"द्रुह्" meaning in Sanskrit

See द्रुह् in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /dɾúɦ/ [Vedic], /d̪ɾuɦ/ [Classical]
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰrúkš ~ *dʰrúǰʰás (“deceit, offence”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰréwgʰ-s ~ *dʰrugʰ-és, from *dʰrewgʰ- (“to deceive, mislead”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬛𐬭𐬎𐬘 (druj, “lie”). Etymology templates: {{inh|sa|iir-pro|*dʰrúkš|*dʰrúkš ~ *dʰrúǰʰás|deceit, offence}} Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰrúkš ~ *dʰrúǰʰás (“deceit, offence”), {{inh|sa|ine-pro||*dʰréwgʰ-s ~ *dʰrugʰ-és}} Proto-Indo-European *dʰréwgʰ-s ~ *dʰrugʰ-és, {{m|ine-pro|*dʰrewgʰ-||to deceive, mislead}} *dʰrewgʰ- (“to deceive, mislead”), {{cog|ae|𐬛𐬭𐬎𐬘||lie}} Avestan 𐬛𐬭𐬎𐬘 (druj, “lie”) Head templates: {{sa-noun|g=f|tr=drúh}} द्रुह् • (drúh) stem, f Inflection templates: {{sa-decl-noun-f|drúh|ambig_final=k|diaspirate=1}} Forms: drúh [romanization], no-table-tags [table-tags], ध्रुक् [nominative, singular], द्रुहौ [dual, nominative], द्रुहा1 [dual, nominative], द्रुहः [nominative, plural], ध्रुक् [singular, vocative], द्रुहौ [dual, vocative], द्रुहा1 [dual, vocative], द्रुहः [plural, vocative], द्रुहम् [accusative, singular], द्रुहौ [accusative, dual], द्रुहा1 [accusative, dual], द्रुहः [accusative, plural], द्रुहा [instrumental, singular], ध्रुग्भ्याम् [dual, instrumental], ध्रुग्भिः [instrumental, plural], द्रुहे [dative, singular], ध्रुग्भ्याम् [dative, dual], ध्रुग्भ्यः [dative, plural], द्रुहः [ablative, singular], ध्रुग्भ्याम् [ablative, dual], ध्रुग्भ्यः [ablative, plural], द्रुहः [genitive, singular], द्रुहोः [dual, genitive], द्रुहाम् [genitive, plural], द्रुहि [locative, singular], द्रुहोः [dual, locative], ध्रुक्षु [locative, plural]
  1. injury, harm, offence
    Sense id: en-द्रुह्-sa-noun--aSh-OS3 Categories (other): Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header, Sanskrit entries with language name categories using raw markup, Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations Disambiguation of Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header: 48 44 0 8 Disambiguation of Sanskrit entries with language name categories using raw markup: 61 33 0 6 Disambiguation of Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations: 53 41 0 6
  2. an injurer; a foe, a demon
    Sense id: en-द्रुह्-sa-noun-ZUFfr8Af Categories (other): Sanskrit diaspirate roots, Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header, Sanskrit roots Disambiguation of Sanskrit diaspirate roots: 35 47 0 18 Disambiguation of Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header: 48 44 0 8 Disambiguation of Sanskrit roots: 35 46 0 18

Root

IPA: /dɾúɦ/ [Vedic], /d̪ɾuɦ/ [Classical] Forms: druh [romanization]
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰrúkš ~ *dʰrúǰʰás (“deceit, offence”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰréwgʰ-s ~ *dʰrugʰ-és, from *dʰrewgʰ- (“to deceive, mislead”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬛𐬭𐬎𐬘 (druj, “lie”). Etymology templates: {{inh|sa|iir-pro|*dʰrúkš|*dʰrúkš ~ *dʰrúǰʰás|deceit, offence}} Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰrúkš ~ *dʰrúǰʰás (“deceit, offence”), {{inh|sa|ine-pro||*dʰréwgʰ-s ~ *dʰrugʰ-és}} Proto-Indo-European *dʰréwgʰ-s ~ *dʰrugʰ-és, {{m|ine-pro|*dʰrewgʰ-||to deceive, mislead}} *dʰrewgʰ- (“to deceive, mislead”), {{cog|ae|𐬛𐬭𐬎𐬘||lie}} Avestan 𐬛𐬭𐬎𐬘 (druj, “lie”) Head templates: {{head|sa|root}} द्रुह् • (druh)
  1. to hurt Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-द्रुह्-sa-root-NIVJ-ufZ
  2. to be hostile to, to seek to harm Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-द्रुह्-sa-root-UoAKBcAV
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: अद्रुह् (adruh), द्रुह्यति (druhyati), द्रोघ (drogha), द्रोह (droha)

Download JSON data for द्रुह् meaning in Sanskrit (7.9kB)

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "iir-pro",
        "3": "*dʰrúkš",
        "4": "*dʰrúkš ~ *dʰrúǰʰás",
        "5": "deceit, offence"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰrúkš ~ *dʰrúǰʰás (“deceit, offence”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*dʰréwgʰ-s ~ *dʰrugʰ-és"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰréwgʰ-s ~ *dʰrugʰ-és",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*dʰrewgʰ-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to deceive, mislead"
      },
      "expansion": "*dʰrewgʰ- (“to deceive, mislead”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ae",
        "2": "𐬛𐬭𐬎𐬘",
        "3": "",
        "4": "lie"
      },
      "expansion": "Avestan 𐬛𐬭𐬎𐬘 (druj, “lie”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰrúkš ~ *dʰrúǰʰás (“deceit, offence”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰréwgʰ-s ~ *dʰrugʰ-és, from *dʰrewgʰ- (“to deceive, mislead”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬛𐬭𐬎𐬘 (druj, “lie”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "drúh",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sa-decl-noun-f",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "root-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ध्रुक्",
