"a-" meaning in Zulu

See a- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Prefix

Forms: á- [canonical], ká- [medial]
Etymology: From Proto-Bantu *à-. Etymology templates: {{inh|zu|bnt-pro|*à-}} Proto-Bantu *à- Head templates: {{head|zu|prefix|medial|ká-|cat2=subject concords|head=á-}} á- (medial ká-)
  1. he, she, it; class 1 subject concord, used in the subjunctive and potential mood. Tags: morpheme Related terms: u- (english: in other cases)
    Sense id: en-a--zu-prefix-ADwomZSY Categories (other): Zulu subject concords Disambiguation of Zulu subject concords: 51 49
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Prefix

Forms: á- [canonical], wá- [medial]
Etymology: From Proto-Bantu *gá-. Etymology templates: {{inh|zu|bnt-pro|*gá-}} Proto-Bantu *gá- Head templates: {{head|zu|prefix|medial|wá-|cat2=subject concords|head=á-}} á- (medial wá-)
  1. they; class 6 subject concord. Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-a--zu-prefix-puFBbSU3 Categories (other): Zulu subject concords Disambiguation of Zulu subject concords: 51 49
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Prefix

Etymology: From Proto-Bantu *gáá-. Etymology templates: {{inh|zu|bnt-pro|*gáá-}} Proto-Bantu *gáá- Head templates: {{head|zu|prefix|cat2=possessive concords}} a-
  1. of; class 6 possessive concord. Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-a--zu-prefix-V-xRapxK Categories (other): Zulu possessive concords
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 3

Prefix

Forms: ā́- [canonical]
Etymology: Originally a reduced form of la- (“general demonstrative”). Compare Swazi relative forms such as lesi-, which still keep the initial l-. Head templates: {{head|zu|prefix|head=ā́-}} ā́-
  1. Used to form relative clauses. Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-a--zu-prefix-4y2UtZaZ Categories (other): Zulu entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Zulu entries with incorrect language header: 26 3 2 41 2 20 6
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 4

Prefix

Forms: ā́- [canonical]
Etymology: From a- (“relative”) + a- (“class 6”). Etymology templates: {{affix|zu|a-|a-|t1=relative|t2=class 6}} a- (“relative”) + a- (“class 6”) Head templates: {{head|zu|prefix|cat2=relative concords|head=ā́-}} ā́-
  1. Class 6 relative concord. Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-a--zu-prefix-HfprQnPg Categories (other): Zulu relative concords, Zulu terms prefixed with a-
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 5

Prefix

Etymology: From Proto-Bantu *nkà-. Etymology templates: {{inh|zu|bnt-pro|*nkà-}} Proto-Bantu *nkà- Head templates: {{head|zu|prefix|cat2=verb prefixes}} a-
  1. not Tags: morpheme Synonyms: ka-
    Sense id: en-a--zu-prefix-JUu5e1fx
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 6

