See by on Wiktionary
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{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lemmes en anglais",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lemmes en français",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mots ayant des homophones en français",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Noms communs en français",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Prépositions en anglais",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Français",
"orig": "français",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_texts": [
"(Date à préciser) Du néerlandais buis, « conduit »."
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "bys",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Français",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_id": "fr-nom-1",
"pos_title": "Nom commun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Fossé qui traverse un étang, aboutissant à sa bonde."
],
"id": "fr-by-fr-noun-Uk3UIcCa"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "\\bi\\"
},
{
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"raw_tags": [
"France (Nancy)"
],
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}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "by"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Adverbes en anglais",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lemmes en anglais",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Anglais",
"orig": "anglais",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"lang": "Anglais",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prep",
"pos_id": "en-prép-1",
"pos_title": "Préposition",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "I live by the sea.",
"translation": "J'habite au bord de la mer."
},
{
"text": "The museum is by the zoo.",
"translation": "Le musée est tout près du zoo."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Chez, parmi, tout près de, au bord de, sur."
],
"id": "fr-by-en-prep-cD~UMKPj"
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "The ball was caught by the goalkeeper.",
"translation": "Le ballon fut attrapé par le gardien."
},
{
"text": "By Jove! I think she’s got it!",
"translation": "Par Jupiter ! Je pense qu’elle a cela !"
},
{
"ref": "Samuel M. Katz, No Shadows in the Desert, 2020",
"text": "Al-Tanf was ravaged by weather and downright neglect."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Par (pour les phrases au passif et comme particule interjective)."
],
"id": "fr-by-en-prep-3SkEYJ58"
},
{
"glosses": [
"Au-delà de."
],
"id": "fr-by-en-prep-exSM9jPS"
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "By my reckoning, we should have arrived already.",
"translation": "Selon moi, on devrait être déjà arrivés."
}
],
"glosses": [
"D’après, selon."
],
"id": "fr-by-en-prep-gQXALqnp"
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "I arrived late by missing the bus.",
"translation": "Je suis arrivé en retard en ratant le bus."
}
],
"glosses": [
"En (avant une action)."
],
"id": "fr-by-en-prep-hkQoIESm"
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "My house is by the station.",
"translation": "Ma maison est près de la gare."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Près de, à (pour une situation)."
],
"id": "fr-by-en-prep-iCyvD49N"
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Two metres by three metres.",
"translation": "Deux mètres sur trois mètres."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Sur (pour mesurer)"
],
"id": "fr-by-en-prep-HeFkaV5E"
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "I want to see the report on my desk by tomorrow.",
"translation": "Je veux voir le rapport sur mon bureau d’ici demain."
},
{
"text": "I will call him by 5 p.m.",
"translation": "Je lui téléphonerai avant 5 heures de l’après-midi."
}
],
"glosses": [
"D’ici. Avant un instant, avant la fin d’une période."
],
"id": "fr-by-en-prep-PeQgOFwA",
"note": "Précise une action qui se complète avant l’heure indiquée. Pour une action qui continue jusqu’à l’heure indiquée, on emploie until"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "\\baɪ\\"
},
{
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"raw_tags": [
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},
{
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"ipa": "baɪ",
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"word": "by"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mots ayant des homophones en anglais",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Noms communs en danois",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Anglais",
"orig": "anglais",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "Positif"
},
{
"form": "Incomparable"
}
],
"lang": "Anglais",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adv",
"pos_id": "en-adv-1",
"pos_title": "Adverbe",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "He walked by without saying a word to me."
}
],
"glosses": [
"En passant (ellipse de by someone ou by something)."
],
"id": "fr-by-en-adv-wHNZ2eHR"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "En-us-by.ogg",
"ipa": "baɪ",
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"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/En-us-by.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"États-Unis (région ?)"
]
},
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"ipa": "baɪ",
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],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "past"
}
],
"word": "by"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Noms communs en norvégien",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Danois",
"orig": "danois",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "ferieby"
},
{
"word": "fiskerby"
},
{
"word": "kirkeby"
},
{
"word": "landsby"
},
{
"word": "nybyggerby"
},
{
"word": "soveby"
},
{
"word": "stationsby"
},
{
"word": "storby"
}
],
"etymology_texts": [
"Du vieux norrois bý (« ville »)."
