"kōl(ī)" meaning in Proto-West Germanic

See kōl(ī) in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

Etymology: From Proto-Germanic *kōlaz, *kōluz + *-ī (adjective suffix). Etymology templates: {{inh|gmw-pro|gem-pro|*kōlaz}} Proto-Germanic *kōlaz, {{suf|gmw-pro||*-ī|id2=adjective|pos2=adjective suffix}} + *-ī (adjective suffix) Head templates: {{head|gmw-pro|adjective}} *kōl(ī) Inflection templates: {{gmw-infl-adj|kōl}}, {{gmw-infl-adj|kōlī}} Forms: kōl [canonical], ī [romanization], no-table-tags [table-tags], kōl [masculine, nominative, singular], kōlu [feminine, nominative, singular], kōl [neuter, nominative, singular], kōlanā [accusative, masculine, singular], kōlā [accusative, feminine, singular], kōl [accusative, neuter, singular], kōlas [genitive, masculine, singular], kōleʀā [feminine, genitive, singular], kōlas [genitive, neuter, singular], kōlumē [dative, masculine, singular], kōleʀē [dative, feminine, singular], kōlumē [dative, neuter, singular], kōlu [instrumental, masculine, singular], kōleʀu [feminine, instrumental, singular], kōlu [instrumental, neuter, singular], kōlē [masculine, nominative, plural], kōlō [feminine, nominative, plural], kōlu [neuter, nominative, plural], kōlā [accusative, masculine, plural], kōlā [accusative, feminine, plural], kōlu [accusative, neuter, plural], kōleʀō [genitive, masculine, plural], kōleʀō [feminine, genitive, plural], kōleʀō [genitive, neuter, plural], kōlēm [dative, masculine, plural], kōlum [dative, masculine, plural], kōlēm [dative, feminine, plural], kōlum [dative, feminine, plural], kōlēm [dative, neuter, plural], kōlum [dative, neuter, plural], kōlēm [instrumental, masculine, plural], kōlum [instrumental, masculine, plural], kōlēm [feminine, instrumental, plural], kōlum [feminine, instrumental, plural], kōlēm [instrumental, neuter, plural], kōlum [instrumental, neuter, plural], no-table-tags [table-tags], kōlī [masculine, nominative, singular], kōliju [feminine, nominative, singular], kōlī [neuter, nominative, singular], kōlijanā [accusative, masculine, singular], kōlijā [accusative, feminine, singular], kōlī [accusative, neuter, singular], kōlijas [genitive, masculine, singular], kōlijeʀā [feminine, genitive, singular], kōlijas [genitive, neuter, singular], kōlijumē [dative, masculine, singular], kōlijeʀē [dative, feminine, singular], kōlijumē [dative, neuter, singular], kōliju [instrumental, masculine, singular], kōlijeʀu [feminine, instrumental, singular], kōliju [instrumental, neuter, singular], kōlijē [masculine, nominative, plural], kōlijō [feminine, nominative, plural], kōliju [neuter, nominative, plural], kōlijā [accusative, masculine, plural], kōlijā [accusative, feminine, plural], kōliju [accusative, neuter, plural], kōlijeʀō [genitive, masculine, plural], kōlijeʀō [feminine, genitive, plural], kōlijeʀō [genitive, neuter, plural], kōlijēm [dative, masculine, plural], kōlijum [dative, masculine, plural], kōlijēm [dative, feminine, plural], kōlijum [dative, feminine, plural], kōlijēm [dative, neuter, plural], kōlijum [dative, neuter, plural], kōlijēm [instrumental, masculine, plural], kōlijum [instrumental, masculine, plural], kōlijēm [feminine, instrumental, plural], kōlijum [feminine, instrumental, plural], kōlijēm [instrumental, neuter, plural], kōlijum [instrumental, neuter, plural]
  1. cool Tags: reconstruction Derived forms: kōlēn, kōlī, kōlijan, kōliþu, kōlōn Related terms: kalan, kald

Download JSON data for kōl(ī) meaning in Proto-West Germanic (12.6kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "cōl",
            "3": "*cœ̄l",
            "4": "*cēl"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: cōl, *cœ̄l, *cēl",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: cōl, *cœ̄l, *cēl"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "col",
            "3": "coul",
            "4": "cool"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: col, coul, cool",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: col, coul, cool"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "cool"
          },
          "expansion": "English: cool",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: cool (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "coolth",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ English: coolth",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ English: coolth"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "cule",
            "3": "cuill",
            "4": "kuil",
            "5": "ceul",
            "6": "kül",
            "7": "queel"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: cule, cuill, kuil, ceul, kül, queel",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: cule, cuill, kuil, ceul, kül, queel"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "queelie",
            "3": "kjöl",
            "der": "1",
            "t2": "coolness"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Scots: queelie, kjöl (“coolness”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Scots: queelie, kjöl (“coolness”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "cōlnes",
            "3": "cœ̄lnes",
            "4": "cēlnes",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Old English: cōlnes, cœ̄lnes, cēlnes",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Old English: cōlnes, cœ̄lnes, cēlnes"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "colnesse"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: colnesse",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: colnesse"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "coolness"
          },
          "expansion": "English: coolness",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: coolness"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ofs",
            "2": "*kōl"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Frisian: *kōl",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Frisian: *kōl"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "stq",
            "2": "köil"
          },
          "expansion": "Saterland Frisian: köil",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Saterland Frisian: köil"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fy",
            "2": "koel"
          },
          "expansion": "West Frisian: koel",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "possibly borrowed from Dutch"
          },
          "expansion": "(possibly borrowed from Dutch)",
          "name": "i"
        }
      ],
      "text": "West Frisian: koel (possibly borrowed from Dutch)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osx",
            "2": "*kōli",
            "3": "*kōl"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Saxon: *kōli, *kōl",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Saxon: *kōli, *kōl"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "kôle",
            "3": "kôl",
            "4": "kȫl"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Low German: kôle, kôl, kȫl",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Low German: kôle, kôl, kȫl"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nds-de",
            "2": "köhl"
          },
          "expansion": "German Low German: köhl",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German Low German: köhl"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nds",
            "2": "kool",
            "3": "kööl",
            "4": "köhl"
          },
          "expansion": "Low German: kool, kööl, köhl",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Low German: kool, kööl, köhl"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "odt",