      "roman": "dhrúk",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "द्रुहौ",
      "roman": "drúhau",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "द्रुहा1",
      "roman": "drúhā1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "द्रुहः",
      "roman": "drúhaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ध्रुक्",
      "roman": "dhrúk",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "द्रुहौ",
      "roman": "drúhau",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "द्रुहा1",
      "roman": "drúhā1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "द्रुहः",
      "roman": "drúhaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "द्रुहम्",
      "roman": "drúham",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "द्रुहौ",
      "roman": "drúhau",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "द्रुहा1",
      "roman": "drúhā1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "द्रुहः",
      "roman": "drúhaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "द्रुहा",
      "roman": "druhā́",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ध्रुग्भ्याम्",
      "roman": "dhrugbhyā́m",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ध्रुग्भिः",
      "roman": "dhrugbhíḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "द्रुहे",
      "roman": "druhé",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ध्रुग्भ्याम्",
      "roman": "dhrugbhyā́m",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ध्रुग्भ्यः",
      "roman": "dhrugbhyáḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "द्रुहः",
      "roman": "druháḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ध्रुग्भ्याम्",
      "roman": "dhrugbhyā́m",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ध्रुग्भ्यः",
      "roman": "dhrugbhyáḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "द्रुहः",
      "roman": "druháḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "द्रुहोः",
      "roman": "druhóḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "द्रुहाम्",
      "roman": "druhā́m",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "द्रुहि",
      "roman": "druhí",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "द्रुहोः",
      "roman": "druhóḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ध्रुक्षु",
      "roman": "dhrukṣú",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "g": "f",
        "tr": "drúh"
      },
      "expansion": "द्रुह् • (drúh) stem, f",
      "name": "sa-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "drúh",
        "ambig_final": "k",
        "diaspirate": "1"
      },
      "name": "sa-decl-noun-f"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Sanskrit",
  "lang_code": "sa",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "48 44 0 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "61 33 0 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Sanskrit entries with language name categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "53 41 0 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "injury, harm, offence"
      ],
      "id": "en-द्रुह्-sa-noun--aSh-OS3",
      "links": [
        [
          "injury",
          "injury"
        ],
        [
          "harm",
          "harm"
        ],
        [
          "offence",
          "offence"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "35 47 0 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Sanskrit diaspirate roots",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "48 44 0 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "35 46 0 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Sanskrit roots",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "an injurer; a foe, a demon"
      ],
      "id": "en-द्रुह्-sa-noun-ZUFfr8Af",
      "links": [
        [
          "injurer",
          "injurer"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/dɾúɦ/",
      "tags": [
        "Vedic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/d̪ɾuɦ/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "द्रुह्"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "adruh",
      "word": "अद्रुह्"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "druhyati",
      "word": "द्रुह्यति"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "drogha",
      "word": "द्रोघ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "droha",
      "word": "द्रोह"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "iir-pro",
        "3": "*dʰrúkš",
        "4": "*dʰrúkš ~ *dʰrúǰʰás",
        "5": "deceit, offence"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰrúkš ~ *dʰrúǰʰás (“deceit, offence”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*dʰréwgʰ-s ~ *dʰrugʰ-és"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰréwgʰ-s ~ *dʰrugʰ-és",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*dʰrewgʰ-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to deceive, mislead"
