"تم" meaning in Urdu

See تم in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Determiner

IPA: /t̪ʊm/ [Standard, Urdu]
Etymology: Inherited from Sauraseni Apabhramsa तुम्हि (tumhi), from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀢𑀼𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂 (tumhe), from Sanskrit युष्मान् (yuṣmān, acc. pl.) adopting the initial sounds of त्वम् (tvám, nom. sg.). Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|ur|inc-sap|तुम्हि|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=tumhi|ts=}} Sauraseni Apabhramsa तुम्हि (tumhi), {{inh+|ur|inc-sap|तुम्हि|tr=tumhi}} Inherited from Sauraseni Apabhramsa तुम्हि (tumhi), {{inh|ur|pra-sau|𑀢𑀼𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂}} Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀢𑀼𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂 (tumhe), {{inh|ur|sa|युष्मान्||pos=acc. pl.}} Sanskrit युष्मान् (yuṣmān, acc. pl.), {{m|sa|त्वम्|pos=nom. sg.|tr=tvám}} त्वम् (tvám, nom. sg.) Head templates: {{head|ur|determiner|Hindi spelling|तुम|head=تُم}} تُم • (tum) (Hindi spelling तुम) Inflection templates: {{ur-decl-pronoun|تم|tum|تم|tum|تم نے|tum-ne|تمھارا|tumhārā|تمھیں|tumhẽ}} Forms: تُم [canonical], tum [romanization], तुम [Hindi], no-table-tags [table-tags], تم [direct], تم [indirect], تم نے [ergative], تمھارا [genitive], تمھیں (tumhẽ) [error-unrecognized-form], تم کو [error-unrecognized-form]
  1. The individual or group spoken or written to; you, ye, Early Modern English ye.
    Sense id: en-تم-ur-det-88BsVxga Categories (other): Urdu determiners, Urdu entries with incorrect language header, Urdu terms in nonstandard scripts Disambiguation of Urdu determiners: 49 51 Disambiguation of Urdu entries with incorrect language header: 50 50 Disambiguation of Urdu terms in nonstandard scripts: 49 51 Related terms: آپ (āp) [formal], polite, grammatically plural, تُو (tū) [informal], intimate, contemptuous, possibly vulgar, grammatically singular, مَیں (ma͠i), مُجھ (mujh), مَیں نے (ma͠i ne), مُجھ کو (mujh ko), مُجھے (mujhe), خَاکْسَار (xāksār), خَاکْسَار نے (xāksār ne), خَاکْسَار کو (xāksār ko), ہَم (english: ham), ہَم نے (english: ham ne), ہَم کو (ham ko), ہَمیں (hamẽ), تُو (tū), تُجھ (tujh), تُو نے (tū ne), تُجھ کو (tujh ko), تُجھے (tujhe), تُم (tum), تُم نے (tum ne), تُم کو (tum ko), تُمْہیں (tumhẽ), آپ (āp), آپ نے (āp ne), آپ کو (āp ko), یہ (english: ye), اِس (english: is), اِس نے (english: is ne), اِس کو (is ko), اِسے (ise), اِن (english: in), اِنْہوں نے (inhõ ne), اِن کو (in ko), اِنْہیں (inhẽ), وُہ (vo), اُس (english: us), اُس نے (english: us ne), اُس کو (us ko), اُسے (english: use), اُن (english: un), اُنْہوں نے (unhõ ne), اُن کو (un ko), اُنْہیں (unhẽ)

Pronoun

IPA: /t̪ʊm/ [Standard, Urdu] Forms: تُم [canonical], tum [romanization], तुम [Hindi]
Etymology: Inherited from Sauraseni Apabhramsa तुम्हि (tumhi), from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀢𑀼𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂 (tumhe), from Sanskrit युष्मान् (yuṣmān, acc. pl.) adopting the initial sounds of त्वम् (tvám, nom. sg.). Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|ur|inc-sap|तुम्हि|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=tumhi|ts=}} Sauraseni Apabhramsa तुम्हि (tumhi), {{inh+|ur|inc-sap|तुम्हि|tr=tumhi}} Inherited from Sauraseni Apabhramsa तुम्हि (tumhi), {{inh|ur|pra-sau|𑀢𑀼𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂}} Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀢𑀼𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂 (tumhe), {{inh|ur|sa|युष्मान्||pos=acc. pl.}} Sanskrit युष्मान् (yuṣmān, acc. pl.), {{m|sa|त्वम्|pos=nom. sg.|tr=tvám}} त्वम् (tvám, nom. sg.) Head templates: {{ur-pron|head=تُم|hi=तुम}} تُم • (tum) (Hindi spelling तुम)
  1. (semiformal, familiar) second-person subjective or objective personal pronoun, grammatically plural: you, ye; Early Modern English ye. Tags: familiar
    Sense id: en-تم-ur-pron-q6jhkhpF Categories (other): Urdu determiners, Urdu entries with incorrect language header, Urdu pronouns, Urdu terms in nonstandard scripts Disambiguation of Urdu determiners: 49 51 Disambiguation of Urdu entries with incorrect language header: 50 50 Disambiguation of Urdu pronouns: 39 61 Disambiguation of Urdu terms in nonstandard scripts: 49 51

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for تم meaning in Urdu (8.9kB)

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          "english": "Do you love me?",
          "roman": "kyā tum mujh-se mohabbat kartī ho?",
          "text": "کیا تم مجھ سے محبت کرتی ہو؟",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "People like you are needed here.",
          "roman": "tum jaise logõ kī hī zarūrat hai yahā̃.",
          "text": "تم جیسے لوگوں کی ہی ضرورت ہے یہاں۔",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
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        "second-person subjective or objective personal pronoun, grammatically plural: you, ye; Early Modern English ye."