            "2": "*kuol"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Dutch: *kuol\nMiddle Dutch: coel\nDutch: koel\nLimburgish: keul, kool",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Dutch: *kuol\nMiddle Dutch: coel\nDutch: koel\nLimburgish: keul, kool"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "kuoli",
            "id": "cool"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: kuoli, chuali, chuoli, kuali\nMiddle High German: küele, küel, kůl, kule\nAlemannic German: chüel\nAlsatian: kiahl\nSwabian: kiahl\nBavarian:\nHianzisch: kiahl\nCentral Franconian: köhl, kehl, kiehl\nHunsrik: kiel\nLuxembourgish: kill\nGerman: kühl\nRhine Franconian:\nHessian: kihl, koil\nPalatine German: kihl\nPennsylvania German: kiehl\nVilamovian: kīł",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: kuoli, chuali, chuoli, kuali\nMiddle High German: küele, küel, kůl, kule\nAlemannic German: chüel\nAlsatian: kiahl\nSwabian: kiahl\nBavarian:\nHianzisch: kiahl\nCentral Franconian: köhl, kehl, kiehl\nHunsrik: kiel\nLuxembourgish: kill\nGerman: kühl\nRhine Franconian:\nHessian: kihl, koil\nPalatine German: kihl\nPennsylvania German: kiehl\nVilamovian: kīł"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*kōlaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kōlaz",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*-ī",
        "id2": "adjective",
        "pos2": "adjective suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "+ *-ī (adjective suffix)",
      "name": "suf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *kōlaz, *kōluz + *-ī (adjective suffix).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kōl",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ī",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gmw-infl-adj",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlanā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōleʀā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlumē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōleʀē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlumē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōleʀu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōleʀō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōleʀō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōleʀō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gmw-infl-adj",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōliju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlijanā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlijā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlijas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlijeʀā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlijas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlijumē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlijeʀē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlijumē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōliju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlijeʀu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōliju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlijē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlijō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōliju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlijā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlijā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōliju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlijeʀō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlijeʀō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlijeʀō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlijēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlijum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlijēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlijum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlijēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlijum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlijēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlijum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlijēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlijum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlijēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlijum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "*kōl(ī)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kōl"
      },
      "name": "gmw-infl-adj"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kōlī"
      },
      "name": "gmw-infl-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/kōl(ī)",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-ī (adjective)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "kōlēn"
        },
        {
          "word": "kōlī"
        },
        {
          "word": "kōlijan"
        },
        {
          "word": "kōliþu"
        },
        {
          "word": "kōlōn"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cool"
      ],
      "id": "en-kōl(ī)-gmw-pro-adj-w0BFwaHb",
      "links": [
        [
          "cool",
          "cool"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "kalan"
        },
        {
          "word": "kald"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "kōl(ī)"
}
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "kōlēn"
    },
    {
      "word": "kōlī"
    },
    {
      "word": "kōlijan"
    },
    {
      "word": "kōliþu"
    },
    {
      "word": "kōlōn"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "cōl",
            "3": "*cœ̄l",
            "4": "*cēl"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: cōl, *cœ̄l, *cēl",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: cōl, *cœ̄l, *cēl"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "col",
            "3": "coul",
            "4": "cool"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: col, coul, cool",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: col, coul, cool"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "cool"
          },
          "expansion": "English: cool",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: cool (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "coolth",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ English: coolth",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ English: coolth"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "cule",
            "3": "cuill",
            "4": "kuil",
            "5": "ceul",
            "6": "kül",
            "7": "queel"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: cule, cuill, kuil, ceul, kül, queel",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: cule, cuill, kuil, ceul, kül, queel"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "queelie",
            "3": "kjöl",
            "der": "1",
            "t2": "coolness"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Scots: queelie, kjöl (“coolness”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Scots: queelie, kjöl (“coolness”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "cōlnes",
            "3": "cœ̄lnes",
            "4": "cēlnes",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Old English: cōlnes, cœ̄lnes, cēlnes",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Old English: cōlnes, cœ̄lnes, cēlnes"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "colnesse"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: colnesse",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: colnesse"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "coolness"