      },
      "expansion": "*dʰrewgʰ- (“to deceive, mislead”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ae",
        "2": "𐬛𐬭𐬎𐬘",
        "3": "",
        "4": "lie"
      },
      "expansion": "Avestan 𐬛𐬭𐬎𐬘 (druj, “lie”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰrúkš ~ *dʰrúǰʰás (“deceit, offence”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰréwgʰ-s ~ *dʰrugʰ-és, from *dʰrewgʰ- (“to deceive, mislead”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬛𐬭𐬎𐬘 (druj, “lie”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "druh",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "root"
      },
      "expansion": "द्रुह् • (druh)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Sanskrit",
  "lang_code": "sa",
  "pos": "root",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to hurt"
      ],
      "id": "en-द्रुह्-sa-root-NIVJ-ufZ",
      "links": [
        [
          "hurt",
          "hurt"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to be hostile to, to seek to harm"
      ],
      "id": "en-द्रुह्-sa-root-UoAKBcAV",
      "links": [
        [
          "hostile",
          "hostile"
        ],
        [
          "seek",
          "seek"
        ],
        [
          "harm",
          "harm"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/dɾúɦ/",
      "tags": [
        "Vedic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/d̪ɾuɦ/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "द्रुह्"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Sanskrit diaspirate roots",
    "Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header",
    "Sanskrit entries with language name categories using raw markup",
    "Sanskrit feminine nouns",
    "Sanskrit lemmas",
    "Sanskrit nouns",
    "Sanskrit nouns in Devanagari script",
    "Sanskrit root-stem nouns",
    "Sanskrit roots",
    "Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
    "Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
    "Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "iir-pro",
        "3": "*dʰrúkš",
        "4": "*dʰrúkš ~ *dʰrúǰʰás",
        "5": "deceit, offence"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰrúkš ~ *dʰrúǰʰás (“deceit, offence”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*dʰréwgʰ-s ~ *dʰrugʰ-és"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰréwgʰ-s ~ *dʰrugʰ-és",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*dʰrewgʰ-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to deceive, mislead"
      },
      "expansion": "*dʰrewgʰ- (“to deceive, mislead”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ae",
        "2": "𐬛𐬭𐬎𐬘",
        "3": "",
        "4": "lie"
      },
      "expansion": "Avestan 𐬛𐬭𐬎𐬘 (druj, “lie”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰrúkš ~ *dʰrúǰʰás (“deceit, offence”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰréwgʰ-s ~ *dʰrugʰ-és, from *dʰrewgʰ- (“to deceive, mislead”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬛𐬭𐬎𐬘 (druj, “lie”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "drúh",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sa-decl-noun-f",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "root-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ध्रुक्",
      "roman": "dhrúk",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "द्रुहौ",
      "roman": "drúhau",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "द्रुहा1",
      "roman": "drúhā1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "द्रुहः",
      "roman": "drúhaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ध्रुक्",
      "roman": "dhrúk",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "द्रुहौ",
      "roman": "drúhau",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "द्रुहा1",
      "roman": "drúhā1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "द्रुहः",
      "roman": "drúhaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "द्रुहम्",
      "roman": "drúham",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "द्रुहौ",
      "roman": "drúhau",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "द्रुहा1",
      "roman": "drúhā1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "द्रुहः",
      "roman": "drúhaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "द्रुहा",
      "roman": "druhā́",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ध्रुग्भ्याम्",
      "roman": "dhrugbhyā́m",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ध्रुग्भिः",
      "roman": "dhrugbhíḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "द्रुहे",
      "roman": "druhé",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ध्रुग्भ्याम्",
      "roman": "dhrugbhyā́m",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ध्रुग्भ्यः",
      "roman": "dhrugbhyáḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "द्रुहः",
