See kald in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for kald meaning in Proto-West Germanic (11.3kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ċeald"
},
"expansion": "Old English: ċeald, cald\nMiddle English: cold, cald, cheld, cheald, chald\nEnglish: cold\nGeordie English: cawd, cauld\nScots: cald, cauld\nYola: coale, khoal, cole",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: ċeald, cald\nMiddle English: cold, cald, cheld, cheald, chald\nEnglish: cold\nGeordie English: cawd, cauld\nScots: cald, cauld\nYola: coale, khoal, cole"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "kald"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: kald",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: kald"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "koold"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: koold",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: koold"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "kâld"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: kâld",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: kâld"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "kald"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: kald\nMiddle Low German: kold, kolt\nLow German:\nGerman Low German: kold, kol, kolt, koolt, koold\nWestphalian:\nRavensbergisch-Lippisch: käult\nSauerländisch: kàld\nWestmünsterländisch: kold\nPlautdietsch: kolt",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: kald\nMiddle Low German: kold, kolt\nLow German:\nGerman Low German: kold, kol, kolt, koolt, koold\nWestphalian:\nRavensbergisch-Lippisch: käult\nSauerländisch: kàld\nWestmünsterländisch: kold\nPlautdietsch: kolt"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "kalt",
"3": "*kald",
"4": "*kold"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: kalt, *kald, *kold",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "in toponyms"
},
"expansion": "(in toponyms)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: kalt, *kald, *kold (in toponyms)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "cout"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: cout, calt\nDutch: koud\nAfrikaans: koud\nBerbice Creole Dutch: kautu\nNegerhollands: koud, koude, kout, kot, kou\nSkepi Creole Dutch: kout\n→ Kwinti: kowru\n→ Saramaccan: koto\nLimburgish: kaad\nWest Flemish: koed, kod",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: cout, calt\nDutch: koud\nAfrikaans: koud\nBerbice Creole Dutch: kautu\nNegerhollands: koud, koude, kout, kot, kou\nSkepi Creole Dutch: kout\n→ Kwinti: kowru\n→ Saramaccan: koto\nLimburgish: kaad\nWest Flemish: koed, kod"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "kalt"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: kalt\nMiddle High German: kalt\nAlemannic German: chalt\nWalser: chalt, choalt, cholt, chélte\nBavarian: ckolt, kholt, kòlt, koid, kålt; ckolt; kholt; kòlt\nCimbrian: kalt, khalt\nMòcheno: khòlt, kòlt\nCentral Franconian: kalt\nGerman: kalt\nLuxembourgish: kal\nPennsylvania German: kalt\nVilamovian: kāłt\nYiddish: קאַלט (kalt)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: kalt\nMiddle High German: kalt\nAlemannic German: chalt\nWalser: chalt, choalt, cholt, chélte\nBavarian: ckolt, kholt, kòlt, koid, kålt; ckolt; kholt; kòlt\nCimbrian: kalt, khalt\nMòcheno: khòlt, kòlt\nCentral Franconian: kalt\nGerman: kalt\nLuxembourgish: kal\nPennsylvania German: kalt\nVilamovian: kāłt\nYiddish: קאַלט (kalt)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kaldaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kaldaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *kaldaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-adj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kald",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kald",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldanā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kald",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldeʀā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldumē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldeʀē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldumē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldeʀu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldeʀō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldeʀō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldeʀō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "*kald",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/kald",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"derived": [
{
"word": "kaldēn"
},
{
"word": "kaldijan"
},
{
"word": "kaldī"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cold"
],
"id": "en-kald-gmw-pro-adj-4nLe7N5y",
"links": [
[
"cold",
"cold"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "kalan"
},
{
"word": "kōl(ī)"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "kald"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ċeald",
"3": "cald"
},
"expansion": "Old English: ċeald, cald",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: ċeald, cald"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "cold",
"3": "cald",
"4": "chald"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: cold, cald, chald",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: cold, cald, chald"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cold"
},
"expansion": "English: cold",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: cold"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "cald"
},
"expansion": "Scots: cald",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: cald"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*kald"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *kald",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *kald"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "kalde",
"3": "kōlde",
"4": "kulde"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: kalde, kōlde, kulde",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: kalde, kōlde, kulde"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*kald",
"3": "*kalt"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *kald, *kalt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *kald, *kalt"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "colde",
"3": "calde",
"4": "coude",
"5": "couwe",
"6": "cout"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: colde, calde, coude, couwe, cout",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: colde, calde, coude, couwe, cout"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "koud"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: koud",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: koud"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "*kalt"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: *kalt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: *kalt"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "kalt",
"3": "kalte",
"4": "kalde"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: kalt, kalte, kalde",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: kalt, kalte, kalde"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Kalte"
},
"expansion": "German: Kalte",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Kalte"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kaldą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kaldą",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *kaldą.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Neuter a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kald",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kald",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "*kald n",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "n"
},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-a"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/kald",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 80",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cold, coldness"
],
"id": "en-kald-gmw-pro-noun-Kp93b3qM",
"links": [
[
"cold",
"cold"
],
[
"coldness",
"coldness"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "kald"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-West Germanic a-stem adjectives",
