See hlūdēn in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "hlūdōn"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: hlūdōn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: hlūdōn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "lūden"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: lūden",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: lūden"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "lūdon"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: lūdon",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: lūdon"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "luden"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: luden",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: luden"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "luiden"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: luiden",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: luiden"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "lūtēn"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: lūtēn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: lūtēn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "lūten"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: lūten",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: lūten"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "lauten"
},
"expansion": "German: lauten",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: lauten"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*hlūd",
"3": "*-ēn",
"id2": "stative-fientive",
"t1": "loud"
},
"expansion": "*hlūd (“loud”) + *-ēn",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *hlūd (“loud”) + *-ēn.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk3",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hlūdēn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "hlūdēnijas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "hlūdēnijē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "hlūdēniju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "hlūdē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hlūd?dā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hlūdēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hlūd?dēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hlūdēþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hlūd?dē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hlūd?dā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hlūdēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hlūd?dum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hlūdēþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hlūd?dud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hlūdēnþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hlūd?dun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hlūd?dī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hlūd?dī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hlūdē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hlūd?dī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hlūd?dīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hlūd?dīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hlūdēn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hlūd?dīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hlūdē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hlūdēþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hlūdēndī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hlūd?d",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*hlūdēn",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk3"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/hlūdēn",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "hlūdijan"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to sound"
],
"id": "en-hlūdēn-gmw-pro-verb-BkdNUC-g",
"links": [
[
"sound",
"sound"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "42 58",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 79",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 88",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 93",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-ēn (stative-fientive)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to become loud"
],
"id": "en-hlūdēn-gmw-pro-verb-jZJudlg2",
"links": [
[
"become",
"become"
],
[
"loud",
"loud"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "hlūdēn"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-West Germanic class 3 weak verbs",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-ēn (stative-fientive)",
"Proto-West Germanic verbs"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "hlūdōn"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: hlūdōn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: hlūdōn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "lūden"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: lūden",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: lūden"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "lūdon"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: lūdon",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: lūdon"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "luden"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: luden",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: luden"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "luiden"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: luiden",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: luiden"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "lūtēn"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: lūtēn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: lūtēn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "lūten"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: lūten",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: lūten"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "lauten"
},
"expansion": "German: lauten",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: lauten"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*hlūd",
"3": "*-ēn",
"id2": "stative-fientive",
"t1": "loud"
},
"expansion": "*hlūd (“loud”) + *-ēn",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *hlūd (“loud”) + *-ēn.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk3",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hlūdēn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "hlūdēnijas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "hlūdēnijē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "hlūdēniju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "hlūdē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hlūd?dā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hlūdēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hlūd?dēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hlūdēþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hlūd?dē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hlūd?dā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hlūdēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hlūd?dum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hlūdēþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hlūd?dud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hlūdēnþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hlūd?dun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hlūd?dī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hlūd?dī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hlūdē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hlūd?dī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hlūd?dīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hlūd?dīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hlūdēn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hlūd?dīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hlūdē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hlūdēþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hlūdēndī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hlūd?d",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*hlūdēn",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk3"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/hlūdēn",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "hlūdijan"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"gmw-pro:Sound"
],
"glosses": [
"to sound"
],
"links": [
[
"sound",
"sound"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to become loud"
],
"links": [
[
"become",
"become"
],
[
"loud",
"loud"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "hlūdēn"
}
Download raw JSONL data for hlūdēn meaning in Proto-West Germanic (5.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-21 using wiktextract (7c21d10 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.