      "roman": "druháḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ध्रुग्भ्याम्",
      "roman": "dhrugbhyā́m",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ध्रुग्भ्यः",
      "roman": "dhrugbhyáḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "द्रुहः",
      "roman": "druháḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "द्रुहोः",
      "roman": "druhóḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "द्रुहाम्",
      "roman": "druhā́m",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "द्रुहि",
      "roman": "druhí",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "द्रुहोः",
      "roman": "druhóḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ध्रुक्षु",
      "roman": "dhrukṣú",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "g": "f",
        "tr": "drúh"
      },
      "expansion": "द्रुह् • (drúh) stem, f",
      "name": "sa-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "drúh",
        "ambig_final": "k",
        "diaspirate": "1"
      },
      "name": "sa-decl-noun-f"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Sanskrit",
  "lang_code": "sa",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "injury, harm, offence"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "injury",
          "injury"
        ],
        [
          "harm",
          "harm"
        ],
        [
          "offence",
          "offence"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "an injurer; a foe, a demon"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "injurer",
          "injurer"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/dɾúɦ/",
      "tags": [
        "Vedic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/d̪ɾuɦ/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "द्रुह्"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Sanskrit diaspirate roots",
    "Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header",
    "Sanskrit entries with language name categories using raw markup",
    "Sanskrit feminine nouns",
    "Sanskrit lemmas",
    "Sanskrit nouns",
    "Sanskrit nouns in Devanagari script",
    "Sanskrit root-stem nouns",
    "Sanskrit roots",
    "Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
    "Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
    "Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "adruh",
      "word": "अद्रुह्"
    },
    {
      "roman": "druhyati",
      "word": "द्रुह्यति"
    },
    {
      "roman": "drogha",
      "word": "द्रोघ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "droha",
      "word": "द्रोह"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "iir-pro",
        "3": "*dʰrúkš",
        "4": "*dʰrúkš ~ *dʰrúǰʰás",
        "5": "deceit, offence"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰrúkš ~ *dʰrúǰʰás (“deceit, offence”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*dʰréwgʰ-s ~ *dʰrugʰ-és"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰréwgʰ-s ~ *dʰrugʰ-és",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*dʰrewgʰ-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to deceive, mislead"
      },
      "expansion": "*dʰrewgʰ- (“to deceive, mislead”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ae",
        "2": "𐬛𐬭𐬎𐬘",
        "3": "",
        "4": "lie"
      },
      "expansion": "Avestan 𐬛𐬭𐬎𐬘 (druj, “lie”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰrúkš ~ *dʰrúǰʰás (“deceit, offence”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰréwgʰ-s ~ *dʰrugʰ-és, from *dʰrewgʰ- (“to deceive, mislead”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬛𐬭𐬎𐬘 (druj, “lie”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "druh",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "root"
      },
      "expansion": "द्रुह् • (druh)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Sanskrit",
  "lang_code": "sa",
  "pos": "root",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to hurt"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hurt",
          "hurt"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to be hostile to, to seek to harm"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hostile",
          "hostile"
        ],
        [
          "seek",
          "seek"
        ],
        [
          "harm",
          "harm"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/dɾúɦ/",
      "tags": [
        "Vedic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/d̪ɾuɦ/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "द्रुह्"
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/2466",
  "msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Sanskrit]; cleaned text: Notes",
  "path": [
    "द्रुह्"
  ],
  "section": "Sanskrit",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "द्रुह्",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Sanskrit dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-18 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (1d5a7d1 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.