"Proto-West Germanic adjectives",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic neuter a-stem nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic neuter nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "kaldēn"
},
{
"word": "kaldijan"
},
{
"word": "kaldī"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ċeald"
},
"expansion": "Old English: ċeald, cald\nMiddle English: cold, cald, cheld, cheald, chald\nEnglish: cold\nGeordie English: cawd, cauld\nScots: cald, cauld\nYola: coale, khoal, cole",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: ċeald, cald\nMiddle English: cold, cald, cheld, cheald, chald\nEnglish: cold\nGeordie English: cawd, cauld\nScots: cald, cauld\nYola: coale, khoal, cole"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "kald"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: kald",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: kald"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "koold"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: koold",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: koold"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "kâld"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: kâld",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: kâld"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "kald"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: kald\nMiddle Low German: kold, kolt\nLow German:\nGerman Low German: kold, kol, kolt, koolt, koold\nWestphalian:\nRavensbergisch-Lippisch: käult\nSauerländisch: kàld\nWestmünsterländisch: kold\nPlautdietsch: kolt",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: kald\nMiddle Low German: kold, kolt\nLow German:\nGerman Low German: kold, kol, kolt, koolt, koold\nWestphalian:\nRavensbergisch-Lippisch: käult\nSauerländisch: kàld\nWestmünsterländisch: kold\nPlautdietsch: kolt"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "kalt",
"3": "*kald",
"4": "*kold"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: kalt, *kald, *kold",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "in toponyms"
},
"expansion": "(in toponyms)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: kalt, *kald, *kold (in toponyms)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "cout"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: cout, calt\nDutch: koud\nAfrikaans: koud\nBerbice Creole Dutch: kautu\nNegerhollands: koud, koude, kout, kot, kou\nSkepi Creole Dutch: kout\n→ Kwinti: kowru\n→ Saramaccan: koto\nLimburgish: kaad\nWest Flemish: koed, kod",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: cout, calt\nDutch: koud\nAfrikaans: koud\nBerbice Creole Dutch: kautu\nNegerhollands: koud, koude, kout, kot, kou\nSkepi Creole Dutch: kout\n→ Kwinti: kowru\n→ Saramaccan: koto\nLimburgish: kaad\nWest Flemish: koed, kod"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "kalt"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: kalt\nMiddle High German: kalt\nAlemannic German: chalt\nWalser: chalt, choalt, cholt, chélte\nBavarian: ckolt, kholt, kòlt, koid, kålt; ckolt; kholt; kòlt\nCimbrian: kalt, khalt\nMòcheno: khòlt, kòlt\nCentral Franconian: kalt\nGerman: kalt\nLuxembourgish: kal\nPennsylvania German: kalt\nVilamovian: kāłt\nYiddish: קאַלט (kalt)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: kalt\nMiddle High German: kalt\nAlemannic German: chalt\nWalser: chalt, choalt, cholt, chélte\nBavarian: ckolt, kholt, kòlt, koid, kålt; ckolt; kholt; kòlt\nCimbrian: kalt, khalt\nMòcheno: khòlt, kòlt\nCentral Franconian: kalt\nGerman: kalt\nLuxembourgish: kal\nPennsylvania German: kalt\nVilamovian: kāłt\nYiddish: קאַלט (kalt)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kaldaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kaldaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *kaldaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-adj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kald",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kald",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldanā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kald",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldeʀā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldumē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldeʀē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldumē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldeʀu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldeʀō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldeʀō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldeʀō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "*kald",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/kald",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "kalan"
},
{
"word": "kōl(ī)"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"gmw-pro:Temperature"
],
"glosses": [
"cold"
],
"links": [
[
"cold",
"cold"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "kald"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic neuter a-stem nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic neuter nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ċeald",
"3": "cald"
},
"expansion": "Old English: ċeald, cald",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: ċeald, cald"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "cold",
"3": "cald",
"4": "chald"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: cold, cald, chald",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: cold, cald, chald"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cold"
},
"expansion": "English: cold",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: cold"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "cald"
},
"expansion": "Scots: cald",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: cald"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*kald"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *kald",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *kald"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "kalde",
"3": "kōlde",
"4": "kulde"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: kalde, kōlde, kulde",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: kalde, kōlde, kulde"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*kald",
"3": "*kalt"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *kald, *kalt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *kald, *kalt"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "colde",
"3": "calde",
"4": "coude",
"5": "couwe",
"6": "cout"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: colde, calde, coude, couwe, cout",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: colde, calde, coude, couwe, cout"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "koud"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: koud",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: koud"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "*kalt"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: *kalt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: *kalt"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "kalt",
"3": "kalte",
"4": "kalde"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: kalt, kalte, kalde",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: kalt, kalte, kalde"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Kalte"
},
"expansion": "German: Kalte",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Kalte"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kaldą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kaldą",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *kaldą.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Neuter a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kald",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kald",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaldum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "*kald n",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "n"
},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-a"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/kald",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"cold, coldness"
],
"links": [
[
"cold",
"cold"
],
[
"coldness",
"coldness"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "kald"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.