"gau" meaning in Welsh

See gau in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

Rhymes: -aɨ̯ Etymology: From Proto-Celtic *gāwā (“falsehood, lie”), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *gʰeH₂u- (“to be faulty, at fault, lacking”). Cognate with Cornish gow, Breton gaou; outside of Celtic, compare Latin haud (“scarcely, hardly”), Avestan 𐬔𐬀𐬎 (gau, “to commit a sin; to promote”). Etymology templates: {{der|cy|cel-pro|*gāwā|t=falsehood, lie}} Proto-Celtic *gāwā (“falsehood, lie”), {{der|cy|ine-pro|*gʰeH₂u-|t=to be faulty, at fault, lacking}} Proto-Indo-European *gʰeH₂u- (“to be faulty, at fault, lacking”), {{cog|kw|gow}} Cornish gow, {{cog|br|gaou}} Breton gaou, {{cog|la|haud|t=scarcely, hardly}} Latin haud (“scarcely, hardly”), {{cog|ae|𐬔𐬀𐬎|t=to commit a sin; to promote}} Avestan 𐬔𐬀𐬎 (gau, “to commit a sin; to promote”) Head templates: {{cy-adj|ach|pl=geuon|stem=geu}} gau (feminine singular gau, plural geuon, equative geued, comparative geuach, superlative geuaf) Inflection templates: {{cy-mut}} Forms: gau [feminine, singular], geuon [plural], geued [equative], geuach [comparative], geuaf [superlative], no-table-tags [table-tags], gau [error-unrecognized-form], au [soft], ngau [error-unrecognized-form]
  1. false, fake Synonyms: ffals Derived forms: euog (english: guilty)
    Sense id: en-gau-cy-adj-P7difvcR
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Verb

Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], cau [error-unrecognized-form], gau [soft], nghau [error-unrecognized-form], chau [error-unrecognized-form]
Rhymes: -aɨ̯ Etymology: Mutated form of cau (“to close”). Head templates: {{head|cy|mutated verb}} gau Inflection templates: {{cy-mut|cau}}
  1. Soft mutation of cau. Tags: form-of, mutation-soft Form of: cau
    Sense id: en-gau-cy-verb-GYkdFVxP Categories (other): West Frisian entries with incorrect language header, Welsh entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of West Frisian entries with incorrect language header: 7 12 12 1 6 9 8 6 7 7 0 2 0 6 2 1 12 0 1 Disambiguation of Welsh entries with incorrect language header: 1 99
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2
{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*gāwā",
        "t": "falsehood, lie"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *gāwā (“falsehood, lie”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gʰeH₂u-",
        "t": "to be faulty, at fault, lacking"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰeH₂u- (“to be faulty, at fault, lacking”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kw",
        "2": "gow"
      },
      "expansion": "Cornish gow",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "br",
        "2": "gaou"
      },
      "expansion": "Breton gaou",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "haud",
        "t": "scarcely, hardly"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin haud (“scarcely, hardly”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ae",
        "2": "𐬔𐬀𐬎",
        "t": "to commit a sin; to promote"
      },
      "expansion": "Avestan 𐬔𐬀𐬎 (gau, “to commit a sin; to promote”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *gāwā (“falsehood, lie”), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *gʰeH₂u- (“to be faulty, at fault, lacking”). Cognate with Cornish gow, Breton gaou; outside of Celtic, compare Latin haud (“scarcely, hardly”), Avestan 𐬔𐬀𐬎 (gau, “to commit a sin; to promote”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "gau",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "geuon",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "geued",
      "tags": [
        "equative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "geuach",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "geuaf",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cy-mut",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gau",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "au",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "soft"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ngau",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ach",
        "pl": "geuon",
        "stem": "geu"
      },
      "expansion": "gau (feminine singular gau, plural geuon, equative geued, comparative geuach, superlative geuaf)",
      "name": "cy-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "cy-mut"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Welsh",
  "lang_code": "cy",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "derived": [
        {
          "english": "guilty",
          "word": "euog"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "false, fake"
      ],
      "id": "en-gau-cy-adj-P7difvcR",
      "links": [
        [
          "false",
          "false"
        ],
        [
          "fake",
          "fake"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "ffals"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "rhymes": "-aɨ̯"
    }
  ],
  "word": "gau"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_text": "Mutated form of cau (“to close”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cy-mut",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cau",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gau",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "soft"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nghau",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chau",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "mutated verb"
      },
      "expansion": "gau",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cau"
      },
      "name": "cy-mut"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Welsh",
  "lang_code": "cy",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "7 12 12 1 6 9 8 6 7 7 0 2 0 6 2 1 12 0 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "West Frisian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "1 99",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "cau"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Soft mutation of cau."
      ],
      "id": "en-gau-cy-verb-GYkdFVxP",
      "links": [
        [
          "cau",
          "cau#Welsh"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "mutation-soft"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "rhymes": "-aɨ̯"
    }
  ],
  "word": "gau"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 11 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:Welsh/aɨ̯",
    "Rhymes:Welsh/aɨ̯/1 syllable",
    "Welsh adjectives",
    "Welsh adjectives with red links in their headword lines",
    "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
    "Welsh lemmas",
    "Welsh mutated verbs",
    "Welsh non-lemma forms",
    "Welsh terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
    "Welsh terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "West Frisian adverbs",
    "West Frisian entries with incorrect language header",
    "West Frisian lemmas",
    "West Frisian terms derived from Old Frisian",
    "West Frisian terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "West Frisian terms inherited from Old Frisian",
    "West Frisian terms inherited from Proto-Germanic"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "english": "guilty",
      "word": "euog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*gāwā",
        "t": "falsehood, lie"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *gāwā (“falsehood, lie”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gʰeH₂u-",
        "t": "to be faulty, at fault, lacking"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰeH₂u- (“to be faulty, at fault, lacking”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kw",
        "2": "gow"
      },
      "expansion": "Cornish gow",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "br",
        "2": "gaou"
      },
      "expansion": "Breton gaou",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "haud",
        "t": "scarcely, hardly"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin haud (“scarcely, hardly”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ae",
        "2": "𐬔𐬀𐬎",
        "t": "to commit a sin; to promote"
      },
      "expansion": "Avestan 𐬔𐬀𐬎 (gau, “to commit a sin; to promote”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *gāwā (“falsehood, lie”), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *gʰeH₂u- (“to be faulty, at fault, lacking”). Cognate with Cornish gow, Breton gaou; outside of Celtic, compare Latin haud (“scarcely, hardly”), Avestan 𐬔𐬀𐬎 (gau, “to commit a sin; to promote”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "gau",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "geuon",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "geued",
      "tags": [
        "equative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "geuach",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "geuaf",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cy-mut",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gau",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "au",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "soft"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ngau",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ach",
        "pl": "geuon",
        "stem": "geu"
      },
      "expansion": "gau (feminine singular gau, plural geuon, equative geued, comparative geuach, superlative geuaf)",
      "name": "cy-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "cy-mut"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Welsh",
  "lang_code": "cy",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "false, fake"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "false",
          "false"
        ],
        [
          "fake",
          "fake"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "ffals"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "rhymes": "-aɨ̯"
    }
  ],
  "word": "gau"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 11 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:Welsh/aɨ̯",
    "Rhymes:Welsh/aɨ̯/1 syllable",
    "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
    "Welsh mutated verbs",
    "Welsh non-lemma forms",
    "West Frisian adverbs",
    "West Frisian entries with incorrect language header",
    "West Frisian lemmas",
    "West Frisian terms derived from Old Frisian",
    "West Frisian terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "West Frisian terms inherited from Old Frisian",
    "West Frisian terms inherited from Proto-Germanic"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_text": "Mutated form of cau (“to close”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cy-mut",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cau",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gau",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "soft"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nghau",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chau",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "mutated verb"
      },
      "expansion": "gau",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cau"
      },
      "name": "cy-mut"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Welsh",
  "lang_code": "cy",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Welsh soft-mutation forms"
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "cau"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Soft mutation of cau."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cau",
          "cau#Welsh"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "mutation-soft"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "rhymes": "-aɨ̯"
    }
  ],
  "word": "gau"
}

Download raw JSONL data for gau meaning in Welsh (4.4kB)

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: gau/Welsh 'radical' base_tags=set()",
  "path": [
    "gau"
  ],
  "section": "Welsh",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "gau",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: gau/Welsh 'nasal' base_tags={'soft', 'error-unrecognized-form'}",
  "path": [
    "gau"
  ],
  "section": "Welsh",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "gau",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: gau/Welsh 'aspirate' base_tags={'soft', 'error-unrecognized-form'}",
  "path": [
    "gau"
  ],
  "section": "Welsh",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "gau",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: gau/Welsh 'radical' base_tags=set()",
  "path": [
    "gau"
  ],
  "section": "Welsh",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "gau",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: gau/Welsh 'nasal' base_tags={'soft', 'error-unrecognized-form'}",
  "path": [
    "gau"
  ],
  "section": "Welsh",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "gau",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: gau/Welsh 'aspirate' base_tags={'soft', 'error-unrecognized-form'}",
  "path": [
    "gau"
  ],
  "section": "Welsh",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "gau",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Welsh dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-21 using wiktextract (fef8596 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.