"certa" meaning in Romanian

See certa in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

Audio: LL-Q7913 (ron)-Filosoful-certa.wav
Etymology: Inherited from Latin certāre, present active infinitive of certō. Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|ro|la|certāre|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Latin certāre, {{inh+|ro|la|certāre}} Inherited from Latin certāre Head templates: {{ro-verb|ceartă|certat|conj=1}} a certa (third-person singular present ceartă, past participle certat) 1st conj. Inflection templates: {{ro-conj-a|cert|2s=cerți|3p=ceartă|3s=ceartă}} Forms: a certa [canonical], ceartă [present, singular, third-person], certat [participle, past], conjugation-1 [table-tags], a certa [infinitive], certând [gerund], certat [participle, past], cert [first-person, indicative, present, singular], cerți [indicative, present, second-person, singular], ceartă [indicative, present, singular, third-person], certăm [first-person, indicative, plural, present], certați [indicative, plural, present, second-person], ceartă [indicative, plural, present, third-person], certam [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], certai [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], certa [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], certam [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], certați [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], certau [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], certai [first-person, indicative, perfect, singular], certași [indicative, perfect, second-person, singular], certă [indicative, perfect, singular, third-person], certarăm [first-person, indicative, perfect, plural], certarăți [indicative, perfect, plural, second-person], certară [indicative, perfect, plural, third-person], certasem [first-person, indicative, pluperfect, singular], certaseși [indicative, pluperfect, second-person, singular], certase [indicative, pluperfect, singular, third-person], certaserăm [first-person, indicative, pluperfect, plural], certaserăți [indicative, pluperfect, plural, second-person], certaseră [indicative, pluperfect, plural, third-person], să cert [first-person, present, singular, subjunctive], să cerți [present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], să certe [present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], să certăm [first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], să certați [plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], să certe [plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], ceartă [imperative, second-person, singular], certați [imperative, plural, second-person], nu certa [imperative, negative, second-person, singular], nu certați [imperative, negative, plural, second-person]
  1. (reflexive) to quarrel, squabble, argue, altercate, row, argufy, wrangle, fall out with someone Tags: conjugation-1, reflexive
    Sense id: en-certa-ro-verb-pJ6N7Lwu Categories (other): Romanian entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Romanian entries with incorrect language header: 50 50
  2. to scold, chide, rebuke, reprove, reprehend Tags: conjugation-1
    Sense id: en-certa-ro-verb-BMAChRVR Categories (other): Romanian entries with incorrect language header, Romanian verbs in 1st conjugation Disambiguation of Romanian entries with incorrect language header: 50 50 Disambiguation of Romanian verbs in 1st conjugation: 40 60
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: certare, ceartă Related terms: sfădi, încăiera, mustra

