See xoldъ in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{ "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [], "text": "East Slavic:" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "be", "2": "хо́лад" }, "expansion": "Belarusian: хо́лад (xólad)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Belarusian: хо́лад (xólad)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ru", "2": "хо́лод" }, "expansion": "Russian: хо́лод (xólod)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Russian: хо́лод (xólod)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "uk", "2": "хо́лод" }, "expansion": "Ukrainian: хо́лод (xólod)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Ukrainian: хо́лод (xólod)" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [], "text": "South Slavic:" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [], "text": "Old Church Slavonic:" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "cu", "2": "хладъ", "sclb": "1" }, "expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: хладъ (xladŭ)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Old Cyrillic script: хладъ (xladŭ)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "cu", "2": "ⱈⰾⰰⰴⱏ", "sclb": "1" }, "expansion": "Glagolitic script: ⱈⰾⰰⰴⱏ (xladŭ)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Glagolitic script: ⱈⰾⰰⰴⱏ (xladŭ)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "bg", "2": "хлад" }, "expansion": "Bulgarian: хлад (hlad)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Bulgarian: хлад (hlad)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "mk", "2": "лад" }, "expansion": "Macedonian: лад (lad)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Macedonian: лад (lad)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sh", "2": "-" }, "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Serbo-Croatian:" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sh", "2": "хла̑д", "sclb": "1" }, "expansion": "Cyrillic script: хла̑д", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Cyrillic script: хла̑д" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sh", "2": "hlȃd", "sclb": "1" }, "expansion": "Latin script: hlȃd", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Latin script: hlȃd" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sl", "2": "hlȃd", "alt": "", "bor": "", "der": "", "g": "", "pos": "", "t": "coolness" }, "expansion": "Slovene: hlȃd (“coolness”)", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "tonal orthography" }, "expansion": "(tonal orthography)", "name": "i" }, { "args": { "1": "hlȃd", "gloss": "coolness" }, "expansion": "Slovene: hlȃd (“coolness”) (tonal orthography)", "name": "desc/sl-tonal" } ], "text": "Slovene: hlȃd (“coolness”) (tonal orthography); dialectal hlad (“shadow”)" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [], "text": "West Slavic:" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "zlw-ocs", "2": "chlad" }, "expansion": "Old Czech: chlad", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Old Czech: chlad" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "cs", "2": "chlad" }, "expansion": "Czech: chlad", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Czech: chlad" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "csb", "2": "chłód" }, "expansion": "Kashubian: chłód", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Kashubian: chłód" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pox", "2": "xlåd" }, "expansion": "Polabian: xlåd", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Polabian: xlåd" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pl", "2": "chłód" }, "expansion": "Polish: chłód", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Polish: chłód" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sk", "2": "chlad" }, "expansion": "Slovak: chlad", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Slovak: chlad" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "zlw-slv", "2": "chlôd" }, "expansion": "Slovincian: chlôd", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Slovincian: chlôd" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [], "text": "Sorbian:" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "hsb", "2": "chłód" }, "expansion": "Upper Sorbian: chłód", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Upper Sorbian: chłód, gen. chłoda" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "dsb", "2": "chłodk", "t": "coolness, shade" }, "expansion": "Lower Sorbian: chłodk (“coolness, shade”)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Lower Sorbian: chłodk (“coolness, shade”)" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sla-pro", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*gel-" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gel-", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "la", "2": "gelidus", "t": "cool, icy" }, "expansion": "Latin gelidus (“cool, icy”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "cold" }, "expansion": "English cold", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "sa", "2": "जड" }, "expansion": "Sanskrit जड (jaḍa)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "sla-pro", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*ḱelH-" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱelH-", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "lt", "2": "šáltas", "t": "cold" }, "expansion": "Lithuanian šáltas (“cold”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "ae", "2": "𐬯𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬙𐬀" }, "expansion": "Avestan 𐬯𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬙𐬀 (sar^əta)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "fa", "2": "سرد", "tr": "sard" }, "expansion": "Persian سرد (sard)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "os", "2": "салд" }, "expansion": "Ossetian салд (sald)", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "Unclear.\n* Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *gel- (reconstructed by Illich-Svitych as *(s)gel- in order to accommodate the Slavic data), in which case it is cognate with Latin gelidus (“cool, icy”), English cold, Sanskrit जड (jaḍa), but initial *x- is hard to explain.