"fūlijan" meaning in Proto-West Germanic

See fūlijan in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

Etymology: From Proto-Germanic *fūlijaną. Equivalent to *fūl (“foul, dirty”) + *-jan. Etymology templates: {{inh|gmw-pro|gem-pro|*fūlijaną}} Proto-Germanic *fūlijaną, {{af|gmw-pro|*fūl|*-jan|id2=factitive|t1=foul, dirty}} *fūl (“foul, dirty”) + *-jan Head templates: {{head|gmw-pro|verb}} *fūlijan Inflection templates: {{gmw-infl-verb-wk1}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], fūlijan [class-1, infinitive, weak], fūlijannjas [class-1, genitive, infinitive, weak], fūlijannjē [class-1, dative, infinitive, weak], fūlijannju [class-1, infinitive, instrumental, weak], fūliju [class-1, first-person, present, singular, weak], fūlidā [class-1, first-person, past, singular, weak], fūlisi [class-1, present, second-person, singular, weak], fūlidēs [class-1, past, second-person, singular, weak], fūlidōs [class-1, past, second-person, singular, weak], fūliþi [class-1, present, singular, third-person, weak], fūlidē [class-1, past, singular, third-person, weak], fūlidā [class-1, past, singular, third-person, weak], fūlijum [class-1, first-person, plural, present, weak], fūlidum [class-1, first-person, past, plural, weak], fūliþ [class-1, plural, present, second-person, weak], fūlidud [class-1, past, plural, second-person, weak], fūlijanþ [class-1, plural, present, third-person, weak], fūlidun [class-1, past, plural, third-person, weak], fūlijē [class-1, first-person, present, singular, weak], fūlidī [class-1, first-person, past, singular, weak], fūlijēs [class-1, present, second-person, singular, weak], fūlidī [class-1, past, second-person, singular, weak], fūlijē [class-1, present, singular, third-person, weak], fūlidī [class-1, past, singular, third-person, weak], fūlijēm [class-1, first-person, plural, present, weak], fūlidīm [class-1, first-person, past, plural, weak], fūlijēþ [class-1, plural, present, second-person, weak], fūlidīd [class-1, past, plural, second-person, weak], fūlijēn [class-1, plural, present, third-person, weak], fūlidīn [class-1, past, plural, third-person, weak], fūli [class-1, present, singular, weak], fūliþ [class-1, plural, present, weak], fūlijandī [class-1, participle, present, weak], fūlid [class-1, participle, past, weak]
  1. to befoul, make dirty Tags: reconstruction Derived forms: bifūlijan Related terms: fūlēn
    Sense id: en-fūlijan-gmw-pro-verb-bNf6fws~ Categories (other): Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header, Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-jan (factitive)

Download JSON data for fūlijan meaning in Proto-West Germanic (6.2kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "fȳlan"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: fȳlan\nMiddle English: fulen, fuilen, filen\nEnglish: file",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: fȳlan\nMiddle English: fulen, fuilen, filen\nEnglish: file"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osx",
            "2": "fūlian"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Saxon: fūlian",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Saxon: fūlian"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "vü̂len"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Low German: vü̂len",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Low German: vü̂len"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "odt",
            "2": "*fūlen"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Dutch: *fūlen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Dutch: *fūlen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dum",
            "2": "vulen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Dutch: vulen",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "merged with the descendant of *fūlēn"
          },
          "expansion": "(merged with the descendant of *fūlēn)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Dutch: vulen (merged with the descendant of *fūlēn)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "vuilen"
          },
          "expansion": "Dutch: vuilen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dutch: vuilen"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*fūlijaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fūlijaną",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "*fūl",
        "3": "*-jan",
        "id2": "factitive",
        "t1": "foul, dirty"
      },
      "expansion": "*fūl (“foul, dirty”) + *-jan",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *fūlijaną. Equivalent to *fūl (“foul, dirty”) + *-jan.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūlijan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūlijannjas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "genitive",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūlijannjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "dative",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūlijannju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "instrumental",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūliju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūlidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūlisi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūlidēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūlidōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūliþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūlidē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūlidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūlijum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūlidum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūliþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūlidud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūlijanþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūlidun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūlijē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūlidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūlijēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūlidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūlijē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūlidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūlijēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūlidīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūlijēþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūlidīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūlijēn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūlidīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūli",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūliþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūlijandī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūlid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "*fūlijan",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/fūlijan",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-jan (factitive)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "bifūlijan"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to befoul, make dirty"
      ],
      "id": "en-fūlijan-gmw-pro-verb-bNf6fws~",
      "links": [
        [
          "befoul",
          "befoul"
        ],
        [
          "dirty",
          "dirty"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "fūlēn"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "fūlijan"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "bifūlijan"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "fȳlan"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: fȳlan\nMiddle English: fulen, fuilen, filen\nEnglish: file",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: fȳlan\nMiddle English: fulen, fuilen, filen\nEnglish: file"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osx",
            "2": "fūlian"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Saxon: fūlian",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Saxon: fūlian"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "vü̂len"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Low German: vü̂len",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Low German: vü̂len"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "odt",
            "2": "*fūlen"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Dutch: *fūlen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Dutch: *fūlen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dum",
            "2": "vulen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Dutch: vulen",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "merged with the descendant of *fūlēn"
          },
          "expansion": "(merged with the descendant of *fūlēn)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Dutch: vulen (merged with the descendant of *fūlēn)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "vuilen"
          },
          "expansion": "Dutch: vuilen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dutch: vuilen"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*fūlijaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fūlijaną",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "*fūl",
        "3": "*-jan",
        "id2": "factitive",
        "t1": "foul, dirty"
      },
      "expansion": "*fūl (“foul, dirty”) + *-jan",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *fūlijaną. Equivalent to *fūl (“foul, dirty”) + *-jan.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūlijan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūlijannjas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "genitive",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūlijannjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "dative",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūlijannju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "instrumental",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūliju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūlidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūlisi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūlidēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūlidōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūliþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūlidē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūlidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūlijum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūlidum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūliþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūlidud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūlijanþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūlidun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūlijē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūlidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūlijēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūlidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūlijē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūlidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūlijēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūlidīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūlijēþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūlidīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūlijēn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūlidīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūli",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūliþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūlijandī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūlid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "*fūlijan",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/fūlijan",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "fūlēn"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Proto-West Germanic class 1 weak verbs",
        "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
        "Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
        "Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
        "Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-jan (factitive)",
        "Proto-West Germanic verbs",
        "gmw-pro:Hygiene"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to befoul, make dirty"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "befoul",
          "befoul"
        ],
        [
          "dirty",
          "dirty"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "fūlijan"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-06 using wiktextract (6c02f21 and 0136956). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.