swīgā in Proto-West Germanic

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Etymology: Unknown; possibly cognate with Ancient Greek σῖγα (sîga, “silently”), σιγᾶν (sigân, “be silent”), σιγή (sigḗ, “silence”), from earlier *σϝίγ- (*swíg-), forgoing the expected change *sw- > *hw-, perhaps then from Proto-Indo-European *sweyHg-, however this is disputed. Alternatively from Proto-Indo-European *dʰgʷʰey- (“to decline”), whence *dwīnan ~ *swīnan (“to dwindle, fade away”). Etymology templates: {{unk|gmw-pro}} Unknown, {{cog|grc|σῖγα|t=silently}} Ancient Greek σῖγα (sîga, “silently”), {{der|gmw-pro|ine-pro||*sweyHg-}} Proto-Indo-European *sweyHg-, {{der|gmw-pro|ine-pro|*dʰgʷʰey-|t=to decline}} Proto-Indo-European *dʰgʷʰey- (“to decline”) Head templates: {{head|gmw-pro|noun|g=f}} *swīgā f Inflection templates: {{gmw-infl-noun-on}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], swīgā [nominative, singular], swīgōn [nominative, plural], swīgōn [accusative, singular], swīgōn [accusative, plural], swīgōn [genitive, singular], swīgōnō [genitive, plural], swīgōn [dative, singular], swīgōm [dative, plural], swīgum [dative, plural], swīgōn [instrumental, singular], swīgōm [instrumental, plural], swīgum [instrumental, plural]

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{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "swīge"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: swīge\nMiddle English: swyȝe, swiȝe, swige",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: swīge\nMiddle English: swyȝe, swiȝe, swige"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "swīga"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: swīga",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: swīga"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro"
      },
      "expansion": "Unknown",
      "name": "unk"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "σῖγα",
        "t": "silently"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek σῖγα (sîga, “silently”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*sweyHg-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sweyHg-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*dʰgʷʰey-",
        "t": "to decline"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰgʷʰey- (“to decline”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Unknown; possibly cognate with Ancient Greek σῖγα (sîga, “silently”), σιγᾶν (sigân, “be silent”), σιγή (sigḗ, “silence”), from earlier *σϝίγ- (*swíg-), forgoing the expected change *sw- > *hw-, perhaps then from Proto-Indo-European *sweyHg-, however this is disputed. Alternatively from Proto-Indo-European *dʰgʷʰey- (“to decline”), whence *dwīnan ~ *swīnan (“to dwindle, fade away”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gmw-infl-noun-on",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ōn-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swīgā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swīgōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swīgōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swīgōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swīgōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swīgōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swīgōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swīgōm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swīgum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swīgōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swīgōm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swīgum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "*swīgā f",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gmw-infl-noun-on"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/swīgā",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "sense": "Old High German: swīglīhho (adverb)",
          "tags": [
            "German",
            "adjective"
          ],
          "word": "schweiglich"
        },
        {
          "sense": "⇒ *swīgalī; Old High German",
          "word": "swīgalī"
        },
        {
          "sense": "⇒ *swīgalung",
          "tags": [
            "Old-English"
          ],
          "word": "swīġlung"
        },
        {
          "word": "swīgēn"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Old English: swīge",
          "tags": [
            "English",
            "Middle"
          ],
          "word": "swye"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "silence"
      ],
      "id": "en-swīgā-gmw-pro-noun-5sGP2-WX",
      "links": [
        [
          "silence",
          "silence"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "swaigijan"
        },
        {
          "sense": "*swiggjā",
          "tags": [
            "Old-English"
          ],
          "word": "swigge"
        },
        {
          "sense": "*swiggjā",
          "tags": [
            "Old-English"
          ],
          "word": "swicge"
        }
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "*stillinassī"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Brill Publishers",
        "Elmar Seebold",
        "Etymological Dictionary of the German Language",
        "de:Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "swīgā"
}

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{
  "derived": [
    {
      "sense": "Old High German: swīglīhho (adverb)",
      "tags": [
        "German",
        "adjective"
      ],
      "word": "schweiglich"
    },
    {
      "sense": "⇒ *swīgalī; Old High German",
      "word": "swīgalī"
    },
    {
      "sense": "⇒ *swīgalung",
      "tags": [
        "Old-English"
      ],
      "word": "swīġlung"
    },
    {
      "word": "swīgēn"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Old English: swīge",
      "tags": [
        "English",
        "Middle"
      ],
      "word": "swye"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "swīge"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: swīge\nMiddle English: swyȝe, swiȝe, swige",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: swīge\nMiddle English: swyȝe, swiȝe, swige"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "swīga"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: swīga",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: swīga"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro"
      },
      "expansion": "Unknown",
      "name": "unk"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "σῖγα",
        "t": "silently"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek σῖγα (sîga, “silently”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*sweyHg-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sweyHg-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*dʰgʷʰey-",
        "t": "to decline"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰgʷʰey- (“to decline”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Unknown; possibly cognate with Ancient Greek σῖγα (sîga, “silently”), σιγᾶν (sigân, “be silent”), σιγή (sigḗ, “silence”), from earlier *σϝίγ- (*swíg-), forgoing the expected change *sw- > *hw-, perhaps then from Proto-Indo-European *sweyHg-, however this is disputed. Alternatively from Proto-Indo-European *dʰgʷʰey- (“to decline”), whence *dwīnan ~ *swīnan (“to dwindle, fade away”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gmw-infl-noun-on",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ōn-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swīgā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swīgōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swīgōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swīgōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swīgōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swīgōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swīgōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swīgōm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swīgum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swīgōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swīgōm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swīgum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "*swīgā f",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gmw-infl-noun-on"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/swīgā",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "swaigijan"
    },
    {
      "sense": "*swiggjā",
      "tags": [
        "Old-English"
      ],
      "word": "swigge"
    },
    {
      "sense": "*swiggjā",
      "tags": [
        "Old-English"
      ],
      "word": "swicge"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-West Germanic feminine nouns",
        "Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
        "Proto-West Germanic nouns",
        "Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Proto-West Germanic terms with unknown etymologies",
        "Proto-West Germanic ōn-stem nouns",
        "gmw-pro:Sound"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "silence"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "silence",
          "silence"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "*stillinassī"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Brill Publishers",
        "Elmar Seebold",
        "Etymological Dictionary of the German Language",
        "de:Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "swīgā"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-27 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (bb24e0f and c7ea76d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"swīgā" meaning in Proto-West Germanic

Noun