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  "word": "تم"
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      "form": "تم",
      "roman": "tum",
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      "form": "تم نے",
      "roman": "tum-ne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ergative"
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    },
    {
      "form": "تمھارا",
      "roman": "tumhārā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
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      "form": "تمھیں  (tumhẽ)",
      "roman": "tmhẽ",
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        "error-unrecognized-form"
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    },
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      "form": "تم کو",
      "roman": "tum-ko",
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        "error-unrecognized-form"
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      ],
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        {
          "english": "You idiots are of no use.",
          "roman": "tum ahmaq ko'ī kām ke nahī̃ ho.",
          "text": "تم احمق کوئی کام کے نہیں ہو۔",
          "type": "example"
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          "you",
          "you"
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          "ye",
          "ye"
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      "related": [
        {
          "roman": "āp",
          "tags": [
            "formal"
          ],
          "word": "آپ"
        },
        {
          "word": "polite"
        },
        {
          "word": "grammatically plural"
        },
        {
          "roman": "tū",
          "tags": [
            "informal"
          ],
          "word": "تُو"
        },
        {
          "word": "intimate"
        },
        {
          "word": "contemptuous"
        },
        {
          "word": "possibly vulgar"
        },
        {
          "word": "grammatically singular"
        },
        {
          "roman": "ma͠i",
          "word": "مَیں"
        },
        {
          "roman": "mujh",
          "word": "مُجھ"
        },
        {
          "roman": "ma͠i ne",
          "word": "مَیں نے"
        },
        {
          "roman": "mujh ko",
          "word": "مُجھ کو"
        },
        {
          "roman": "mujhe",
          "word": "مُجھے"
        },
        {
          "roman": "xāksār",
          "word": "خَاکْسَار"
        },
        {
          "roman": "xāksār ne",
          "word": "خَاکْسَار نے"
        },
        {
          "roman": "xāksār ko",
          "word": "خَاکْسَار کو"
        },
        {
          "english": "ham",
          "word": "ہَم"
        },
        {
          "english": "ham ne",
          "word": "ہَم نے"
        },
        {
          "roman": "ham ko",
          "word": "ہَم کو"
        },
        {
          "roman": "hamẽ",
          "word": "ہَمیں"
        },
        {
          "roman": "tū",
          "word": "تُو"
        },
        {
          "roman": "tujh",
          "word": "تُجھ"
        },
        {
          "roman": "tū ne",
          "word": "تُو نے"
        },
        {
          "roman": "tujh ko",
          "word": "تُجھ کو"
        },
        {
          "roman": "tujhe",
          "word": "تُجھے"
        },
        {
          "roman": "tum",
          "word": "تُم"
        },
        {
          "roman": "tum ne",
          "word": "تُم نے"
        },
        {
          "roman": "tum ko",
          "word": "تُم کو"
        },
        {
          "roman": "tumhẽ",
          "word": "تُمْہیں"
        },
        {
          "roman": "āp",
          "word": "آپ"
        },
        {
          "roman": "āp ne",
          "word": "آپ نے"
        },
        {
          "roman": "āp ko",
          "word": "آپ کو"
        },
        {
          "english": "ye",
          "word": "یہ"
        },
        {
          "english": "is",
          "word": "اِس"
        },
        {
          "english": "is ne",
          "word": "اِس نے"
        },
        {
          "roman": "is ko",
          "word": "اِس کو"
        },
        {
          "roman": "ise",
          "word": "اِسے"
        },
        {
          "english": "in",
          "word": "اِن"
        },
        {
          "roman": "inhõ ne",
          "word": "اِنْہوں نے"
        },
        {
          "roman": "in ko",
          "word": "اِن کو"
        },
        {
          "roman": "inhẽ",
          "word": "اِنْہیں"
        },
        {
          "roman": "vo",
          "word": "وُہ"
        },
        {
          "english": "us",
          "word": "اُس"
        },
        {
          "english": "us ne",
          "word": "اُس نے"
        },
        {
          "roman": "us ko",
          "word": "اُس کو"
        },
        {
          "english": "use",
          "word": "اُسے"
        },
        {
          "english": "un",
          "word": "اُن"
        },
        {
          "roman": "unhõ ne",
          "word": "اُنْہوں نے"
        },
        {
          "roman": "un ko",
          "word": "اُن کو"
        },
        {
          "roman": "unhẽ",
          "word": "اُنْہیں"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/t̪ʊm/",
      "tags": [
        "Standard",
        "Urdu"
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    }
  ],
  "word": "تم"
}
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      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ur",
        "2": "inc-sap",
        "3": "तुम्हि",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "tumhi",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Sauraseni Apabhramsa तुम्हि (tumhi)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ur",
        "2": "inc-sap",
        "3": "तुम्हि",
        "tr": "tumhi"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Sauraseni Apabhramsa तुम्हि (tumhi)",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ur",
        "2": "pra-sau",
        "3": "𑀢𑀼𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂"
      },
      "expansion": "Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀢𑀼𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂 (tumhe)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ur",
        "2": "sa",
        "3": "युष्मान्",
        "4": "",
        "pos": "acc. pl."
