See masama in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": ":af",
"3": "ma-<id:stative prefix>",
"4": "sama<t:bad; evil><id:evil>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Austronesian *ma-\nProto-Malayo-Polynesian *ma-\nTagalog ma-\nSanskrit विषम (viṣama)der.?\nSanskrit दुःषम (duḥṣama)der.?\nTagalog sama\nTagalog masama\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Malayo-Polynesian\", \"term\" : \"*ma-\", \"lang\" : \"poz-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Tagalog\", \"term\" : \"ma-\", \"lang\" : \"tl\" }, { \"id\" : \"evil\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Sanskrit\", \"term\" : \"विषम\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"sa\" }, { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Sanskrit\", \"term\" : \"दुःषम\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"sa\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Tagalog\", \"term\" : \"sama\", \"gloss\" : \"bad; evil\", \"lang\" : \"tl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Tagalog\", \"term\" : \"masama\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"tl\" }\" data-lang=\"tl\" data-title=\"masama\">\nFrom ma- + sama (“bad; evil”).",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Austronesian *ma-\nProto-Malayo-Polynesian *ma-\nTagalog ma-\nSanskrit विषम (viṣama)der.?\nSanskrit दुःषम (duḥṣama)der.?\nTagalog sama\nTagalog masama\nFrom ma- + sama (“bad; evil”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "masamâ",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "masasama",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ᜋᜐᜋ",
"tags": [
"Baybayin"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "masamâ",
"b": "+",
"pl": "masasama"
},
"expansion": "masamâ (plural masasama, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜐᜋ)",
"name": "tl-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ma‧sa‧ma"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ma‧sa‧ma"
]
}
],
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "mabuti"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms with maragsa pronunciation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "masama ang loob"
},
{
"word": "masamain"
},
{
"word": "masamang damo"
},
{
"word": "masamang-loob"
},
{
"word": "pagkamasama"
},
{
"word": "walang masamang tinapay"
}
],
"glosses": [
"evil; bad"
],
"id": "en-masama-tl-adj-bDyjf-dd",
"links": [
[
"evil",
"evil"
],
[
"bad",
"bad"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/masaˈmaʔ/",
"tags": [
"Standard-Tagalog"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[mɐ.sɐˈmaʔ]",
"tags": [
"Standard-Tagalog"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʔ"
}
],
"word": "masama"
}
{
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": ":af",
"3": "ma-<id:stative prefix>",
"4": "sama<t:joining; inclusion; combining><id:companion>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Austronesian *ma-\nProto-Malayo-Polynesian *ma-\nTagalog ma-\nProto-Malayo-Polynesian *sama?\nProto-Indo-European *sem-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *-ós\nProto-Indo-European *-ós\nProto-Indo-European *somHós\nProto-Indo-Iranian *samHás\nSanskrit सम (sama)bor.?\nTagalog sama\nTagalog masama\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Malayo-Polynesian\", \"term\" : \"*ma-\", \"lang\" : \"poz-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Tagalog\", \"term\" : \"ma-\", \"lang\" : \"tl\" }, { \"id\" : \"companion\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Malayo-Polynesian\", \"term\" : \"*sama\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"poz-pro\" } ], \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"same\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"same\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"together\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*sem-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"o-grade\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"thematic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"possessive\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-ós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-ós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*somHós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-Iranian\", \"term\" : \"*samHás\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"iir-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Sanskrit\", \"term\" : \"सम\", \"lang\" : \"sa\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Tagalog\", \"term\" : \"sama\", \"gloss\" : \"joining; inclusion; combining\", \"lang\" : \"tl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Tagalog\", \"term\" : \"masama\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"tl\" }\" data-lang=\"tl\" data-title=\"masama\">\nFrom ma- + sama (“joining; inclusion; combining”).",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Austronesian *ma-\nProto-Malayo-Polynesian *ma-\nTagalog ma-\nProto-Malayo-Polynesian *sama?\nProto-Indo-European *sem-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *-ós\nProto-Indo-European *-ós\nProto-Indo-European *somHós\nProto-Indo-Iranian *samHás\nSanskrit सम (sama)bor.?\nTagalog sama\nTagalog masama\nFrom ma- + sama (“joining; inclusion; combining”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "nasama",