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "Indéfini",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byer"
},
{
"form": "Défini",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byerne"
}
],
"lang": "Danois",
"lang_code": "da",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_id": "da-nom-1",
"pos_title": "Nom commun",
"related": [
{
"word": "borger"
},
{
"word": "indbygger"
},
{
"word": "plække"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Byen Longyear lange leve!",
"translation": "Que la ville de Longyear vive longtemps !"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Ville"
],
"id": "fr-by-da-noun-Dr0lo0Hq"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "\\byːˀ\\"
}
],
"tags": [
"common"
],
"word": "by"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Particules en slovaque",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Norvégien",
"orig": "norvégien",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_texts": [
"Du vieux norrois bý."
],
"lang": "Norvégien",
"lang_code": "no",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_id": "no-nom-1",
"pos_title": "Nom commun",
"related": [
{
"word": "bo"
},
{
"word": "bygd"
},
{
"word": "innbygger"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Byen Longyear lange leve!",
"translation": "Que la ville de Longyear vive longtemps !"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Ville"
],
"id": "fr-by-no-noun-Dr0lo0Hq"
}
],
"sounds": [
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],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "by"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Formes de verbes en tchèque",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Slovaque",
"orig": "slovaque",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"lang": "Slovaque",
"lang_code": "sk",
"pos": "particle",
"pos_id": "sk-part-1",
"pos_title": "Particule",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "chcel by som, mohli by sme, robil by si, bola by bývala",
"translation": "je voudrais, nous pourrions, tu ferais, elle aurait été"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Particule servant à former le conditionnel des verbes en l’ajoutant au passé."
],
"id": "fr-by-sk-particle-l7uC1OKb"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "\\bi\\"
}
],
"word": "by"
}
{
"categories": [
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"kind": "other",
"name": "Lemmes en suédois",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Noms communs en suédois",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tchèque",
"orig": "tchèque",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_texts": [
"De být."
],
"lang": "Tchèque",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "verb",
"pos_id": "cs-flex-verb-1",
"pos_title": "Forme de verbe",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Sert à former, avec l'ajout du participe passé, la troisième personne du singulier et du pluriel du conditionnel des verbes tchèques."
],
"id": "fr-by-cs-verb-ZsS-W9Ob"
}
],
"sounds": [
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},
{
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],
"tags": [
"form-of"
],
"word": "by"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Suédois",
"orig": "suédois",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "byig"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "byn",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byar",
"raw_tags": [
"Genre inconnu"
],
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byarna",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Suédois",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_id": "sv-nom-1",
"pos_title": "Nom commun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Village."
],
"id": "fr-by-sv-noun-t3JR6CNu"
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lexique en suédois de la météorologie",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Rafale, bourrasque."
],
"id": "fr-by-sv-noun-WeoMTsdJ",
"topics": [
"meteorology"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Sv-by.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2c/Sv-by.ogg/Sv-by.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Sv-by.ogg"
}
],
"tags": [
"common"
],
"word": "by"
}
{
"categories": [
"Adverbes en anglais",
"Lemmes en anglais",
"anglais"
],
"lang": "Anglais",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prep",
"pos_id": "en-prép-1",
"pos_title": "Préposition",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "I live by the sea.",
"translation": "J'habite au bord de la mer."
},
{
"text": "The museum is by the zoo.",
"translation": "Le musée est tout près du zoo."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Chez, parmi, tout près de, au bord de, sur."
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "The ball was caught by the goalkeeper.",
"translation": "Le ballon fut attrapé par le gardien."
},
{
"text": "By Jove! I think she’s got it!",
"translation": "Par Jupiter ! Je pense qu’elle a cela !"
},
{
"ref": "Samuel M. Katz, No Shadows in the Desert, 2020",
"text": "Al-Tanf was ravaged by weather and downright neglect."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Par (pour les phrases au passif et comme particule interjective)."
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Au-delà de."
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "By my reckoning, we should have arrived already.",
"translation": "Selon moi, on devrait être déjà arrivés."
}
],
"glosses": [
"D’après, selon."
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "I arrived late by missing the bus.",
"translation": "Je suis arrivé en retard en ratant le bus."
}
],
"glosses": [
"En (avant une action)."
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "My house is by the station.",
"translation": "Ma maison est près de la gare."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Près de, à (pour une situation)."
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Two metres by three metres.",
"translation": "Deux mètres sur trois mètres."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Sur (pour mesurer)"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "I want to see the report on my desk by tomorrow.",
"translation": "Je veux voir le rapport sur mon bureau d’ici demain."
},
{
"text": "I will call him by 5 p.m.",
"translation": "Je lui téléphonerai avant 5 heures de l’après-midi."
}
],
"glosses": [
"D’ici. Avant un instant, avant la fin d’une période."
