ardd in Welsh

IPA: /arð/ [North-Wales], /aːrð/ [North-Wales], /arð/ [South-Wales] Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], ardd [error-unrecognized-form], hardd [prothesis-h] [Show additional information ▼] [Hide additional information ▲]

Etymology: From Middle Welsh arð, from Proto-Brythonic *arð, from Proto-Celtic *ardwos (compare Irish ard), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃erdʰwós, from *h₃erdʰ-. Cognate with Latin arduus (“high; difficult”) and Ancient Greek ὀρθός (orthós, “upright, straight”). Etymology templates: {{inh|cy|wlm|arð}} Middle Welsh arð, {{der|cy|cel-bry-pro|*arð}} Proto-Brythonic *arð, {{der|cy|cel-pro|*ardwos}} Proto-Celtic *ardwos, {{cog|ga|ard}} Irish ard, {{der|cy|ine-pro|*h₃erdʰwós}} Proto-Indo-European *h₃erdʰwós, {{cog|la|arduus||high; difficult}} Latin arduus (“high; difficult”), {{cog|grc|ὀρθός||upright, straight}} Ancient Greek ὀρθός (orthós, “upright, straight”) Head templates: {{cy-noun}} ardd Inflection templates: {{cy-mut}}

Noun

[Show JSON for postprocessed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▼] [Hide JSON for postprocessed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▲]

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "wlm",
        "3": "arð"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Welsh arð",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "cel-bry-pro",
        "3": "*arð"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *arð",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*ardwos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *ardwos",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "ard"
      },
      "expansion": "Irish ard",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₃erdʰwós"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₃erdʰwós",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "arduus",
        "3": "",
        "4": "high; difficult"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin arduus (“high; difficult”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ὀρθός",
        "3": "",
        "4": "upright, straight"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ὀρθός (orthós, “upright, straight”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Welsh arð, from Proto-Brythonic *arð, from Proto-Celtic *ardwos (compare Irish ard), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃erdʰwós, from *h₃erdʰ-. Cognate with Latin arduus (“high; difficult”) and Ancient Greek ὀρθός (orthós, “upright, straight”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cy-mut",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ardd",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardd",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "prothesis-h"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "ardd",
      "name": "cy-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "cy-mut"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Welsh",
  "lang_code": "cy",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "cyfartal"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hill, upland"
      ],
      "id": "en-ardd-cy-noun-JgaIef-j",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) hill, upland"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/arð/",
      "tags": [
        "North-Wales"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/aːrð/",
      "tags": [
        "North-Wales"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/arð/",
      "tags": [
        "South-Wales"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ardd"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cy-mut",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gardd",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ardd",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "soft"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ngardd",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "mutated noun"
      },
      "expansion": "ardd",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gardd"
      },
      "name": "cy-mut"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Welsh",
  "lang_code": "cy",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "2 98",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 98",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 98",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "extra": "garden",
          "word": "gardd"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Soft mutation of gardd (“garden”)."
      ],
      "id": "en-ardd-cy-noun-1gRuMQ6f",
      "links": [
        [
          "gardd",
          "gardd#Welsh"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "mutation-soft"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/arð/",
      "tags": [
        "North-Wales"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/aːrð/",
      "tags": [
        "North-Wales"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/arð/",
      "tags": [
        "South-Wales"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ardd"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Welsh countable nouns",
    "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
    "Welsh lemmas",
    "Welsh mutated nouns",
    "Welsh non-lemma forms",
    "Welsh nouns",
    "Welsh terms derived from Middle Welsh",
    "Welsh terms derived from Proto-Brythonic",
    "Welsh terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
    "Welsh terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Welsh terms inherited from Middle Welsh"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "cyfartal"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "wlm",
        "3": "arð"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Welsh arð",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "cel-bry-pro",
        "3": "*arð"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *arð",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*ardwos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *ardwos",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "ard"
      },
      "expansion": "Irish ard",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₃erdʰwós"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₃erdʰwós",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "arduus",
        "3": "",
        "4": "high; difficult"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin arduus (“high; difficult”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ὀρθός",
        "3": "",
        "4": "upright, straight"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ὀρθός (orthós, “upright, straight”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Welsh arð, from Proto-Brythonic *arð, from Proto-Celtic *ardwos (compare Irish ard), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃erdʰwós, from *h₃erdʰ-. Cognate with Latin arduus (“high; difficult”) and Ancient Greek ὀρθός (orthós, “upright, straight”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cy-mut",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ardd",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardd",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "prothesis-h"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "ardd",
      "name": "cy-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "cy-mut"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Welsh",
  "lang_code": "cy",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Welsh terms with archaic senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hill, upland"
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) hill, upland"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/arð/",
      "tags": [
        "North-Wales"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/aːrð/",
      "tags": [
        "North-Wales"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/arð/",
      "tags": [
        "South-Wales"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ardd"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
    "Welsh mutated nouns",
    "Welsh non-lemma forms"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cy-mut",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gardd",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ardd",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "soft"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ngardd",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "mutated noun"
      },
      "expansion": "ardd",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gardd"
      },
      "name": "cy-mut"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Welsh",
  "lang_code": "cy",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Welsh soft-mutation forms"
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "extra": "garden",
          "word": "gardd"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Soft mutation of gardd (“garden”)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "gardd",
          "gardd#Welsh"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "mutation-soft"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/arð/",
      "tags": [
        "North-Wales"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/aːrð/",
      "tags": [
        "North-Wales"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/arð/",
      "tags": [
        "South-Wales"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ardd"
}

[Show JSON error data ▼] [Hide JSON error data ▲]

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: ardd/Welsh 'radical' base_tags=set()",
  "path": [
    "ardd"
  ],
  "section": "Welsh",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "ardd",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: ardd/Welsh 'nasal' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'soft'}",
  "path": [
    "ardd"
  ],
  "section": "Welsh",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "ardd",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: ardd/Welsh 'radical' base_tags=set()",
  "path": [
    "ardd"
  ],
  "section": "Welsh",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "ardd",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: ardd/Welsh 'nasal' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'soft'}",
  "path": [
    "ardd"
  ],
  "section": "Welsh",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "ardd",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: ardd/Welsh 'aspirate' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'soft'}",
  "path": [
    "ardd"
  ],
  "section": "Welsh",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "ardd",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Welsh dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"ardd" meaning in Welsh

Noun

Noun