See 書く on Wiktionary
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Caractère 書 en japonais",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lexique en japonais de la littérature",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lexique en japonais de la peinture",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Verbes en japonais",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Verbes godan en japonais",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japonais",
"orig": "japonais",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_texts": [
"Composé de caractère chinois 書 et de かく du verbe japonais originel."
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "かく",
"tags": [
"hiragana"
]
},
{
"form": "kaku",
"tags": [
"transcription"
]
},
{
"form": "書く",
"hiragana": "かく",
"raw_tags": [
"L'inaccompli"
],
"roman": "kaku",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"base-form"
]
},
{
"form": "書か",
"hiragana": "かか",
"raw_tags": [
"Imperfectif (未然形, mizen-kei)"
],
"roman": "kaka",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"base-form"
]
},
{
"form": "書き",
"hiragana": "かき",
"raw_tags": [
"Continuatif (連用形, ren'yō-kei)"
],
"roman": "kaki",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"base-form"
]
},
{
"form": "書く",
"hiragana": "かく",
"raw_tags": [
"Conclusif (終止形, shūshi-kei)"
],
"roman": "kaku",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"base-form"
]
},
{
"form": "書く",
"hiragana": "かく",
"raw_tags": [
"Attributif (連体形, rentai-kei)"
],
"roman": "kaku",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"base-form"
]
},
{
"form": "書け",
"hiragana": "かけ",
"raw_tags": [
"Hypothétique (仮定形, katei-kei)"
],
"roman": "kake",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"base-form"
]
},
{
"form": "書け",
"hiragana": "かけ",
"raw_tags": [
"Impératif (命令形, meirei-kei)"
],
"roman": "kake",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"base-form"
]
},
{
"form": "書いて",
"hiragana": "かいて",
"raw_tags": [
"La Forme en -te"
],
"roman": "kaite",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"base-form"
]
},
{
"form": "書きます",
"hiragana": "かきます",
"raw_tags": [
"Clefs de constructions"
],
"roman": "kakimasu",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"present",
"future",
"polite",
"affirmative"
]
},
{
"form": "書きません",
"hiragana": "かきません",
"raw_tags": [
"Clefs de constructions"
],
"roman": "kakimasen",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"present",
"future",
"polite",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "書く",
"hiragana": "かく",
"raw_tags": [
"Clefs de constructions"
],
"roman": "kaku",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"present",
"future",
"neuter",
"affirmative"
]
},
{
"form": "書かない",
"hiragana": "かかない",
"raw_tags": [
"Clefs de constructions"
],
"roman": "kakanai",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"present",
"future",
"neuter",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "書きました",
"hiragana": "かきました",
"raw_tags": [
"Clefs de constructions"
],
"roman": "kakimashita",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"past",
"polite",
"affirmative"
]
},
{
"form": "書きませんでした",
"hiragana": "かきませんでした",
"raw_tags": [
"Clefs de constructions"
],
"roman": "kakimasen deshita",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"past",
"polite",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "書いた",
"hiragana": "かいた",
"raw_tags": [
"Clefs de constructions"
],
"roman": "kaita",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"past",
"neuter",
"affirmative"
]
},
{
"form": "書かなかった",
"hiragana": "かかなかった",
"raw_tags": [
"Clefs de constructions"
],
"roman": "kakanakatta",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"past",
"neuter",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "書くと",
"hiragana": "かくと",
"raw_tags": [
"Clefs de constructions",
"en to"
],
"roman": "kaku to",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "書いたら",
"hiragana": "かいたら",
"raw_tags": [
"Clefs de constructions",
"en -tara"
],
"roman": "kaitara",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "書けば",
"hiragana": "かけば",
"raw_tags": [
"Clefs de constructions",
"en -(e)ba"
],
"roman": "kakeba",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "書くなら",
"hiragana": "かくなら",
"raw_tags": [
"Clefs de constructions",
"en nara"
],
"roman": "kaku nara",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "書け",
"hiragana": "かけ",
"raw_tags": [
"Clefs de constructions",
"en -e (neutre)"
],
"roman": "kake",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"affirmative"
]
},
{
"form": "書くな",
"hiragana": "かくな",
"raw_tags": [
"Clefs de constructions",
"en -e (neutre)"
],
"roman": "kaku na",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "書きなさい",
"hiragana": "かきなさい",
"raw_tags": [
"Clefs de constructions",
"en -nasai (poli affirmatif)"
],
"roman": "kakinasai",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "書きなさるな",
"hiragana": "かきなさるな",
"raw_tags": [
"Clefs de constructions",
"en -nasaruna (poli négatif)"
],
