"sturjan" meaning in All languages combined

See sturjan on Wiktionary

Verb [Proto-West Germanic]

Etymology: Presumably from Proto-Germanic *sturjaną, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *(s)twr̥H-yé-ti, from *(s)twerH- (“to stir up, agitate, propel”). Etymology templates: {{root|gmw-pro|ine-pro|*(s)twerH-}}, {{inh|gmw-pro|gem-pro|*sturjaną}} Proto-Germanic *sturjaną, {{inh|gmw-pro|ine-pro||*(s)twr̥H-yé-ti}} Proto-Indo-European *(s)twr̥H-yé-ti, {{m|ine-pro|*(s)twerH-|t=to stir up, agitate, propel}} *(s)twerH- (“to stir up, agitate, propel”) Head templates: {{head|gmw-pro|verb}} *sturjan Inflection templates: {{gmw-infl-verb-wk1}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], sturjan [class-1, infinitive, weak], sturjannjas [class-1, genitive, infinitive, weak], sturjannjē [class-1, dative, infinitive, weak], sturjannju [class-1, infinitive, instrumental, weak], sturju [class-1, first-person, present, singular, weak], sturidā [class-1, first-person, past, singular, weak], sturisi [class-1, present, second-person, singular, weak], sturidēs [class-1, past, second-person, singular, weak], sturidōs [class-1, past, second-person, singular, weak], sturiþi [class-1, present, singular, third-person, weak], sturidē [class-1, past, singular, third-person, weak], sturidā [class-1, past, singular, third-person, weak], sturjum [class-1, first-person, plural, present, weak], sturidum [class-1, first-person, past, plural, weak], sturiþ [class-1, plural, present, second-person, weak], sturidud [class-1, past, plural, second-person, weak], sturjanþ [class-1, plural, present, third-person, weak], sturidun [class-1, past, plural, third-person, weak], sturjē [class-1, first-person, present, singular, weak], sturidī [class-1, first-person, past, singular, weak], sturjēs [class-1, present, second-person, singular, weak], sturidī [class-1, past, second-person, singular, weak], sturjē [class-1, present, singular, third-person, weak], sturidī [class-1, past, singular, third-person, weak], sturjēm [class-1, first-person, plural, present, weak], sturidīm [class-1, first-person, past, plural, weak], sturjēþ [class-1, plural, present, second-person, weak], sturidīd [class-1, past, plural, second-person, weak], sturjēn [class-1, plural, present, third-person, weak], sturidīn [class-1, past, plural, third-person, weak], sturi [class-1, present, singular, weak], sturiþ [class-1, plural, present, weak], sturjandī [class-1, participle, present, weak], sturid [class-1, participle, past, weak]
  1. to stir up, agitate Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-sturjan-gmw-pro-verb--kMn~BuG
  2. to propel, move forward Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-sturjan-gmw-pro-verb-Nj7T5xaV Categories (other): Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header: 44 56
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: staurijan, staur, sturi, þweran

Download JSON data for sturjan meaning in All languages combined (6.2kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "styrian"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: styrian, stirian\nMiddle English: stiren\nEnglish: stir",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: styrian, stirian\nMiddle English: stiren\nEnglish: stir"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osx",
            "2": "sturian"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Saxon: sturian",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Saxon: sturian"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "stü̂ren"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Low German: stü̂ren",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Low German: stü̂ren"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nds",
            "2": "sturen"
          },
          "expansion": "Low German: sturen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Low German: sturen"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*(s)twerH-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*sturjaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sturjaną",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*(s)twr̥H-yé-ti"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)twr̥H-yé-ti",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*(s)twerH-",
        "t": "to stir up, agitate, propel"
      },
      "expansion": "*(s)twerH- (“to stir up, agitate, propel”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Presumably from Proto-Germanic *sturjaną, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *(s)twr̥H-yé-ti, from *(s)twerH- (“to stir up, agitate, propel”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturjan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturjannjas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "genitive",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturjannjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "dative",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturjannju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "instrumental",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturisi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturidēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturidōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturiþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturidē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturjum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturidum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturidud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturjanþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturidun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturjēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturjēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturidīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturjēþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturidīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturjēn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturidīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturjandī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "*sturjan",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/sturjan",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "staurijan"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "staur"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "sturi"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "þweran"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to stir up, agitate"
      ],
      "id": "en-sturjan-gmw-pro-verb--kMn~BuG",
      "links": [
        [
          "stir up",
          "stir up"
        ],
        [
          "agitate",
          "agitate"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "44 56",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to propel, move forward"
      ],
      "id": "en-sturjan-gmw-pro-verb-Nj7T5xaV",
      "links": [
        [
          "propel",
          "propel"
        ],
        [
          "move forward",
          "move forward"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "sturjan"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Proto-West Germanic class 1 weak verbs",
    "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
    "Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Proto-West Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)twerH-",
    "Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Proto-West Germanic verbs"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "styrian"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: styrian, stirian\nMiddle English: stiren\nEnglish: stir",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: styrian, stirian\nMiddle English: stiren\nEnglish: stir"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osx",
            "2": "sturian"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Saxon: sturian",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Saxon: sturian"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "stü̂ren"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Low German: stü̂ren",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Low German: stü̂ren"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nds",
            "2": "sturen"
          },
          "expansion": "Low German: sturen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Low German: sturen"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*(s)twerH-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*sturjaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sturjaną",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*(s)twr̥H-yé-ti"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)twr̥H-yé-ti",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*(s)twerH-",
        "t": "to stir up, agitate, propel"
      },
      "expansion": "*(s)twerH- (“to stir up, agitate, propel”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Presumably from Proto-Germanic *sturjaną, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *(s)twr̥H-yé-ti, from *(s)twerH- (“to stir up, agitate, propel”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturjan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturjannjas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "genitive",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturjannjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "dative",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturjannju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "instrumental",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturisi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturidēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturidōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturiþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturidē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturjum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturidum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturidud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturjanþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturidun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturjēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturjēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturidīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturjēþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturidīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturjēn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturidīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturjandī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sturid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "*sturjan",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/sturjan",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "staurijan"
    },
    {
      "word": "staur"
    },
    {
      "word": "sturi"
    },
    {
      "word": "þweran"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to stir up, agitate"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "stir up",
          "stir up"
        ],
        [
          "agitate",
          "agitate"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to propel, move forward"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "propel",
          "propel"
        ],
        [
          "move forward",
          "move forward"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "sturjan"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.