Prefix

Head templates: {{head|zu|prefix}} a-
  1. Alternative form of ma- (hortative) Tags: alt-of, alternative, morpheme Alternative form of: ma- (extra: hortative)
    Sense id: en-a--zu-prefix-SHqdmAl8
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 7
{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zu",
        "2": "bnt-pro",
        "3": "*à-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Bantu *à-",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Bantu *à-.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "á-",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ká-",
      "tags": [
        "medial"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zu",
        "2": "prefix",
        "3": "medial",
        "4": "ká-",
        "cat2": "subject concords",
        "head": "á-"
      },
      "expansion": "á- (medial ká-)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Zulu",
  "lang_code": "zu",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "51 49",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Zulu subject concords",
          "parents": [
            "Subject concords",
            "Concords",
            "Prefixes",
            "Morphemes",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "he, she, it; class 1 subject concord, used in the subjunctive and potential mood."
      ],
      "id": "en-a--zu-prefix-ADwomZSY",
      "links": [
        [
          "he",
          "he"
        ],
        [
          "she",
          "she"
        ],
        [
          "it",
          "it"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "english": "in other cases",
          "word": "u-"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "a-"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zu",
        "2": "bnt-pro",
        "3": "*gá-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Bantu *gá-",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Bantu *gá-.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "á-",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wá-",
      "tags": [
        "medial"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zu",
        "2": "prefix",
        "3": "medial",
        "4": "wá-",
        "cat2": "subject concords",
        "head": "á-"
      },
      "expansion": "á- (medial wá-)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Zulu",
  "lang_code": "zu",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "51 49",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Zulu subject concords",
          "parents": [
            "Subject concords",
            "Concords",
            "Prefixes",
            "Morphemes",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "they; class 6 subject concord."
      ],
      "id": "en-a--zu-prefix-puFBbSU3",
      "links": [
        [
          "they",
          "they"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "a-"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zu",
        "2": "bnt-pro",
        "3": "*gáá-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Bantu *gáá-",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Bantu *gáá-.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zu",
        "2": "prefix",
        "cat2": "possessive concords"
      },
      "expansion": "a-",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Zulu",
  "lang_code": "zu",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Zulu possessive concords",
          "parents": [
            "Possessive concords",
            "Concords",
            "Prefixes",
            "Morphemes",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "of; class 6 possessive concord."
      ],
      "id": "en-a--zu-prefix-V-xRapxK",
      "links": [
        [
          "of",
          "of"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "a-"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 4,
  "etymology_text": "Originally a reduced form of la- (“general demonstrative”). Compare Swazi relative forms such as lesi-, which still keep the initial l-.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ā́-",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zu",
        "2": "prefix",
        "head": "ā́-"
      },
      "expansion": "ā́-",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Zulu",
  "lang_code": "zu",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "26 3 2 41 2 20 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Zulu entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used to form relative clauses."
      ],
      "id": "en-a--zu-prefix-4y2UtZaZ",
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "a-"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 5,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zu",
        "2": "a-",
        "3": "a-",
        "t1": "relative",
        "t2": "class 6"
      },
      "expansion": "a- (“relative”) + a- (“class 6”)",
      "name": "affix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From a- (“relative”) + a- (“class 6”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ā́-",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zu",
        "2": "prefix",
        "cat2": "relative concords",
        "head": "ā́-"
      },
      "expansion": "ā́-",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Zulu",
  "lang_code": "zu",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Zulu relative concords",
          "parents": [
            "Relative concords",
            "Concords",
            "Prefixes",
            "Morphemes",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Zulu terms prefixed with a-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Class 6 relative concord."
      ],
      "id": "en-a--zu-prefix-HfprQnPg",
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "a-"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 6,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zu",
        "2": "bnt-pro",
        "3": "*nkà-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Bantu *nkà-",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Bantu *nkà-.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zu",
        "2": "prefix",
        "cat2": "verb prefixes"
      },
      "expansion": "a-",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Zulu",
  "lang_code": "zu",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "not"
      ],
      "id": "en-a--zu-prefix-JUu5e1fx",
      "links": [
        [
          "not",
          "not"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "ka-"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "a-"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 7,
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zu",
        "2": "prefix"
      },
      "expansion": "a-",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Zulu",
  "lang_code": "zu",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "hortative",
          "word": "ma-"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of ma- (hortative)"
      ],
      "id": "en-a--zu-prefix-SHqdmAl8",
      "links": [
        [
          "ma-",
          "ma-#Zulu"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "a-"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 47 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Zulu entries with incorrect language header",
    "Zulu lemmas",
    "Zulu prefixes",
    "Zulu subject concords",
