"triuwijan" meaning in Proto-West Germanic

See triuwijan in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

Etymology: From Proto-Germanic *triwwijaną. Equivalent to *triuwī (“true, faithful”) + *-jan and *treuwu (“fidelity, pledge”) + *-jan. Etymology templates: {{inh|gmw-pro|gem-pro|*triwwijaną}} Proto-Germanic *triwwijaną, {{suffix|gmw-pro|*triuwī|*-jan|id2=factitive|t1=true, faithful}} *triuwī (“true, faithful”) + *-jan, {{suffix|gmw-pro|*treuwu|*-jan|id2=denominative|t1=fidelity, pledge}} *treuwu (“fidelity, pledge”) + *-jan Head templates: {{head|gmw-pro|verb}} *triuwijan Inflection templates: {{gmw-infl-verb-wk1}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], triuwijan [class-1, infinitive, weak], triuwijannjas [class-1, genitive, infinitive, weak], triuwijannjē [class-1, dative, infinitive, weak], triuwijannju [class-1, infinitive, instrumental, weak], triuwiju [class-1, first-person, present, singular, weak], triuwidā [class-1, first-person, past, singular, weak], triuwisi [class-1, present, second-person, singular, weak], triuwidēs [class-1, past, second-person, singular, weak], triuwidōs [class-1, past, second-person, singular, weak], triuwiþi [class-1, present, singular, third-person, weak], triuwidē [class-1, past, singular, third-person, weak], triuwidā [class-1, past, singular, third-person, weak], triuwijum [class-1, first-person, plural, present, weak], triuwidum [class-1, first-person, past, plural, weak], triuwiþ [class-1, plural, present, second-person, weak], triuwidud [class-1, past, plural, second-person, weak], triuwijanþ [class-1, plural, present, third-person, weak], triuwidun [class-1, past, plural, third-person, weak], triuwijē [class-1, first-person, present, singular, weak], triuwidī [class-1, first-person, past, singular, weak], triuwijēs [class-1, present, second-person, singular, weak], triuwidī [class-1, past, second-person, singular, weak], triuwijē [class-1, present, singular, third-person, weak], triuwidī [class-1, past, singular, third-person, weak], triuwijēm [class-1, first-person, plural, present, weak], triuwidīm [class-1, first-person, past, plural, weak], triuwijēþ [class-1, plural, present, second-person, weak], triuwidīd [class-1, past, plural, second-person, weak], triuwijēn [class-1, plural, present, third-person, weak], triuwidīn [class-1, past, plural, third-person, weak], triuwi [class-1, present, singular, weak], triuwiþ [class-1, plural, present, weak], triuwijandī [class-1, participle, present, weak], triuwid [class-1, participle, past, weak]
  1. (transitive) to make faithful Tags: reconstruction, transitive
    Sense id: en-triuwijan-gmw-pro-verb-R9LCsd9e Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header, Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-jan (denominative), Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-jan (factitive) Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 44 32 25 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 59 22 19 Disambiguation of Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header: 65 24 11 Disambiguation of Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-jan (denominative): 80 12 8 Disambiguation of Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-jan (factitive): 80 12 8
  2. (transitive) to ally, form a relation with Tags: reconstruction, transitive
    Sense id: en-triuwijan-gmw-pro-verb-rlOgtjgi
  3. (transitive) to trust, have faith in Tags: reconstruction, transitive
    Sense id: en-triuwijan-gmw-pro-verb-HkUngoW~
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: treuwēn, trūwēn 
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "trēowan",
            "3": "trīewan",
            "4": "trȳwan"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: trēowan, trīewan, trȳwan",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: trēowan, trīewan, trȳwan"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "trewen",
            "3": "trowen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: trewen, trowen",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "partially"
          },
          "expansion": "(partially)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: trewen, trowen (partially)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "trow"
          },
          "expansion": "English: trow",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: trow"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "trew",
            "3": "trow"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: trew, trow",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: trew, trow"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ofs",
            "2": "triūwa",
            "3": "trōwa",
            "4": "trouwa"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Frisian: triūwa, trōwa, trouwa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Frisian: triūwa, trōwa, trouwa"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "stq",
            "2": "trjoue"
          },
          "expansion": "Saterland Frisian: trjoue",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Saterland Frisian: trjoue"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fy",
            "2": "trouwe",
            "3": "trouje"
          },
          "expansion": "West Frisian: trouwe, trouje",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "West Frisian: trouwe, trouje"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "odt",
            "2": "*triuwen"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Dutch: *triuwen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Dutch: *triuwen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dum",
            "2": "truwen",
            "3": "trouwen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Dutch: truwen, trouwen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Dutch: truwen, trouwen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "trouwen"
          },
          "expansion": "Dutch: trouwen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dutch: trouwen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osx",
            "2": "triuwian"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Saxon: triuwian",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Saxon: triuwian"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "trûwen",
            "3": "trouwen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Low German: trûwen, trouwen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Low German: trûwen, trouwen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "*triuwen"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: *triuwen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: *triuwen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmh",
            "2": "triuwen",
            "3": "trouwen",
            "4": "trawen",
            "5": "trōwen",
            "6": "tröuwen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle High German: triuwen, trouwen, trawen, trōwen, tröuwen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle High German: triuwen, trouwen, trawen, trōwen, tröuwen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "trauen"
          },
          "expansion": "German: trauen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German: trauen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "gitriuwen",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Old High German: gitriuwen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Old High German: gitriuwen"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*triwwijaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *triwwijaną",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "*triuwī",
        "3": "*-jan",
        "id2": "factitive",
        "t1": "true, faithful"
      },
      "expansion": "*triuwī (“true, faithful”) + *-jan",
      "name": "suffix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "*treuwu",
        "3": "*-jan",
        "id2": "denominative",
        "t1": "fidelity, pledge"
      },
      "expansion": "*treuwu (“fidelity, pledge”) + *-jan",
      "name": "suffix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *triwwijaną. Equivalent to *triuwī (“true, faithful”) + *-jan and *treuwu (“fidelity, pledge”) + *-jan.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwijan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwijannjas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "genitive",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwijannjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "dative",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwijannju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "instrumental",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwiju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwisi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwidēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwidōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwiþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwidē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwijum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwidum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwidud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwijanþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwidun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwijē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwijēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwijē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwijēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwidīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwijēþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwidīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwijēn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwidīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwijandī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "*triuwijan",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/triuwijan",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "treuwēn"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "trūwēn"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "44 32 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "59 22 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "65 24 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "80 12 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-jan (denominative)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "80 12 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-jan (factitive)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to make faithful"
