See -ez in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"-ais",
"-ais#French"
],
[
"-ese",
"-ese#Italian"
],
[
"-έζος",
"-έζος#Greek"
],
[
"-ensis",
"-ensis#Latin"
]
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "fr",
"3": "-ais"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from French -ais",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "it",
"3": "-ese"
},
"expansion": "Italian -ese",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "el",
"3": "-έζος"
},
"expansion": "Greek -έζος (-ézos)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ensis"
},
"expansion": "Latin -ensis",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French -ais, Italian -ese, Greek -έζος (-ézos), from Latin -ensis.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-eză",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ezi",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-eze",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ro-decl-adj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ez",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-eză",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ezi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-eze",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ezul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-eza",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ezii",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ezele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-eze",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ezului",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ezei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ezilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ezelor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"suff": "1"
},
"expansion": "-ez m or n (feminine singular -eză, masculine plural -ezi, feminine/neuter plural -eze)",
"name": "ro-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "ro-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "-ish, -an"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms nouns and adjectives of nationality"
],
"id": "en--ez-ro-suffix-QMSHWOyv",
"raw_glosses": [
"Forms nouns and adjectives of nationality:"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "43 57",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian suffixes with multiple genders",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "englez, olandez, francez, etc."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Examples"
],
"id": "en--ez-ro-suffix-5o7gTf9Z",
"raw_glosses": [
"Examples:"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ez/"
}
],
"word": "-ez"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"-izō",
"-izo#Latin"
],
[
"-ecer",
"-ecer#Spanish"
],
[
"-escere",
"-escere#Latin"
],
[
"-escō",
"-esco#Latin"
],
[
"parecer",
"parecer#Spanish"
],
[
"padecer",
"padecer#Spanish"
],
[
"merecer",
"merecer#Spanish"
],
[
"boteza",
"boteza#Romanian"
],
[
"râncheza",
"râncheza#Romanian"
],
[
"undeza",
"undeza#Romanian"
],
[
"-eggiare",
"-eggiare#Italian"
],
[
"Spanish",
"-ear#Spanish"
],
[
"-ear",
"-ear#Portuguese"
],
[
"Catalan",
"-ejar#Catalan"
],
[
"-ejar",
"-ejar#Occitan"
],
[
"-oyer",
"-oyer#French"
],
[
"-edz",
"-edz#Aromanian"
],
[
"-edzu",
"-edzu#Aromanian"
],
[
"-iza",
"-iza#Romanian"
]
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "grc",
"3": "grk-pro",
"4": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "la-lat",
"3": "-izō",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Late Latin -izō",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "la-lat",
"3": "-izō"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Late Latin -izō",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "-eggiare"
},
"expansion": "Italian -eggiare",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es,pt",
"2": "-ear"
},
"expansion": "Spanish and Portuguese -ear",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca,oc",
"2": "-ejar"
},
"expansion": "Catalan and Occitan -ejar",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "-oyer"
},
"expansion": "French -oyer",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "-iza",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "-iza",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Late Latin -izō.\nUsed as an infix in Romanian verb conjugations (similarly to how Spanish and Portuguese use the unrelated -ecer from Latin -escere, from -escō (as in parecer, padecer, merecer, etc). The suffix does not appear in the infinitive form of the verb in Romanian. However, the infinitive form of the Romanian suffix can also be found fossilized as part of the infinitive of a few verbs, such as boteza, râncheza, undeza.\nThe same Vulgar Latin ending resulted in Italian -eggiare, Spanish and Portuguese -ear, Catalan and Occitan -ejar, and French -oyer. The Aromanian equivalent is -edz or -edzu.\nCompare also the Romanian suffix later borrowed ultimately from the same source (through French), -iza.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "suffix",
"sort": "ez"
},
"expansion": "-ez",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "21 27 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 32 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "lucra → lucrez"
},
{
"text": "dura → durez"
},
{
"text": "frâna → frânez"
},
{
"text": "vâna → vânez"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used with a stem to form the first-person singular present of some -a (first conjugation) verbs."