"roman": "kakinasaruna",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "書いてください",
"hiragana": "かいてください",
"raw_tags": [
"Clefs de constructions",
"en -te kudasai"
],
"roman": "kaite kudasai",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"affirmative"
]
},
{
"form": "書かないでください",
"hiragana": "かかないでください",
"raw_tags": [
"Clefs de constructions",
"en -te kudasai"
],
"roman": "kakanaide kudasai",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "書きながら",
"hiragana": "かきながら",
"raw_tags": [
"Clefs de constructions"
],
"roman": "kakinagara",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"gerund"
]
},
{
"form": "書いている",
"hiragana": "かいている",
"raw_tags": [
"Clefs de constructions",
"Progressif\nen -te + いる ichidan (conjugaison)"
],
"roman": "kaite iru",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く"
},
{
"form": "書いたり",
"hiragana": "かいたり",
"raw_tags": [
"Clefs de constructions",
"Suspensif"
],
"roman": "kaitari",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "書いて",
"hiragana": "かいて",
"raw_tags": [
"Clefs de constructions",
"Suspensif"
],
"roman": "kaite",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "書きましょう",
"hiragana": "かきましょう",
"raw_tags": [
"Clefs de constructions",
"Conjectural/Volitif"
],
"roman": "kakimashō",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "書こう",
"hiragana": "かこう",
"raw_tags": [
"Clefs de constructions",
"Conjectural/Volitif"
],
"roman": "kakō",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "書きたい",
"hiragana": "かきたい",
"raw_tags": [
"Clefs de constructions",
"Désidératif adjectif variable (flexions)"
],
"roman": "kakitai",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く"
},
{
"form": "書かれる",
"hiragana": "かかれる",
"raw_tags": [
"Clefs de constructions",
"Passif ichidan (conjugaison)"
],
"roman": "kakareru",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く"
},
{
"form": "書かせる",
"hiragana": "かかせる",
"raw_tags": [
"Clefs de constructions",
"Factitif/Causatif ichidan (conjugaison)"
],
"roman": "kakaseru",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く"
},
{
"form": "書ける",
"hiragana": "かける",
"raw_tags": [
"Clefs de constructions",
"Potentiel ichidan (conjugaison)"
],
"roman": "kakeru",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く"
}
],
"lang": "Japonais",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"pos_title": "Verbe",
"raw_tags": [
"godan"
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Écrire, dessiner."
],
"id": "fr-書く-ja-verb-j1O7vpE1"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "\\ka.kɯ\\"
},
{
"ipa": "\\ka.kɯ\\"
}
],
"word": "書く"
}
{
"categories": [
"Caractère 書 en japonais",
"Lexique en japonais de la littérature",
"Lexique en japonais de la peinture",
"Verbes en japonais",
"Verbes godan en japonais",
"japonais"
],
"etymology_texts": [
"Composé de caractère chinois 書 et de かく du verbe japonais originel."
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "かく",
"tags": [
"hiragana"
]
},
{
"form": "kaku",
"tags": [
"transcription"
]
},
{
"form": "書く",
"hiragana": "かく",
"raw_tags": [
"L'inaccompli"
],
"roman": "kaku",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"base-form"
]
},
{
"form": "書か",
"hiragana": "かか",
"raw_tags": [
"Imperfectif (未然形, mizen-kei)"
],
"roman": "kaka",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"base-form"
]
},
{
"form": "書き",
"hiragana": "かき",
"raw_tags": [
"Continuatif (連用形, ren'yō-kei)"
],
"roman": "kaki",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"base-form"
]
},
{
"form": "書く",
"hiragana": "かく",
"raw_tags": [
"Conclusif (終止形, shūshi-kei)"
],
"roman": "kaku",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"base-form"
]
},
{
"form": "書く",
"hiragana": "かく",
"raw_tags": [
"Attributif (連体形, rentai-kei)"
],
"roman": "kaku",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"base-form"
]
},
{
"form": "書け",
"hiragana": "かけ",
"raw_tags": [
"Hypothétique (仮定形, katei-kei)"
],
"roman": "kake",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"base-form"
]
},
{
"form": "書け",
"hiragana": "かけ",
"raw_tags": [
"Impératif (命令形, meirei-kei)"
],
"roman": "kake",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"base-form"
]
},
{
"form": "書いて",
"hiragana": "かいて",
"raw_tags": [
"La Forme en -te"
],
"roman": "kaite",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"base-form"
]
},
{
"form": "書きます",
"hiragana": "かきます",
"raw_tags": [
"Clefs de constructions"
],
"roman": "kakimasu",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"present",
"future",
"polite",
"affirmative"
]
},
{
"form": "書きません",
"hiragana": "かきません",
"raw_tags": [
"Clefs de constructions"
],
"roman": "kakimasen",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"present",
"future",
"polite",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "書く",
"hiragana": "かく",
"raw_tags": [
"Clefs de constructions"
],
"roman": "kaku",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"present",
"future",
"neuter",
"affirmative"
]
},
{
"form": "書かない",
"hiragana": "かかない",
"raw_tags": [
"Clefs de constructions"
],