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit युष्मान् (yuṣmān, acc. pl.)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "त्वम्",
        "pos": "nom. sg.",
        "tr": "tvám"
      },
      "expansion": "त्वम् (tvám, nom. sg.)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Sauraseni Apabhramsa तुम्हि (tumhi), from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀢𑀼𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂 (tumhe), from Sanskrit युष्मान् (yuṣmān, acc. pl.) adopting the initial sounds of त्वम् (tvám, nom. sg.).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "تُم",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tum",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "तुम",
      "tags": [
        "Hindi"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "head": "تُم",
        "hi": "तुम"
      },
      "expansion": "تُم • (tum) (Hindi spelling तुम)",
      "name": "ur-pron"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Urdu",
  "lang_code": "ur",
  "pos": "pron",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Urdu familiar terms",
        "Urdu terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Do you love me?",
          "roman": "kyā tum mujh-se mohabbat kartī ho?",
          "text": "کیا تم مجھ سے محبت کرتی ہو؟",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "People like you are needed here.",
          "roman": "tum jaise logõ kī hī zarūrat hai yahā̃.",
          "text": "تم جیسے لوگوں کی ہی ضرورت ہے یہاں۔",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "second-person subjective or objective personal pronoun, grammatically plural: you, ye; Early Modern English ye."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "semiformal",
          "semiformal"
        ],
        [
          "second-person",
          "second person#English"
        ],
        [
          "subjective",
          "subjective#English"
        ],
        [
          "objective",
          "objective#English"
        ],
        [
          "personal pronoun",
          "personal pronoun#English"
        ],
        [
          "you",
          "you"
        ],
        [
          "ye",
          "ye"
        ],
        [
          "Early Modern English",
          "Early Modern English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(semiformal, familiar) second-person subjective or objective personal pronoun, grammatically plural: you, ye; Early Modern English ye."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "familiar"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/t̪ʊm/",
      "tags": [
        "Standard",
        "Urdu"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "تم"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Urdu determiners",
    "Urdu entries with incorrect language header",
    "Urdu lemmas",
    "Urdu pronouns",
    "Urdu terms derived from Sanskrit",
    "Urdu terms derived from Sauraseni Apabhramsa",
    "Urdu terms derived from Sauraseni Prakrit",
    "Urdu terms in nonstandard scripts",
    "Urdu terms inherited from Sanskrit",
    "Urdu terms inherited from Sauraseni Apabhramsa",
    "Urdu terms inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit",
    "Urdu terms with IPA pronunciation"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ur",
        "2": "inc-sap",
        "3": "तुम्हि",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "tumhi",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Sauraseni Apabhramsa तुम्हि (tumhi)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ur",
        "2": "inc-sap",
        "3": "तुम्हि",
        "tr": "tumhi"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Sauraseni Apabhramsa तुम्हि (tumhi)",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ur",
        "2": "pra-sau",
        "3": "𑀢𑀼𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂"
      },
      "expansion": "Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀢𑀼𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂 (tumhe)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ur",
        "2": "sa",
        "3": "युष्मान्",
        "4": "",
        "pos": "acc. pl."