Inflected forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "certare"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "ceartă"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "certāre",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Latin certāre",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "certāre"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Latin certāre",
      "name": "inh+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin certāre, present active infinitive of certō.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "a certa",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ceartă",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "certat",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conjugation-1",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ro-conj-a",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a certa",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "certând",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "certat",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cert",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cerți",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ceartă",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "certăm",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "certați",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ceartă",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "certam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "certai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "certa",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "certam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "certați",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "certau",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "certai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "certași",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "certă",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "certarăm",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "certarăți",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "certară",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "certasem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "certaseși",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "certase",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "certaserăm",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "certaserăți",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "certaseră",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să cert",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să cerți",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să certe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să certăm",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să certați",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să certe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ceartă",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "certați",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nu certa",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nu certați",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ceartă",
        "2": "certat",
        "conj": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "a certa (third-person singular present ceartă, past participle certat) 1st conj.",
      "name": "ro-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cert",
        "2s": "cerți",
        "3p": "ceartă",
        "3s": "ceartă"
      },
      "name": "ro-conj-a"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Romanian",
  "lang_code": "ro",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "sfădi"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "încăiera"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "mustra"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to quarrel, squabble, argue, altercate, row, argufy, wrangle, fall out with someone"
      ],
      "id": "en-certa-ro-verb-pJ6N7Lwu",
      "links": [
        [
          "quarrel",
          "quarrel"
        ],
        [
          "squabble",
          "squabble"
        ],
        [
          "argue",
          "argue"
        ],
        [
          "altercate",
          "altercate"
        ],
        [
          "row",
          "row"
        ],
        [
          "argufy",
          "argufy"
        ],
        [
          "wrangle",
          "wrangle"
        ],
        [
          "fall out",
          "fall out"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive) to quarrel, squabble, argue, altercate, row, argufy, wrangle, fall out with someone"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "conjugation-1",
        "reflexive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "40 60",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Romanian verbs in 1st conjugation",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to scold, chide, rebuke, reprove, reprehend"
      ],
      "id": "en-certa-ro-verb-BMAChRVR",
      "links": [
        [
          "scold",
          "scold"
        ],
        [
          "chide",
          "chide"
        ],
        [
          "rebuke",
          "rebuke"
        ],
        [
          "reprove",
          "reprove"
        ],
        [
          "reprehend",
          "reprehend"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "conjugation-1"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q7913 (ron)-Filosoful-certa.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f1/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Filosoful-certa.wav/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Filosoful-certa.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f1/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Filosoful-certa.wav/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Filosoful-certa.wav.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "certa"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 10 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Romanian lemmas",
    "Romanian terms derived from Latin",
    "Romanian terms inherited from Latin",
    "Romanian verbs",
    "Romanian verbs in 1st conjugation"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "certare"
    },
    {
      "word": "ceartă"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "certāre",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Latin certāre",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "certāre"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Latin certāre",
      "name": "inh+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin certāre, present active infinitive of certō.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "a certa",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ceartă",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "certat",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conjugation-1",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ro-conj-a",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a certa",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "certând",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "certat",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cert",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cerți",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ceartă",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "certăm",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "certați",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ceartă",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "certam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "certai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "certa",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "certam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "certați",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "certau",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "certai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "certași",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "certă",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "certarăm",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "certarăți",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "certară",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "certasem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "certaseși",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "certase",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "certaserăm",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "certaserăți",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "certaseră",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să cert",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să cerți",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să certe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să certăm",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să certați",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să certe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ceartă",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "certați",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nu certa",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nu certați",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ceartă",
        "2": "certat",
        "conj": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "a certa (third-person singular present ceartă, past participle certat) 1st conj.",
      "name": "ro-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cert",
        "2s": "cerți",
        "3p": "ceartă",
        "3s": "ceartă"
      },
      "name": "ro-conj-a"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Romanian",
  "lang_code": "ro",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "sfădi"
    },
    {
      "word": "încăiera"
    },
    {
      "word": "mustra"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Romanian reflexive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to quarrel, squabble, argue, altercate, row, argufy, wrangle, fall out with someone"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "quarrel",
          "quarrel"
        ],
        [
          "squabble",
          "squabble"
        ],
        [
          "argue",
          "argue"
        ],
        [
          "altercate",
          "altercate"
        ],
        [
          "row",
          "row"
        ],
        [
          "argufy",
          "argufy"
        ],
        [
          "wrangle",
          "wrangle"
        ],
        [
          "fall out",
          "fall out"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive) to quarrel, squabble, argue, altercate, row, argufy, wrangle, fall out with someone"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "conjugation-1",
        "reflexive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to scold, chide, rebuke, reprove, reprehend"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "scold",
          "scold"
        ],
        [
          "chide",
          "chide"
        ],
        [
          "rebuke",
          "rebuke"
        ],
        [
          "reprove",
          "reprove"
        ],
        [
          "reprehend",
          "reprehend"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "conjugation-1"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q7913 (ron)-Filosoful-certa.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f1/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Filosoful-certa.wav/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Filosoful-certa.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f1/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Filosoful-certa.wav/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Filosoful-certa.wav.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "certa"
}

Download raw JSONL data for certa meaning in Romanian (6.6kB)

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Romanian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.