See val in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*welH-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/welH-"
],
[
"*wōlás",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/wōlás"
],
[
"*welH-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/welH-"
],
[
"*wōlús",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/wōlús"
],
[
"*valъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/valъ"
],
[
"валъ",
"валъ#Old_Church_Slavonic"
],
[
"валъ",
"валъ#Old_Church_Slavonic"
],
[
"*valъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/valъ"
],
[
"val",
"val#Serbo-Croatian"
],
[
"valë",
"valë#Albanian"
]
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "cu:валъ<ety:uder<sla-pro:*valъ>>",
"text": "2",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *welH-\nProto-Balto-Slavic *wōlás\nProto-Indo-European *welH-\nProto-Balto-Slavic *wōlús\nProto-Slavic *valъ\nOld Church Slavonic валъ (valŭ)bor.\nRomanian val\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*welH-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*wōlás\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"ine-pro\", \"id\" : \"roll\", \"pos\" : \"root\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*welH-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*wōlús\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*valъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"uder\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Church Slavonic\", \"term\" : \"валъ\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"cu\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Romanian\", \"term\" : \"val\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ro\" }\" data-lang=\"ro\" data-title=\"val\">\nBorrowed from Old Church Slavonic валъ (valŭ), from Proto-Slavic *valъ.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "val"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian val",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "cu:валъ<ety:uder<sla-pro:*valъ>>",
"text": "2",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *welH-\nProto-Balto-Slavic *wōlás\nProto-Indo-European *welH-\nProto-Balto-Slavic *wōlús\nProto-Slavic *valъ\nOld Church Slavonic валъ (valŭ)bor.\nRomanian val\nBorrowed from Old Church Slavonic валъ (valŭ), from Proto-Slavic *valъ.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *welH-\nProto-Balto-Slavic *wōlás\nProto-Indo-European *welH-\nProto-Balto-Slavic *wōlús\nProto-Slavic *valъ\nOld Church Slavonic валъ (valŭ)bor.\nRomanian val\nBorrowed from Old Church Slavonic валъ (valŭ), from Proto-Slavic *valъ. Compare Serbo-Croatian val; close to Albanian valë.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "valuri",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ro-noun-n-uri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "val",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "valul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "valuri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "valurile",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "val",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "valului",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "valuri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "valurilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "valule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "valurilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "valuri"
},
"expansion": "val n (plural valuri)",
"name": "ro-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"gpd": "valurilor",
"gpi": "valuri",
"gsd": "valului",
"gsi": "val",
"n": "",
"npd": "valurile",
"npi": "valuri",
"nsd": "valul",
"nsi": "val",
"vp": "valurilor",
"vs": "valule",
"vs2": ""
},
"name": "ro-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "învălura"
},
{
"word": "învălui"
},
{
"word": "vălări"
}
],
"glosses": [
"wave"
],
"id": "en-val-ro-noun-SxJeyZp0",
"links": [
[
"wave",
"wave"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "năvăli"
},
{
"word": "prăvăli"
},
{
"word": "valmă"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "undă"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "val"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"vallum",
"vallum#Latin"
],
[
"Wall",
"Wall#German"
],
[
"vallo",
"vallo#Italian"
],
[
"wall",
"wall#English"
]
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "la",
"3": "vallum",
"4": "",
"5": "wall, rampart"
},
"expansion": "Latin vallum (“wall, rampart”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin vallum (“wall, rampart”), probably a later borrowing; cf. German Wall, Italian vallo, also English wall.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "valuri",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ro-noun-n-uri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "val",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "valul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "valuri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "valurile",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "val",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "valului",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "valuri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "valurilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "valule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "valurilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "valuri"
},
"expansion": "val n (plural valuri)",
"name": "ro-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"gpd": "valurilor",
"gpi": "valuri",
"gsd": "valului",
"gsi": "val",
"n": "",
"npd": "valurile",
"npi": "valuri",
"nsd": "valul",
"nsi": "val",
"vp": "valurilor",
"vs": "valule",
"vs2": ""
},
"name": "ro-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 92",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"earth rampart which served in antiquity as a military stronghold"
],
"id": "en-val-ro-noun-Eq7DPaOw",
"links": [
[
"rampart",
"rampart"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "văl"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "val"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 36 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Pages with inline etymon for redlinks",
"Romanian countable nouns",
"Romanian entries with etymology texts",
"Romanian entries with etymology trees",
"Romanian entries with etymon",
"Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Romanian lemmas",
"Romanian neuter nouns",
"Romanian nouns",
"Romanian terms borrowed from Old Church Slavonic",
"Romanian terms derived from Latin",
"Romanian terms derived from Old Church Slavonic",
