {
      "form": "(yo) hubiese penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[u.ˈβje.se peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Plus-que-parfait (en -ese)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    },
    {
      "form": "(tú/vos) hubieses penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[u.ˈβje.ses peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Plus-que-parfait (en -ese)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    },
    {
      "form": "(él/ella/Ud.) hubiese penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[u.ˈβje.se peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Plus-que-parfait (en -ese)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    },
    {
      "form": "(nosotros-as) hubiésemos penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[u.ˈβje.se.mos peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Plus-que-parfait (en -ese)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    },
    {
      "form": "(vosotros-as/os) hubieseis penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[u.ˈβje.sejs peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Plus-que-parfait (en -ese)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    },
    {
      "form": "(ellos-as/Uds.) hubiesen penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[u.ˈβje.sen peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Plus-que-parfait (en -ese)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    },
    {
      "form": "(yo) penare",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈna.ɾe]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "future"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(tú/vos) penares",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈna.ɾes]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "future"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(él/ella/Ud.) penare",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈna.ɾe]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "future"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(nosostros-as) penáremos",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈna.ɾe.mos]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "future"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(vosostros-as/os) penareis",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈna.ɾei̯s]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "future"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(ellos-as/Uds.) penaren",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈna.ɾen]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "future"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(yo) hubiere penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[u.ˈβje.ɾe peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(tú/vos) hubieres penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[u.ˈβje.ɾes peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(él/ella/Ud.) hubiere penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[u.ˈβje.ɾe peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(nosotros-as) hubiéremos penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[u.ˈβje.ɾe.mos peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(vosotros-as/os) hubiereis penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[u.ˈβje.ɾejs peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(ellos-as/Uds.) hubieren penado",
      "ipas": [
        "[u.ˈβje.ɾen peˈna.ðo]"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(yo) ",
      "ipas": [
        "[–]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Présent (forme affirmative)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    },
    {
      "form": "(tú)\nou (vos) pena\n pená",
      "ipas": [
        "[ˈpe.na]\n[peˈna]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Présent (forme affirmative)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    },
    {
      "form": "(usted) pene",
      "ipas": [
        "[ˈpe.ne]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Présent (forme affirmative)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    },
    {
      "form": "(nosostros-as) penemos",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈne.mos]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Présent (forme affirmative)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    },
    {
      "form": "(vosostros-as) penad",
      "ipas": [
        "[peˈnað]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Présent (forme affirmative)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    },
    {
      "form": "(ustedes) penen",
      "ipas": [
        "[ˈpe.nen]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Présent (forme affirmative)"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:espagnol/penar"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Espagnol",
  "lang_code": "es",
  "pos": "verb",
  "pos_title": "Verbe",
  "raw_tags": [
    "1ᵉʳ groupe"
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Endurer, souffrir, subir."
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Être triste (Mexique)."
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "\\peˈnaɾ\\"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1321 (spa)-Marreromarco-penar.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/85/LL-Q1321_(spa)-Marreromarco-penar.wav/LL-Q1321_(spa)-Marreromarco-penar.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/85/LL-Q1321_(spa)-Marreromarco-penar.wav/LL-Q1321_(spa)-Marreromarco-penar.wav.ogg",
      "wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1321 (spa)-Marreromarco-penar.wav"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "sufrir"
    },
    {
      "word": "aguantar"
    },
    {
      "word": "soportar"
    }
  ],
  "tags": [
    "intransitive",
    "transitive"
  ],
  "word": "penar"
}

Download raw JSONL data for penar meaning in Espagnol (18.2kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Espagnol dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-20 from the frwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (074e7de and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.