    "Zulu terms derived from Proto-Bantu",
    "Zulu terms inherited from Proto-Bantu"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zu",
        "2": "bnt-pro",
        "3": "*à-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Bantu *à-",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Bantu *à-.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "á-",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ká-",
      "tags": [
        "medial"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zu",
        "2": "prefix",
        "3": "medial",
        "4": "ká-",
        "cat2": "subject concords",
        "head": "á-"
      },
      "expansion": "á- (medial ká-)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Zulu",
  "lang_code": "zu",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "related": [
    {
      "english": "in other cases",
      "word": "u-"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "he, she, it; class 1 subject concord, used in the subjunctive and potential mood."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "he",
          "he"
        ],
        [
          "she",
          "she"
        ],
        [
          "it",
          "it"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "a-"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 47 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Zulu entries with incorrect language header",
    "Zulu lemmas",
    "Zulu prefixes",
    "Zulu subject concords",
    "Zulu terms derived from Proto-Bantu",
    "Zulu terms inherited from Proto-Bantu"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zu",
        "2": "bnt-pro",
        "3": "*gá-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Bantu *gá-",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Bantu *gá-.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "á-",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wá-",
      "tags": [
        "medial"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zu",
        "2": "prefix",
        "3": "medial",
        "4": "wá-",
        "cat2": "subject concords",
        "head": "á-"
      },
      "expansion": "á- (medial wá-)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Zulu",
  "lang_code": "zu",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "they; class 6 subject concord."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "they",
          "they"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "a-"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 47 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Zulu entries with incorrect language header",
    "Zulu lemmas",
    "Zulu possessive concords",
    "Zulu prefixes",
    "Zulu terms derived from Proto-Bantu",
    "Zulu terms inherited from Proto-Bantu"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zu",
        "2": "bnt-pro",
        "3": "*gáá-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Bantu *gáá-",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Bantu *gáá-.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zu",
        "2": "prefix",
        "cat2": "possessive concords"
      },
      "expansion": "a-",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Zulu",
  "lang_code": "zu",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "of; class 6 possessive concord."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "of",
          "of"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "a-"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 47 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Zulu entries with incorrect language header",
    "Zulu lemmas",
    "Zulu prefixes"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 4,
  "etymology_text": "Originally a reduced form of la- (“general demonstrative”). Compare Swazi relative forms such as lesi-, which still keep the initial l-.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ā́-",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zu",
        "2": "prefix",
        "head": "ā́-"
      },
      "expansion": "ā́-",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Zulu",
  "lang_code": "zu",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Used to form relative clauses."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "a-"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 47 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Zulu entries with incorrect language header",
    "Zulu lemmas",
    "Zulu prefixes",
    "Zulu relative concords",
    "Zulu terms prefixed with a-"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 5,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zu",
        "2": "a-",
        "3": "a-",
        "t1": "relative",
        "t2": "class 6"
      },
      "expansion": "a- (“relative”) + a- (“class 6”)",
      "name": "affix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From a- (“relative”) + a- (“class 6”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ā́-",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zu",
        "2": "prefix",
        "cat2": "relative concords",
        "head": "ā́-"
      },
      "expansion": "ā́-",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Zulu",
  "lang_code": "zu",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Class 6 relative concord."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "a-"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 47 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Zulu entries with incorrect language header",
    "Zulu lemmas",
    "Zulu prefixes",
    "Zulu terms derived from Proto-Bantu",
    "Zulu terms inherited from Proto-Bantu",
    "Zulu verb prefixes"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 6,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zu",
        "2": "bnt-pro",
        "3": "*nkà-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Bantu *nkà-",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Bantu *nkà-.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zu",
        "2": "prefix",
        "cat2": "verb prefixes"
      },
      "expansion": "a-",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Zulu",
  "lang_code": "zu",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "not"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "not",
          "not"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "ka-"
    }
  ],
  "word": "a-"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 47 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Zulu entries with incorrect language header",
    "Zulu lemmas",
    "Zulu prefixes"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 7,
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zu",
        "2": "prefix"
      },
      "expansion": "a-",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Zulu",
  "lang_code": "zu",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "hortative",
          "word": "ma-"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of ma- (hortative)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ma-",
          "ma-#Zulu"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "a-"
}

Download raw JSONL data for a- meaning in Zulu (5.2kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Zulu dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-11-21 using wiktextract (95d2be1 and 64224ec). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.