"Romanian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Romanian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Romanian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Romanian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *welH-"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "învălura"
},
{
"word": "învălui"
},
{
"word": "vălări"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*welH-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/welH-"
],
[
"*wōlás",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/wōlás"
],
[
"*welH-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/welH-"
],
[
"*wōlús",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/wōlús"
],
[
"*valъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/valъ"
],
[
"валъ",
"валъ#Old_Church_Slavonic"
],
[
"валъ",
"валъ#Old_Church_Slavonic"
],
[
"*valъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/valъ"
],
[
"val",
"val#Serbo-Croatian"
],
[
"valë",
"valë#Albanian"
]
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "cu:валъ<ety:uder<sla-pro:*valъ>>",
"text": "2",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *welH-\nProto-Balto-Slavic *wōlás\nProto-Indo-European *welH-\nProto-Balto-Slavic *wōlús\nProto-Slavic *valъ\nOld Church Slavonic валъ (valŭ)bor.\nRomanian val\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*welH-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*wōlás\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"ine-pro\", \"id\" : \"roll\", \"pos\" : \"root\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*welH-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*wōlús\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*valъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"uder\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Church Slavonic\", \"term\" : \"валъ\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"cu\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Romanian\", \"term\" : \"val\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ro\" }\" data-lang=\"ro\" data-title=\"val\">\nBorrowed from Old Church Slavonic валъ (valŭ), from Proto-Slavic *valъ.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "val"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian val",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "cu:валъ<ety:uder<sla-pro:*valъ>>",
"text": "2",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *welH-\nProto-Balto-Slavic *wōlás\nProto-Indo-European *welH-\nProto-Balto-Slavic *wōlús\nProto-Slavic *valъ\nOld Church Slavonic валъ (valŭ)bor.\nRomanian val\nBorrowed from Old Church Slavonic валъ (valŭ), from Proto-Slavic *valъ.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *welH-\nProto-Balto-Slavic *wōlás\nProto-Indo-European *welH-\nProto-Balto-Slavic *wōlús\nProto-Slavic *valъ\nOld Church Slavonic валъ (valŭ)bor.\nRomanian val\nBorrowed from Old Church Slavonic валъ (valŭ), from Proto-Slavic *valъ. Compare Serbo-Croatian val; close to Albanian valë.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "valuri",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ro-noun-n-uri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "val",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "valul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "valuri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "valurile",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "val",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "valului",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "valuri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "valurilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "valule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "valurilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "valuri"
},
"expansion": "val n (plural valuri)",
"name": "ro-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"gpd": "valurilor",
"gpi": "valuri",
"gsd": "valului",
"gsi": "val",
"n": "",
"npd": "valurile",
"npi": "valuri",
"nsd": "valul",
"nsi": "val",
"vp": "valurilor",
"vs": "valule",
"vs2": ""
},
"name": "ro-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "năvăli"
},
{
"word": "prăvăli"
},
{
"word": "valmă"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"wave"
],
"links": [
[
"wave",
"wave"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "undă"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "val"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 36 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Romanian countable nouns",
"Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Romanian lemmas",
"Romanian neuter nouns",
"Romanian nouns",
"Romanian terms derived from Latin"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"vallum",
"vallum#Latin"
],
[
"Wall",
"Wall#German"
],
[
"vallo",
"vallo#Italian"
],
[
"wall",
"wall#English"
]
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "la",
"3": "vallum",
"4": "",
"5": "wall, rampart"
},
"expansion": "Latin vallum (“wall, rampart”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin vallum (“wall, rampart”), probably a later borrowing; cf. German Wall, Italian vallo, also English wall.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "valuri",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ro-noun-n-uri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "val",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "valul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "valuri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "valurile",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "val",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "valului",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "valuri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "valurilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "valule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "valurilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "valuri"
},
"expansion": "val n (plural valuri)",
"name": "ro-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"gpd": "valurilor",
"gpi": "valuri",
"gsd": "valului",
"gsi": "val",
"n": "",
"npd": "valurile",
"npi": "valuri",
"nsd": "valul",
"nsi": "val",
"vp": "valurilor",
"vs": "valule",
"vs2": ""
},
"name": "ro-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "văl"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"earth rampart which served in antiquity as a military stronghold"
],
"links": [
[
"rampart",
"rampart"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "val"
}
Download raw JSONL data for val meaning in Romanian (8.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Romanian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-10-01 using wiktextract (19f9a30 and 6f96ddf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.