          },
          "expansion": "English: coolness",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: coolness"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ofs",
            "2": "*kōl"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Frisian: *kōl",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Frisian: *kōl"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "stq",
            "2": "köil"
          },
          "expansion": "Saterland Frisian: köil",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Saterland Frisian: köil"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fy",
            "2": "koel"
          },
          "expansion": "West Frisian: koel",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "possibly borrowed from Dutch"
          },
          "expansion": "(possibly borrowed from Dutch)",
          "name": "i"
        }
      ],
      "text": "West Frisian: koel (possibly borrowed from Dutch)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osx",
            "2": "*kōli",
            "3": "*kōl"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Saxon: *kōli, *kōl",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Saxon: *kōli, *kōl"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "kôle",
            "3": "kôl",
            "4": "kȫl"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Low German: kôle, kôl, kȫl",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Low German: kôle, kôl, kȫl"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nds-de",
            "2": "köhl"
          },
          "expansion": "German Low German: köhl",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German Low German: köhl"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nds",
            "2": "kool",
            "3": "kööl",
            "4": "köhl"
          },
          "expansion": "Low German: kool, kööl, köhl",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Low German: kool, kööl, köhl"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "odt",
            "2": "*kuol"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Dutch: *kuol\nMiddle Dutch: coel\nDutch: koel\nLimburgish: keul, kool",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Dutch: *kuol\nMiddle Dutch: coel\nDutch: koel\nLimburgish: keul, kool"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "kuoli",
            "id": "cool"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: kuoli, chuali, chuoli, kuali\nMiddle High German: küele, küel, kůl, kule\nAlemannic German: chüel\nAlsatian: kiahl\nSwabian: kiahl\nBavarian:\nHianzisch: kiahl\nCentral Franconian: köhl, kehl, kiehl\nHunsrik: kiel\nLuxembourgish: kill\nGerman: kühl\nRhine Franconian:\nHessian: kihl, koil\nPalatine German: kihl\nPennsylvania German: kiehl\nVilamovian: kīł",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: kuoli, chuali, chuoli, kuali\nMiddle High German: küele, küel, kůl, kule\nAlemannic German: chüel\nAlsatian: kiahl\nSwabian: kiahl\nBavarian:\nHianzisch: kiahl\nCentral Franconian: köhl, kehl, kiehl\nHunsrik: kiel\nLuxembourgish: kill\nGerman: kühl\nRhine Franconian:\nHessian: kihl, koil\nPalatine German: kihl\nPennsylvania German: kiehl\nVilamovian: kīł"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*kōlaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kōlaz",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*-ī",
        "id2": "adjective",
        "pos2": "adjective suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "+ *-ī (adjective suffix)",
      "name": "suf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *kōlaz, *kōluz + *-ī (adjective suffix).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kōl",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ī",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gmw-infl-adj",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlanā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōleʀā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlumē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōleʀē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlumē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōleʀu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōleʀō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōleʀō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōleʀō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gmw-infl-adj",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōliju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlijanā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlijā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlijas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlijeʀā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlijas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlijumē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlijeʀē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlijumē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōliju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlijeʀu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōliju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlijē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlijō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōliju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlijā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlijā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōliju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlijeʀō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlijeʀō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlijeʀō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlijēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlijum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlijēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlijum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlijēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlijum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlijēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlijum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlijēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlijum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlijēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kōlijum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "*kōl(ī)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kōl"
      },
      "name": "gmw-infl-adj"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kōlī"
      },
      "name": "gmw-infl-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/kōl(ī)",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "kalan"
    },
    {
      "word": "kald"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Proto-West Germanic a-stem adjectives",
        "Proto-West Germanic adjectives",
        "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-West Germanic ja-stem adjectives",
        "Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
        "Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
        "Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
        "Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-ī (adjective)",
        "gmw-pro:Temperature"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cool"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cool",
          "cool"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "kōl(ī)"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-06 using wiktextract (6c02f21 and 0136956). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.