\n* Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *ḱelH-, in which case it is cognate with Lithuanian šáltas (“cold”), Avestan 𐬯𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬙𐬀 (sar^əta), Persian سرد (sard), Ossetian салд (sald), but initial *x- is likewise hard to explain.", "forms": [ { "form": "xȏldъ", "tags": [ "canonical", "masculine" ] }, { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "sla-decl-noun", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "o-stem", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "c", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accent-paradigm" ] }, { "form": "xȏldъ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "xȏlda", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "nominative" ] }, { "form": "xȏldi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "xȏlda", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "xoldù", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "genitive" ] }, { "form": "xõldъ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "xȏldu", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "xoldomà", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "xoldòmъ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "xȏldъ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "xȏlda", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "xȏldy", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "xȏldъmь", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "singular" ] }, { "form": "xȏldomь", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "singular" ] }, { "form": "xoldomà", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "instrumental" ] }, { "form": "xoldý", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "plural" ] }, { "form": "xȏldě", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "locative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "xoldù", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "locative" ] }, { "form": "xoldě̃xъ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "locative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "xolde", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "singular", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "xȏlda", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "xȏldi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "plural", "vocative" ] } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "xȏldъ", "ap": "c" }, "name": "sla-decl-noun" } ], "lang": "Proto-Slavic", "lang_code": "sla-pro", "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/xoldъ", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 1 entry", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm c", "parents": [], "source": "w" } ], "derived": [ { "word": "xolditi" }, { "english": "to cool", "word": "xolďati" }, { "word": "xolděti" }, { "english": "to be cold, to chill", "word": "xoldьněti" }, { "english": "cold, chilly", "word": "xoldьnъ" }, { "english": "cool", "word": "xoldъkъ" }, { "word": "xoldina" }, { "english": "chilliness", "word": "xoldota" }, { "english": "chilliness", "word": "xoldoťa" }, { "english": "coolness", "word": "xoldьcь" } ], "glosses": [ "cold, coolness" ], "id": "en-xoldъ-sla-pro-noun-dvfUi7G0", "links": [ [ "cold", "cold" ], [ "coolness", "coolness" ] ], "related": [ { "english": "hunger", "word": "goldъ" }, { "english": "ice crystal", "word": "golotь" }, { "word": "želdь" }, { "english": "hail, frost", "word": "želdica" }, { "english": "hoarfrost", "word": "solna" }, { "word": "koldędzь" }, { "word": "koldenьcь" }, { "english": "well", "word": "koldьcь" } ], "tags": [ "reconstruction" ], "wikipedia": [ "Marko Snoj", "Rick Derksen" ] } ], "word": "xoldъ" }
{ "derived": [ { "word": "xolditi" }, { "english": "to cool", "word": "xolďati" }, { "word": "xolděti" }, { "english": "to be cold, to chill", "word": "xoldьněti" }, { "english": "cold, chilly", "word": "xoldьnъ" }, { "english": "cool", "word": "xoldъkъ" }, { "word": "xoldina" }, { "english": "chilliness", "word": "xoldota" }, { "english": "chilliness", "word": "xoldoťa" }, { "english": "coolness", "word": "xoldьcь" } ], "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [], "text": "East Slavic:" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "be", "2": "хо́лад" }, "expansion": "Belarusian: хо́лад (xólad)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Belarusian: хо́лад (xólad)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ru", "2": "хо́лод" }, "expansion": "Russian: хо́лод (xólod)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Russian: хо́лод (xólod)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "uk", "2": "хо́лод" }, "expansion": "Ukrainian: хо́лод (xólod)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Ukrainian: хо́лод (xólod)" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [], "text": "South Slavic:" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [], "text": "Old Church Slavonic:" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "cu", "2": "хладъ", "sclb": "1" }, "expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: хладъ (xladŭ)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Old Cyrillic script: хладъ (xladŭ)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "cu", "2": "ⱈⰾⰰⰴⱏ", "sclb": "1" }, "expansion": "Glagolitic script: ⱈⰾⰰⰴⱏ (xladŭ)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Glagolitic script: ⱈⰾⰰⰴⱏ (xladŭ)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "bg", "2": "хлад" }, "expansion": "Bulgarian: хлад (hlad)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Bulgarian: хлад (hlad)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "mk", "2": "лад" }, "expansion": "Macedonian: лад (lad)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Macedonian: лад (lad)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sh", "2": "-" }, "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Serbo-Croatian:" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sh", "2": "хла̑д", "sclb": "1" }, "expansion": "Cyrillic script: хла̑д", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Cyrillic script: хла̑д" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sh", "2": "hlȃd", "sclb": "1" }, "expansion": "Latin script: hlȃd", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Latin script: hlȃd" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sl", "2": "hlȃd", "alt": "", "bor": "", "der": "", "g": "", "pos": "", "t": "coolness" }, "expansion": "Slovene: hlȃd (“coolness”)", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "tonal orthography" }, "expansion": "(tonal orthography)", "name": "i" }, { "args": { "1": "hlȃd", "gloss": "coolness" }, "expansion": "Slovene: hlȃd (“coolness”) (tonal orthography)", "name": "desc/sl-tonal" } ], "text": "Slovene: hlȃd (“coolness”) (tonal orthography); dialectal hlad (“shadow”)" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [], "text": "West Slavic:" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "zlw-ocs", "2": "chlad" }, "expansion": "Old Czech: chlad", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Old Czech: chlad" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "cs", "2": "chlad" }, "expansion": "Czech: chlad", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Czech: chlad" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "csb", "2": "chłód" }, "expansion": "Kashubian: chłód", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Kashubian: chłód" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pox", "2": "xlåd" }, "expansion": "Polabian: xlåd", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Polabian: xlåd" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pl", "2": "chłód" }, "expansion": "Polish: chłód", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Polish: chłód" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sk", "2": "chlad" }, "expansion": "Slovak: chlad", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Slovak: chlad" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "zlw-slv", "2": "chlôd" }, "expansion": "Slovincian: chlôd", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Slovincian: chlôd" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [], "text": "Sorbian:" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "hsb", "2": "chłód" }, "expansion": "Upper Sorbian: chłód", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Upper Sorbian: chłód, gen. chłoda" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "dsb", "2": "chłodk", "t": "coolness, shade" }, "expansion": "Lower Sorbian: chłodk (“coolness, shade”)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Lower Sorbian: chłodk (“coolness, shade”)" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sla-pro", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*gel-" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gel-", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "la", "2": "gelidus", "t": "cool, icy" }, "expansion": "Latin gelidus (“cool, icy”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "cold" }, "expansion": "English cold", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "sa", "2": "जड" }, "expansion": "Sanskrit जड (jaḍa)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "sla-pro", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*ḱelH-" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱelH-", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "lt", "2": "šáltas", "t": "cold" }, "expansion": "Lithuanian šáltas (“cold”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "ae", "2": "𐬯𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬙𐬀" }, "expansion": "Avestan 𐬯𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬙𐬀 (sar^əta)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "fa", "2": "سرد", "tr": "sard" }, "expansion": "Persian سرد (sard)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "os", "2": "салд" }, "expansion": "Ossetian салд (sald)", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "Unclear.\n* Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *gel- (reconstructed by Illich-Svitych as *(s)gel- in order to accommodate the Slavic data), in which case it is cognate with Latin gelidus (“cool, icy”), English cold, Sanskrit जड (jaḍa), but initial *x- is hard to explain.\n* Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *ḱelH-, in which case it is cognate with Lithuanian šáltas (“cold”), Avestan 𐬯𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬙𐬀 (sar^əta), Persian سرد (sard), Ossetian салд (sald), but initial *x- is likewise hard to explain.", "forms": [ { "form": "xȏldъ", "tags": [ "canonical", "masculine" ] }, { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "sla-decl-noun", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "o-stem", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "c", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accent-paradigm" ] }, { "form": "xȏldъ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "xȏlda", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "nominative" ] }, { "form": "xȏldi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "xȏlda", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "xoldù", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "genitive" ] }, { "form": "xõldъ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "xȏldu", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "xoldomà", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "xoldòmъ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "xȏldъ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "xȏlda", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "xȏldy", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "xȏldъmь", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "singular" ] }, { "form": "xȏldomь", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "singular" ] }, { "form": "xoldomà", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "instrumental" ] }, { "form": "xoldý", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "plural" ] }, { "form": "xȏldě", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "locative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "xoldù", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "locative" ] }, { "form": "xoldě̃xъ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "locative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "xolde", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "singular", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "xȏlda", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "xȏldi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "plural", "vocative" ] } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "xȏldъ", "ap": "c" }, "name": "sla-decl-noun" } ], "lang": "Proto-Slavic", "lang_code": "sla-pro", "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/xoldъ", "pos": "noun", "related": [ { "english": "hunger", "word": "goldъ" }, { "english": "ice crystal", "word": "golotь" }, { "word": "želdь" }, { "english": "hail, frost", "word": "želdica" }, { "english": "hoarfrost", "word": "solna" }, { "word": "koldędzь" }, { "word": "koldenьcь" }, { "english": "well", "word": "koldьcь" } ], "senses": [ { "categories": [ "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header", "Proto-Slavic hard masculine o-stem nouns", "Proto-Slavic hard o-stem nouns", "Proto-Slavic lemmas", "Proto-Slavic masculine nouns", "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm c", "Proto-Slavic nouns", "sla-pro:Temperature" ], "glosses": [ "cold, coolness" ], "links": [ [ "cold", "cold" ], [ "coolness", "coolness" ] ], "tags": [ "reconstruction" ], "wikipedia": [ "Marko Snoj", "Rick Derksen" ] } ], "word": "xoldъ" }
Download raw JSONL data for xoldъ meaning in Proto-Slavic (8.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-11-21 using wiktextract (94ba7e1 and 5dea2a6). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
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