      ],
      "id": "en-triuwijan-gmw-pro-verb-R9LCsd9e",
      "links": [
        [
          "faithful",
          "faithful"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to make faithful"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "to ally, form a relation with"
      ],
      "id": "en-triuwijan-gmw-pro-verb-rlOgtjgi",
      "links": [
        [
          "ally",
          "ally"
        ],
        [
          "relation",
          "relation"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to ally, form a relation with"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "to trust, have faith in"
      ],
      "id": "en-triuwijan-gmw-pro-verb-HkUngoW~",
      "links": [
        [
          "trust",
          "trust"
        ],
        [
          "faith",
          "faith"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to trust, have faith in"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction",
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "triuwijan"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Proto-West Germanic class 1 weak verbs",
    "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
    "Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-jan (denominative)",
    "Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-jan (factitive)",
    "Proto-West Germanic verbs"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "trēowan",
            "3": "trīewan",
            "4": "trȳwan"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: trēowan, trīewan, trȳwan",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: trēowan, trīewan, trȳwan"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "trewen",
            "3": "trowen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: trewen, trowen",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "partially"
          },
          "expansion": "(partially)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: trewen, trowen (partially)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "trow"
          },
          "expansion": "English: trow",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: trow"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "trew",
            "3": "trow"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: trew, trow",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: trew, trow"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ofs",
            "2": "triūwa",
            "3": "trōwa",
            "4": "trouwa"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Frisian: triūwa, trōwa, trouwa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Frisian: triūwa, trōwa, trouwa"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "stq",
            "2": "trjoue"
          },
          "expansion": "Saterland Frisian: trjoue",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Saterland Frisian: trjoue"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fy",
            "2": "trouwe",
            "3": "trouje"
          },
          "expansion": "West Frisian: trouwe, trouje",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "West Frisian: trouwe, trouje"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "odt",
            "2": "*triuwen"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Dutch: *triuwen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Dutch: *triuwen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dum",
            "2": "truwen",
            "3": "trouwen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Dutch: truwen, trouwen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Dutch: truwen, trouwen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "trouwen"
          },
          "expansion": "Dutch: trouwen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dutch: trouwen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osx",
            "2": "triuwian"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Saxon: triuwian",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Saxon: triuwian"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "trûwen",
            "3": "trouwen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Low German: trûwen, trouwen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Low German: trûwen, trouwen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "*triuwen"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: *triuwen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: *triuwen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmh",
            "2": "triuwen",
            "3": "trouwen",
            "4": "trawen",
            "5": "trōwen",
            "6": "tröuwen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle High German: triuwen, trouwen, trawen, trōwen, tröuwen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle High German: triuwen, trouwen, trawen, trōwen, tröuwen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "trauen"
          },
          "expansion": "German: trauen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German: trauen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "gitriuwen",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Old High German: gitriuwen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Old High German: gitriuwen"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*triwwijaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *triwwijaną",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "*triuwī",
        "3": "*-jan",
        "id2": "factitive",
        "t1": "true, faithful"
      },
      "expansion": "*triuwī (“true, faithful”) + *-jan",
      "name": "suffix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "*treuwu",
        "3": "*-jan",
        "id2": "denominative",
        "t1": "fidelity, pledge"
      },
      "expansion": "*treuwu (“fidelity, pledge”) + *-jan",
      "name": "suffix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *triwwijaną. Equivalent to *triuwī (“true, faithful”) + *-jan and *treuwu (“fidelity, pledge”) + *-jan.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwijan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwijannjas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "genitive",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwijannjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "dative",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwijannju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "instrumental",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwiju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwisi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwidēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwidōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwiþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwidē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwijum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwidum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwidud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwijanþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwidun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwijē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwijēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwijē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwijēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwidīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwijēþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwidīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwijēn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwidīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwijandī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuwid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "*triuwijan",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/triuwijan",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "treuwēn"
    },
    {
      "word": "trūwēn"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Proto-West Germanic transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to make faithful"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "faithful",
          "faithful"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to make faithful"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Proto-West Germanic transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to ally, form a relation with"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ally",
          "ally"
        ],
        [
          "relation",
          "relation"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to ally, form a relation with"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Proto-West Germanic transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to trust, have faith in"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "trust",
          "trust"
        ],
        [
          "faith",
          "faith"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to trust, have faith in"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction",
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "triuwijan"
}

Download raw JSONL data for triuwijan meaning in Proto-West Germanic (9.0kB)

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (ee63ee9 and 4230888). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.