],
"note": "Précise une action qui se complète avant l’heure indiquée. Pour une action qui continue jusqu’à l’heure indiquée, on emploie until"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "\\baɪ\\"
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{
"audio": "En-us-by.ogg",
"ipa": "baɪ",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c8/En-us-by.ogg/En-us-by.ogg.mp3",
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{
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{
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"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/48/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Samuel_Muldoon_(Muldoonsamuel55)-by.wav/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Samuel_Muldoon_(Muldoonsamuel55)-by.wav.mp3",
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"word": "by"
}
{
"categories": [
"Mots ayant des homophones en anglais",
"Noms communs en danois",
"anglais"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "Positif"
},
{
"form": "Incomparable"
}
],
"lang": "Anglais",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adv",
"pos_id": "en-adv-1",
"pos_title": "Adverbe",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "He walked by without saying a word to me."
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],
"glosses": [
"En passant (ellipse de by someone ou by something)."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "En-us-by.ogg",
"ipa": "baɪ",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c8/En-us-by.ogg/En-us-by.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/En-us-by.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
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{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Nattes à chat-by.wav",
"ipa": "baɪ",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/87/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Nattes_à_chat-by.wav/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Nattes_à_chat-by.wav.mp3",
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"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-by.wav",
"ipa": "baɪ",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/33/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Back_ache-by.wav/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Back_ache-by.wav.mp3",
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"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/70/LL-Q1860_(eng)-She_animates-by.wav/LL-Q1860_(eng)-She_animates-by.wav.mp3",
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"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-She animates-by.wav"
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"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/be/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Wodencafe-by.wav/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Wodencafe-by.wav.mp3",
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"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c0/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Grendelkhan-by.wav/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Grendelkhan-by.wav.mp3",
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"synonyms": [
{
"word": "past"
}
],
"word": "by"
}
{
"categories": [
"Noms communs en norvégien",
"danois"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "ferieby"
},
{
"word": "fiskerby"
},
{
"word": "kirkeby"
},
{
"word": "landsby"
},
{
"word": "nybyggerby"
},
{
"word": "soveby"
},
{
"word": "stationsby"
},
{
"word": "storby"
}
],
"etymology_texts": [
"Du vieux norrois bý (« ville »)."
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "Indéfini",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byer"
},
{
"form": "Défini",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byerne"
}
],
"lang": "Danois",
"lang_code": "da",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_id": "da-nom-1",
"pos_title": "Nom commun",
"related": [
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"word": "borger"
},
{
"word": "indbygger"
},
{
"word": "plække"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Byen Longyear lange leve!",
"translation": "Que la ville de Longyear vive longtemps !"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Ville"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "\\byːˀ\\"
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],
"tags": [
"common"
],
"word": "by"
}
{
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"Lemmes en anglais",
"Lemmes en français",
"Mots ayant des homophones en français",
"Noms communs en français",
"Prépositions en anglais",
"français"
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"etymology_texts": [
"(Date à préciser) Du néerlandais buis, « conduit »."
],
"forms": [
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"form": "bys",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
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"lang": "Français",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_id": "fr-nom-1",
"pos_title": "Nom commun",
"senses": [
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"glosses": [
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"sounds": [
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"tags": [
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"word": "by"
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{
"categories": [
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"norvégien"
],
"etymology_texts": [
"Du vieux norrois bý."
],
"lang": "Norvégien",
"lang_code": "no",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_id": "no-nom-1",
"pos_title": "Nom commun",
"related": [
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{
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{
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"senses": [
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"examples": [
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"text": "Byen Longyear lange leve!",
"translation": "Que la ville de Longyear vive longtemps !"
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"glosses": [
"Ville"
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}
],
"sounds": [
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"lang": "Slovaque",
"lang_code": "sk",
"pos": "particle",
"pos_id": "sk-part-1",
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"sounds": [
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"ipa": "\\bi\\"
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"word": "by"
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"derived": [
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"word": "byig"
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"forms": [
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"tags": [
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"singular"
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},
{
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"raw_tags": [
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"tags": [
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"plural"
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"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_id": "sv-nom-1",
"pos_title": "Nom commun",
"senses": [
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"glosses": [
"Village."
]
},
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"categories": [
"Lexique en suédois de la météorologie"
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"glosses": [
"Rafale, bourrasque."
],
"topics": [
"meteorology"
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"etymology_texts": [
"De být."
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"lang": "Tchèque",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "verb",
"pos_id": "cs-flex-verb-1",
"pos_title": "Forme de verbe",
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"word": "by"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-07-01 from the frwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-20 using wiktextract (e79c026 and b863ecc). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.