"tags": [
"completive"
]
},
{
"form": "nasasama",
"tags": [
"progressive"
]
},
{
"form": "masasama",
"tags": [
"contemplative"
]
},
{
"form": "ᜋᜐᜋ",
"tags": [
"Baybayin"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "+",
"2": "nasama",
"3": "nasasama",
"4": "masasama",
"b": "+"
},
"expansion": "masama (complete nasama, progressive nasasama, contemplative masasama, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜐᜋ)",
"name": "tl-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ma‧sa‧ma"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ma‧sa‧ma"
]
}
],
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 93",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 96",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 97",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 98",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 89",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 89",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 84",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 90",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 78",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms prefixed with ma- (stative prefix)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 87",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms with Baybayin script",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 72",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms with malumay pronunciation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to happen or accidentally be included in something"
],
"id": "en-masama-tl-verb-PkV~g0D8",
"links": [
[
"include",
"include"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "maisama"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/maˈsama/",
"tags": [
"Standard-Tagalog"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[mɐˈsaː.mɐ]",
"tags": [
"Standard-Tagalog"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ama"
}
],
"word": "masama"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Rhymes:Tagalog/ama",
"Rhymes:Tagalog/ama/3 syllables",
"Rhymes:Tagalog/aʔ",
"Rhymes:Tagalog/aʔ/3 syllables",
"Tagalog 3-syllable words",
"Tagalog adjectives",
"Tagalog entries with etymology texts",
"Tagalog entries with etymology trees",
"Tagalog entries with etymon",
"Tagalog entries with incorrect language header",
"Tagalog lemmas",
"Tagalog terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *sem-",
"Tagalog terms prefixed with ma- (stative prefix)",
"Tagalog terms with Baybayin script",
"Tagalog terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Tagalog terms with malumay pronunciation",
"Tagalog terms with maragsa pronunciation",
"Tagalog verbs"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "masama ang loob"
},
{
"word": "masamain"
},
{
"word": "masamang damo"
},
{
"word": "masamang-loob"
},
{
"word": "pagkamasama"
},
{
"word": "walang masamang tinapay"
}
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": ":af",
"3": "ma-<id:stative prefix>",
"4": "sama<t:bad; evil><id:evil>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Austronesian *ma-\nProto-Malayo-Polynesian *ma-\nTagalog ma-\nSanskrit विषम (viṣama)der.?\nSanskrit दुःषम (duḥṣama)der.?\nTagalog sama\nTagalog masama\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Malayo-Polynesian\", \"term\" : \"*ma-\", \"lang\" : \"poz-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Tagalog\", \"term\" : \"ma-\", \"lang\" : \"tl\" }, { \"id\" : \"evil\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Sanskrit\", \"term\" : \"विषम\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"sa\" }, { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Sanskrit\", \"term\" : \"दुःषम\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"sa\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Tagalog\", \"term\" : \"sama\", \"gloss\" : \"bad; evil\", \"lang\" : \"tl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Tagalog\", \"term\" : \"masama\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"tl\" }\" data-lang=\"tl\" data-title=\"masama\">\nFrom ma- + sama (“bad; evil”).",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Austronesian *ma-\nProto-Malayo-Polynesian *ma-\nTagalog ma-\nSanskrit विषम (viṣama)der.?\nSanskrit दुःषम (duḥṣama)der.?\nTagalog sama\nTagalog masama\nFrom ma- + sama (“bad; evil”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "masamâ",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "masasama",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ᜋᜐᜋ",
"tags": [
"Baybayin"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "masamâ",
"b": "+",
"pl": "masasama"
},
"expansion": "masamâ (plural masasama, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜐᜋ)",