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit युष्मान् (yuṣmān, acc. pl.)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "त्वम्",
        "pos": "nom. sg.",
        "tr": "tvám"
      },
      "expansion": "त्वम् (tvám, nom. sg.)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Sauraseni Apabhramsa तुम्हि (tumhi), from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀢𑀼𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂 (tumhe), from Sanskrit युष्मान् (yuṣmān, acc. pl.) adopting the initial sounds of त्वम् (tvám, nom. sg.).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "تُم",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tum",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "तुम",
      "tags": [
        "Hindi"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ur-decl-pronoun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "تم",
      "roman": "tum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "direct"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "تم",
      "roman": "tum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indirect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "تم نے",
      "roman": "tum-ne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ergative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "تمھارا",
      "roman": "tumhārā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "تمھیں  (tumhẽ)",
      "roman": "tmhẽ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "تم کو",
      "roman": "tum-ko",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ur",
        "2": "determiner",
        "3": "Hindi spelling",
        "4": "तुम",
        "head": "تُم"
      },
      "expansion": "تُم • (tum) (Hindi spelling तुम)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "تم",
        "10": "tumhẽ",
        "2": "tum",
        "3": "تم",
        "4": "tum",
        "5": "تم نے",
        "6": "tum-ne",
        "7": "تمھارا",
        "8": "tumhārā",
        "9": "تمھیں"
      },
      "name": "ur-decl-pronoun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Urdu",
  "lang_code": "ur",
  "pos": "det",
  "related": [
    {
      "roman": "āp",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ],
      "word": "آپ"
    },
    {
      "word": "polite"
    },
    {
      "word": "grammatically plural"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tū",
      "tags": [
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "تُو"
    },
    {
      "word": "intimate"
    },
    {
      "word": "contemptuous"
    },
    {
      "word": "possibly vulgar"
    },
    {
      "word": "grammatically singular"
    },
    {
      "roman": "ma͠i",
      "word": "مَیں"
    },
    {
      "roman": "mujh",
      "word": "مُجھ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "ma͠i ne",
      "word": "مَیں نے"
    },
    {
      "roman": "mujh ko",
      "word": "مُجھ کو"
    },
    {
      "roman": "mujhe",
      "word": "مُجھے"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xāksār",
      "word": "خَاکْسَار"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xāksār ne",
      "word": "خَاکْسَار نے"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xāksār ko",
      "word": "خَاکْسَار کو"
    },
    {
      "english": "ham",
      "word": "ہَم"
    },
    {
      "english": "ham ne",
      "word": "ہَم نے"
    },
    {
      "roman": "ham ko",
      "word": "ہَم کو"
    },
    {
      "roman": "hamẽ",
      "word": "ہَمیں"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tū",
      "word": "تُو"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tujh",
      "word": "تُجھ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tū ne",
      "word": "تُو نے"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tujh ko",
      "word": "تُجھ کو"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tujhe",
      "word": "تُجھے"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tum",
      "word": "تُم"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tum ne",
      "word": "تُم نے"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tum ko",
      "word": "تُم کو"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tumhẽ",
      "word": "تُمْہیں"
    },
    {
      "roman": "āp",
      "word": "آپ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "āp ne",
      "word": "آپ نے"
    },
    {
      "roman": "āp ko",
      "word": "آپ کو"
    },
    {
      "english": "ye",
      "word": "یہ"
    },
    {
      "english": "is",
      "word": "اِس"
    },
    {
      "english": "is ne",
      "word": "اِس نے"
    },
    {
      "roman": "is ko",
      "word": "اِس کو"
    },
    {
      "roman": "ise",
      "word": "اِسے"
    },
    {
      "english": "in",
      "word": "اِن"
    },
    {
      "roman": "inhõ ne",
      "word": "اِنْہوں نے"
    },
    {
      "roman": "in ko",
      "word": "اِن کو"
    },
    {
      "roman": "inhẽ",
      "word": "اِنْہیں"
    },
    {
      "roman": "vo",
      "word": "وُہ"
    },
    {
      "english": "us",
      "word": "اُس"
    },
    {
      "english": "us ne",
      "word": "اُس نے"
    },
    {
      "roman": "us ko",
      "word": "اُس کو"
    },
    {
      "english": "use",
      "word": "اُسے"
    },
    {
      "english": "un",
      "word": "اُن"
    },
    {
      "roman": "unhõ ne",
      "word": "اُنْہوں نے"
    },
    {
      "roman": "un ko",
      "word": "اُن کو"
    },
    {
      "roman": "unhẽ",
      "word": "اُنْہیں"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Urdu terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "You idiots are of no use.",
          "roman": "tum ahmaq ko'ī kām ke nahī̃ ho.",
          "text": "تم احمق کوئی کام کے نہیں ہو۔",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The individual or group spoken or written to; you, ye, Early Modern English ye."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "individual",
          "individual"
        ],
        [
          "group",
          "group"
        ],
        [
          "you",
          "you"
        ],
        [
          "ye",
          "ye"
        ],
        [
          "Early Modern English",
          "Early Modern English"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/t̪ʊm/",
      "tags": [
        "Standard",
        "Urdu"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "تم"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Urdu dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.