"sturjan" meaning in Proto-West Germanic

See sturjan in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

Etymology: Presumably from Proto-Germanic *sturjaną, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *(s)twr̥H-yé-ti, from *(s)twerH- (“to stir up, agitate, propel”). Etymology templates: {{root|gmw-pro|ine-pro|*(s)twerH-}}, {{inh|gmw-pro|gem-pro|*sturjaną}} Proto-Germanic *sturjaną, {{inh|gmw-pro|ine-pro||*(s)twr̥H-yé-ti}} Proto-Indo-European *(s)twr̥H-yé-ti Head templates: {{head|gmw-pro|verb}} *sturjan Inflection templates: {{gmw-infl-verb-wk1}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], sturjan [class-1, infinitive, weak], sturjannjas [class-1, genitive, infinitive, weak], sturjannjē [class-1, dative, infinitive, weak], sturjannju [class-1, infinitive, instrumental, weak], sturju [class-1, first-person, present, singular, weak], sturidā [class-1, first-person, past, singular, weak], sturisi [class-1, present, second-person, singular, weak], sturidēs [class-1, past, second-person, singular, weak], sturidōs [class-1, past, second-person, singular, weak], sturiþi [class-1, present, singular, third-person, weak], sturidē [class-1, past, singular, third-person, weak], sturidā [class-1, past, singular, third-person, weak], sturjum [class-1, first-person, plural, present, weak], sturidum [class-1, first-person, past, plural, weak], sturiþ [class-1, plural, present, second-person, weak], sturidud [class-1, past, plural, second-person, weak], sturjanþ [class-1, plural, present, third-person, weak], sturidun [class-1, past, plural, third-person, weak], sturjē [class-1, first-person, present, singular, weak], sturidī [class-1, first-person, past, singular, weak], sturjēs [class-1, present, second-person, singular, weak], sturidī [class-1, past, second-person, singular, weak], sturjē [class-1, present, singular, third-person, weak], sturidī [class-1, past, singular, third-person, weak], sturjēm [class-1, first-person, plural, present, weak], sturidīm [class-1, first-person, past, plural, weak], sturjēþ [class-1, plural, present, second-person, weak], sturidīd [class-1, past, plural, second-person, weak], sturjēn [class-1, plural, present, third-person, weak], sturidīn [class-1, past, plural, third-person, weak], sturi [class-1, present, singular, weak], sturiþ [class-1, plural, present, weak], sturjandī [class-1, participle, present, weak], sturid [class-1, participle, past, weak]
  1. to stir up, agitate Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-sturjan-gmw-pro-verb--kMn~BuG Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 57 43 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 70 30 Disambiguation of Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header: 74 26
  2. to propel, move forward Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-sturjan-gmw-pro-verb-Nj7T5xaV
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: staurijan, staur, sturi, þweran 
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "styrian"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: styrian, stirian\nMiddle English: stiren\nEnglish: stir\n→ Welsh: ystwyrian",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: styrian, stirian\nMiddle English: stiren\nEnglish: stir\n→ Welsh: ystwyrian"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osx",
            "2": "sturian"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Saxon: sturian",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Saxon: sturian"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "stü̂ren"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Low German: stü̂ren",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Low German: stü̂ren"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nds",
            "2": "sturen"
          },
          "expansion": "Low German: sturen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Low German: sturen"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*(s)twerH-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*sturjaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sturjaną",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*(s)twr̥H-yé-ti"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)twr̥H-yé-ti",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Presumably from Proto-Germanic *sturjaną, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *(s)twr̥H-yé-ti, from *(s)twerH- (“to stir up, agitate, propel”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturjan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturjannjas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "genitive",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturjannjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "dative",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturjannju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "instrumental",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturisi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturidēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturidōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturiþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturidē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturjum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturidum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturidud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturjanþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturidun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturjēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturjēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturidīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturjēþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturidīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturjēn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturidīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturjandī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "*sturjan",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/sturjan",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "staurijan"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "staur"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "sturi"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "þweran"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "57 43",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "70 30",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "74 26",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to stir up, agitate"
      ],
      "id": "en-sturjan-gmw-pro-verb--kMn~BuG",
      "links": [
        [
          "stir up",
          "stir up"
        ],
        [
          "agitate",
          "agitate"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to propel, move forward"
      ],
      "id": "en-sturjan-gmw-pro-verb-Nj7T5xaV",
      "links": [
        [
          "propel",
          "propel"
        ],
        [
          "move forward",
          "move forward"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "sturjan"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Proto-West Germanic class 1 weak verbs",
    "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
    "Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Proto-West Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)twerH-",
    "Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Proto-West Germanic verbs"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "styrian"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: styrian, stirian\nMiddle English: stiren\nEnglish: stir\n→ Welsh: ystwyrian",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: styrian, stirian\nMiddle English: stiren\nEnglish: stir\n→ Welsh: ystwyrian"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osx",
            "2": "sturian"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Saxon: sturian",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Saxon: sturian"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "stü̂ren"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Low German: stü̂ren",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Low German: stü̂ren"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nds",
            "2": "sturen"
          },
          "expansion": "Low German: sturen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Low German: sturen"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*(s)twerH-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*sturjaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sturjaną",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*(s)twr̥H-yé-ti"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)twr̥H-yé-ti",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Presumably from Proto-Germanic *sturjaną, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *(s)twr̥H-yé-ti, from *(s)twerH- (“to stir up, agitate, propel”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturjan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturjannjas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "genitive",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturjannjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "dative",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturjannju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "instrumental",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturisi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturidēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturidōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturiþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturidē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturjum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturidum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturidud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturjanþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturidun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturjēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturjēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturidīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturjēþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturidīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturjēn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturidīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturjandī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "*sturjan",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/sturjan",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "staurijan"
    },
    {
      "word": "staur"
    },
    {
      "word": "sturi"
    },
    {
      "word": "þweran"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to stir up, agitate"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "stir up",
          "stir up"
        ],
        [
          "agitate",
          "agitate"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to propel, move forward"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "propel",
          "propel"
        ],
        [
          "move forward",
          "move forward"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "sturjan"
}

Download raw JSONL data for sturjan meaning in Proto-West Germanic (6.3kB)

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.