"roman": "kakanai",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"present",
"future",
"neuter",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "書きました",
"hiragana": "かきました",
"raw_tags": [
"Clefs de constructions"
],
"roman": "kakimashita",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"past",
"polite",
"affirmative"
]
},
{
"form": "書きませんでした",
"hiragana": "かきませんでした",
"raw_tags": [
"Clefs de constructions"
],
"roman": "kakimasen deshita",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"past",
"polite",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "書いた",
"hiragana": "かいた",
"raw_tags": [
"Clefs de constructions"
],
"roman": "kaita",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"past",
"neuter",
"affirmative"
]
},
{
"form": "書かなかった",
"hiragana": "かかなかった",
"raw_tags": [
"Clefs de constructions"
],
"roman": "kakanakatta",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"past",
"neuter",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "書くと",
"hiragana": "かくと",
"raw_tags": [
"Clefs de constructions",
"en to"
],
"roman": "kaku to",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "書いたら",
"hiragana": "かいたら",
"raw_tags": [
"Clefs de constructions",
"en -tara"
],
"roman": "kaitara",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "書けば",
"hiragana": "かけば",
"raw_tags": [
"Clefs de constructions",
"en -(e)ba"
],
"roman": "kakeba",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "書くなら",
"hiragana": "かくなら",
"raw_tags": [
"Clefs de constructions",
"en nara"
],
"roman": "kaku nara",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "書け",
"hiragana": "かけ",
"raw_tags": [
"Clefs de constructions",
"en -e (neutre)"
],
"roman": "kake",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"affirmative"
]
},
{
"form": "書くな",
"hiragana": "かくな",
"raw_tags": [
"Clefs de constructions",
"en -e (neutre)"
],
"roman": "kaku na",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "書きなさい",
"hiragana": "かきなさい",
"raw_tags": [
"Clefs de constructions",
"en -nasai (poli affirmatif)"
],
"roman": "kakinasai",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "書きなさるな",
"hiragana": "かきなさるな",
"raw_tags": [
"Clefs de constructions",
"en -nasaruna (poli négatif)"
],
"roman": "kakinasaruna",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "書いてください",
"hiragana": "かいてください",
"raw_tags": [
"Clefs de constructions",
"en -te kudasai"
],
"roman": "kaite kudasai",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"affirmative"
]
},
{
"form": "書かないでください",
"hiragana": "かかないでください",
"raw_tags": [
"Clefs de constructions",
"en -te kudasai"
],
"roman": "kakanaide kudasai",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "書きながら",
"hiragana": "かきながら",
"raw_tags": [
"Clefs de constructions"
],
"roman": "kakinagara",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"gerund"
]
},
{
"form": "書いている",
"hiragana": "かいている",
"raw_tags": [
"Clefs de constructions",
"Progressif\nen -te + いる ichidan (conjugaison)"
],
"roman": "kaite iru",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く"
},
{
"form": "書いたり",
"hiragana": "かいたり",
"raw_tags": [
"Clefs de constructions",
"Suspensif"
],
"roman": "kaitari",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "書いて",
"hiragana": "かいて",
"raw_tags": [
"Clefs de constructions",
"Suspensif"
],
"roman": "kaite",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "書きましょう",
"hiragana": "かきましょう",
"raw_tags": [
"Clefs de constructions",
"Conjectural/Volitif"
],
"roman": "kakimashō",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "書こう",
"hiragana": "かこう",
"raw_tags": [
"Clefs de constructions",
"Conjectural/Volitif"
],
"roman": "kakō",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く",
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "書きたい",
"hiragana": "かきたい",
"raw_tags": [
"Clefs de constructions",
"Désidératif adjectif variable (flexions)"
],
"roman": "kakitai",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く"
},
{
"form": "書かれる",
"hiragana": "かかれる",
"raw_tags": [
"Clefs de constructions",
"Passif ichidan (conjugaison)"
],
"roman": "kakareru",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く"
},
{
"form": "書かせる",
"hiragana": "かかせる",
"raw_tags": [
"Clefs de constructions",
"Factitif/Causatif ichidan (conjugaison)"
],
"roman": "kakaseru",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く"
},
{
"form": "書ける",
"hiragana": "かける",
"raw_tags": [
"Clefs de constructions",
"Potentiel ichidan (conjugaison)"
],
"roman": "kakeru",
"source": "Conjugaison:japonais/書く"
}
],
"lang": "Japonais",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"pos_title": "Verbe",
"raw_tags": [
"godan"
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Écrire, dessiner."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "\\ka.kɯ\\"
},
{
"ipa": "\\ka.kɯ\\"
}
],
"word": "書く"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 書く meaning in All languages combined (7.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-05 from the frwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (b81b832 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.