See studъ in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "студь"
},
"expansion": "Russian: студь (studʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: студь (studʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Cyrillic: студъ (studŭ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Glagolitic: [Term?]"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "студ"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: студ (stud)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: студ (stud)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "студ"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: студ (stud)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: студ (stud)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "сту̑д",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: сту̑д",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: сту̑д"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "stȗd",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: stȗd",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: stȗd"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "stȗd",
"alt": "",
"bor": "",
"der": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: stȗd",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stȗd"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: stȗd (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: stȗd (tonal orthography)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "stud"
},
"expansion": "Czech: stud",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: stud"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ostuda"
},
"expansion": "Polish: ostuda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: ostuda"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "stud"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: stud",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: stud"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*stewe-",
"t": "to get tight, dense"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *stewe- (“to get tight, dense”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "στύω",
"t": "to make stiff"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek στύω (stúō, “to make stiff”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "स्तुका",
"t": "tight tuft of wool"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit स्तुका (stukā, “tight tuft of wool”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "According to Pokorny, from Proto-Indo-European *stewe- (“to get tight, dense”), comparable to Ancient Greek στύω (stúō, “to make stiff”), Sanskrit स्तुका (stukā, “tight tuft of wool”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "stȗdъ",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "c",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "stȗdъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stȗda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "stȗdi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stȗda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "studù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "stũdъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stȗdu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "studomà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "studòmъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stȗdъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stȗda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "stȗdy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stȗdъmь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stȗdomь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "studomà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "studý",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stȗdě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "studù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "studě̃xъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stude",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "stȗda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "stȗdi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"ap": "c",
"stem": "o"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/studъ",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "to cool",
"word": "studiti"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "shame",
"word": "stydъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "cold",
"word": "studenъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "to become cold",
"word": "stydnǫti"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm c",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cold"
],
"id": "en-studъ-sla-pro-noun-4nLe7N5y",
"links": [
[
"cold",
"cold"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm c",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"shame"
],
"id": "en-studъ-sla-pro-noun-vxl~82FQ",
"links": [
[
"shame",
"shame"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "studъ"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic hard masculine o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm c",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"sla-pro:Emotions",
"sla-pro:Temperature"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "студь"
},
"expansion": "Russian: студь (studʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: студь (studʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Cyrillic: студъ (studŭ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Glagolitic: [Term?]"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "студ"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: студ (stud)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: студ (stud)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "студ"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: студ (stud)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: студ (stud)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "сту̑д",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: сту̑д",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: сту̑д"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "stȗd",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: stȗd",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: stȗd"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "stȗd",
"alt": "",
"bor": "",
"der": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: stȗd",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stȗd"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: stȗd (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: stȗd (tonal orthography)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "stud"
},
"expansion": "Czech: stud",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: stud"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ostuda"
},
"expansion": "Polish: ostuda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: ostuda"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "stud"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: stud",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: stud"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*stewe-",
"t": "to get tight, dense"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *stewe- (“to get tight, dense”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "στύω",
"t": "to make stiff"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek στύω (stúō, “to make stiff”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "स्तुका",
"t": "tight tuft of wool"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit स्तुका (stukā, “tight tuft of wool”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "According to Pokorny, from Proto-Indo-European *stewe- (“to get tight, dense”), comparable to Ancient Greek στύω (stúō, “to make stiff”), Sanskrit स्तुका (stukā, “tight tuft of wool”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "stȗdъ",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "c",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "stȗdъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stȗda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "stȗdi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stȗda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "studù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "stũdъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stȗdu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "studomà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "studòmъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stȗdъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stȗda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "stȗdy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stȗdъmь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stȗdomь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "studomà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "studý",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stȗdě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "studù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "studě̃xъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stude",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "stȗda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "stȗdi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"ap": "c",
"stem": "o"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/studъ",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "to cool",
"word": "studiti"
},
{
"english": "shame",
"word": "stydъ"
},
{
"english": "cold",
"word": "studenъ"
},
{
"english": "to become cold",
"word": "stydnǫti"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"cold"
],
"links": [
[
"cold",
"cold"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"shame"
],
"links": [
[
"shame",
"shame"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "studъ"
}
Download raw JSONL data for studъ meaning in Proto-Slavic (5.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.