],
"id": "en--ez-ro-suffix-ro:verb",
"links": [
[
"-a",
"-a#English"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "-ezi"
},
{
"word": "-ează"
},
{
"word": "-iza"
}
],
"senseid": [
"ro:verb"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ez/"
}
],
"word": "-ez"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"Romanian adjective-forming suffixes",
"Romanian doublets",
"Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Romanian lemmas",
"Romanian masculine suffixes",
"Romanian neuter suffixes",
"Romanian suffixes",
"Romanian suffixes with multiple genders",
"Romanian terms borrowed from French",
"Romanian terms borrowed from Greek",
"Romanian terms borrowed from Italian",
"Romanian terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Romanian terms derived from French",
"Romanian terms derived from Greek",
"Romanian terms derived from Italian",
"Romanian terms derived from Late Latin",
"Romanian terms derived from Latin",
"Romanian terms derived from Proto-Hellenic",
"Romanian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Romanian terms inherited from Late Latin",
"Romanian terms inherited from Latin",
"Romanian terms with redundant sortkeys",
"es:Names"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"-ais",
"-ais#French"
],
[
"-ese",
"-ese#Italian"
],
[
"-έζος",
"-έζος#Greek"
],
[
"-ensis",
"-ensis#Latin"
]
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "fr",
"3": "-ais"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from French -ais",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "it",
"3": "-ese"
},
"expansion": "Italian -ese",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "el",
"3": "-έζος"
},
"expansion": "Greek -έζος (-ézos)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ensis"
},
"expansion": "Latin -ensis",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French -ais, Italian -ese, Greek -έζος (-ézos), from Latin -ensis.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-eză",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ezi",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-eze",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ro-decl-adj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ez",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-eză",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ezi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-eze",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ezul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-eza",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ezii",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ezele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-eze",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ezului",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ezei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ezilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ezelor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"suff": "1"
},
"expansion": "-ez m or n (feminine singular -eză, masculine plural -ezi, feminine/neuter plural -eze)",
"name": "ro-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "ro-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "-ish, -an"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms nouns and adjectives of nationality"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Forms nouns and adjectives of nationality:"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "englez, olandez, francez, etc."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Examples"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Examples:"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ez/"
}
],
"word": "-ez"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"Romanian doublets",
"Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Romanian lemmas",
"Romanian suffixes",
"Romanian terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Romanian terms derived from Late Latin",
"Romanian terms derived from Proto-Hellenic",
"Romanian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Romanian terms inherited from Late Latin",
"Romanian terms inherited from Latin",
"Romanian terms with redundant sortkeys",
"es:Names"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"-izō",
"-izo#Latin"
],
[
"-ecer",
"-ecer#Spanish"
],
[
"-escere",
"-escere#Latin"
],
[
"-escō",
"-esco#Latin"
],
[
"parecer",
"parecer#Spanish"
],
[
"padecer",
"padecer#Spanish"
],
[
"merecer",
"merecer#Spanish"
],
[
"boteza",
"boteza#Romanian"
],
[
"râncheza",
"râncheza#Romanian"
],
[
"undeza",
"undeza#Romanian"
],
[
"-eggiare",
"-eggiare#Italian"
],
[
"Spanish",
"-ear#Spanish"
],
[
"-ear",
"-ear#Portuguese"
],
[
"Catalan",
"-ejar#Catalan"
],
[
"-ejar",
"-ejar#Occitan"
],
[
"-oyer",
"-oyer#French"
],
[
"-edz",
"-edz#Aromanian"
],
[
"-edzu",
"-edzu#Aromanian"
],
[
"-iza",
"-iza#Romanian"
]
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "grc",
"3": "grk-pro",
"4": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "la-lat",
"3": "-izō",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Late Latin -izō",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "la-lat",
"3": "-izō"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Late Latin -izō",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "-eggiare"
},
"expansion": "Italian -eggiare",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es,pt",
"2": "-ear"
},
"expansion": "Spanish and Portuguese -ear",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca,oc",
"2": "-ejar"
},
"expansion": "Catalan and Occitan -ejar",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "-oyer"
},
"expansion": "French -oyer",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "-iza",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "-iza",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Late Latin -izō.\nUsed as an infix in Romanian verb conjugations (similarly to how Spanish and Portuguese use the unrelated -ecer from Latin -escere, from -escō (as in parecer, padecer, merecer, etc). The suffix does not appear in the infinitive form of the verb in Romanian. However, the infinitive form of the Romanian suffix can also be found fossilized as part of the infinitive of a few verbs, such as boteza, râncheza, undeza.\nThe same Vulgar Latin ending resulted in Italian -eggiare, Spanish and Portuguese -ear, Catalan and Occitan -ejar, and French -oyer. The Aromanian equivalent is -edz or -edzu.\nCompare also the Romanian suffix later borrowed ultimately from the same source (through French), -iza.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "suffix",
"sort": "ez"
},
"expansion": "-ez",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"word": "-ezi"
},
{
"word": "-ează"
},
{
"word": "-iza"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "lucra → lucrez"
},
{
"text": "dura → durez"
},
{
"text": "frâna → frânez"
},
{
"text": "vâna → vânez"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used with a stem to form the first-person singular present of some -a (first conjugation) verbs."
],
"links": [
[
"-a",
"-a#English"
]
],
"senseid": [
"ro:verb"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ez/"
}
],
"word": "-ez"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -ez meaning in Romanian (7.7kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'nominative- accusative'",
"path": [
"-ez"
],
"section": "Romanian",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ez",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'nominative- accusative'",
"path": [
"-ez"
],
"section": "Romanian",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ez",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'genitive- dative'",
"path": [
"-ez"
],
"section": "Romanian",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ez",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'genitive- dative'",
"path": [
"-ez"
],
"section": "Romanian",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ez",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Romanian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.