"name": "tl-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ma‧sa‧ma"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ma‧sa‧ma"
]
}
],
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "mabuti"
}
],
"glosses": [
"evil; bad"
],
"links": [
[
"evil",
"evil"
],
[
"bad",
"bad"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/masaˈmaʔ/",
"tags": [
"Standard-Tagalog"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[mɐ.sɐˈmaʔ]",
"tags": [
"Standard-Tagalog"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʔ"
}
],
"word": "masama"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Rhymes:Tagalog/ama",
"Rhymes:Tagalog/ama/3 syllables",
"Tagalog 3-syllable words",
"Tagalog entries with etymology texts",
"Tagalog entries with etymology trees",
"Tagalog entries with etymon",
"Tagalog entries with incorrect language header",
"Tagalog lemmas",
"Tagalog terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *sem-",
"Tagalog terms prefixed with ma- (stative prefix)",
"Tagalog terms with Baybayin script",
"Tagalog terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Tagalog terms with malumay pronunciation",
"Tagalog verbs"
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": ":af",
"3": "ma-<id:stative prefix>",
"4": "sama<t:joining; inclusion; combining><id:companion>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Austronesian *ma-\nProto-Malayo-Polynesian *ma-\nTagalog ma-\nProto-Malayo-Polynesian *sama?\nProto-Indo-European *sem-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *-ós\nProto-Indo-European *-ós\nProto-Indo-European *somHós\nProto-Indo-Iranian *samHás\nSanskrit सम (sama)bor.?\nTagalog sama\nTagalog masama\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Malayo-Polynesian\", \"term\" : \"*ma-\", \"lang\" : \"poz-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Tagalog\", \"term\" : \"ma-\", \"lang\" : \"tl\" }, { \"id\" : \"companion\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Malayo-Polynesian\", \"term\" : \"*sama\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"poz-pro\" } ], \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"same\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"same\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"together\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*sem-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"o-grade\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"thematic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"possessive\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-ós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-ós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*somHós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-Iranian\", \"term\" : \"*samHás\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"iir-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Sanskrit\", \"term\" : \"सम\", \"lang\" : \"sa\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Tagalog\", \"term\" : \"sama\", \"gloss\" : \"joining; inclusion; combining\", \"lang\" : \"tl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Tagalog\", \"term\" : \"masama\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"tl\" }\" data-lang=\"tl\" data-title=\"masama\">\nFrom ma- + sama (“joining; inclusion; combining”).",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Austronesian *ma-\nProto-Malayo-Polynesian *ma-\nTagalog ma-\nProto-Malayo-Polynesian *sama?\nProto-Indo-European *sem-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *-ós\nProto-Indo-European *-ós\nProto-Indo-European *somHós\nProto-Indo-Iranian *samHás\nSanskrit सम (sama)bor.?\nTagalog sama\nTagalog masama\nFrom ma- + sama (“joining; inclusion; combining”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "nasama",
"tags": [
"completive"
]
},
{
"form": "nasasama",
"tags": [
"progressive"
]
},
{
"form": "masasama",
"tags": [
"contemplative"
]
},
{
"form": "ᜋᜐᜋ",
"tags": [
"Baybayin"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "+",
"2": "nasama",
"3": "nasasama",
"4": "masasama",
"b": "+"
},
"expansion": "masama (complete nasama, progressive nasasama, contemplative masasama, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜐᜋ)",
"name": "tl-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ma‧sa‧ma"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ma‧sa‧ma"
]
}
],
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to happen or accidentally be included in something"
],
"links": [
[
"include",
"include"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "maisama"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/maˈsama/",
"tags": [
"Standard-Tagalog"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[mɐˈsaː.mɐ]",
"tags": [
"Standard-Tagalog"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ama"
}
],
"word": "masama"
}
Download raw JSONL data for masama meaning in Tagalog (8.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Tagalog dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.