"ničati" meaning in Proto-Slavic

See ničati in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

Etymology: From the stem *nik- (see *nicь) + *-ěti. Inflection templates: {{sla-conj||nič-a}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], ? [accent-paradigm], ničanьje [noun-from-verb], ničati [infinitive], ničatъ [supine], ničalъ [l-participle], no-table-tags [table-tags], ? [accent-paradigm], ničanъ [participle, passive, past], ničajemъ [participle, passive, present], ničavъ [active, participle, past], ničaję [active, participle, present], no-table-tags [table-tags], ? [accent-paradigm], ničaxъ [aorist, first-person, singular], niča [aorist, second-person, singular], niča [aorist, singular, third-person], ničajǫ [first-person, present, singular], ničaješi [present, second-person, singular], ničajetь [present, singular, third-person], ničaxově [aorist, dual, first-person], ničasta [aorist, dual, second-person], ničaste [aorist, dual, third-person], ničajevě [dual, first-person, present], ničajeta [dual, present, second-person], ničajete [dual, present, third-person], ničaxomъ [aorist, first-person, plural], ničaste [aorist, plural, second-person], ničašę [aorist, plural, third-person], ničajemъ [first-person, plural, present], ničajete [plural, present, second-person], ničajǫtь [plural, present, third-person], ničaaxъ [first-person, imperfect, singular], ničaaše [imperfect, second-person, singular], ničaaše [imperfect, singular, third-person], - [first-person, imperative, singular], ničaji [imperative, second-person, singular], ničaji [imperative, singular, third-person], ničaaxově [dual, first-person, imperfect], ničaašeta [dual, imperfect, second-person], ničaašete [dual, imperfect, third-person], ničajivě [dual, first-person, imperative], ničajita [dual, imperative, second-person], - [dual, imperative, third-person], ničaaxomъ [first-person, imperfect, plural], ničaašete [imperfect, plural, second-person], ničaaxǫ [imperfect, plural, third-person], ničajimъ [first-person, imperative, plural], ničajite [imperative, plural, second-person], - [imperative, plural, third-person]
  1. to bend, stoop Tags: reconstruction Related terms: nicati, nikati, nicь, niknǫti, nizъ
    Sense id: en-ničati-sla-pro-verb-ywaPpqkP Categories (other): Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header, Proto-Slavic verbs ending in -ě-

Download JSON data for ničati meaning in Proto-Slavic (7.0kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "orv",
            "2": "ничати"
          },
          "expansion": "Old East Slavic: ничати (ničati)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old East Slavic: ничати (ničati)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Russian Church Slavonic: ничати (ničati)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "ничати",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Cyrillic script: ничати",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "archaic"
          },
          "expansion": "(archaic)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Cyrillic script: ничати (archaic)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "ničati",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin script: ničati",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin script: ničati"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sl",
            "2": "ničati"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: ničati",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovene: ničati"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-ocs",
            "2": "ničeti"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Czech: ničeti",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Czech: ničeti"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cs",
            "2": "ničeti"
          },
          "expansion": "Czech: ničeti",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Czech: ničeti"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From the stem *nik- (see *nicь) + *-ěti.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "?",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničanьje",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničati",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničatъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "supine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničalъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "l-participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "?",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničanъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničajemъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničavъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničaję",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "?",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničaxъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niča",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niča",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničajǫ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničaješi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničajetь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničaxově",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "first-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničasta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničaste",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničajevě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničajeta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničajete",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničaxomъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničaste",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničašę",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničajemъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničajete",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničajǫtь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničaaxъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničaaše",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničaaše",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničaji",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničaji",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničaaxově",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničaašeta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperfect",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničaašete",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperfect",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničajivě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničajita",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničaaxomъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničaašete",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničaaxǫ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničajimъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničajite",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "nič-a"
      },
      "name": "sla-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/ničati",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic verbs ending in -ě-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to bend, stoop"
      ],
      "id": "en-ničati-sla-pro-verb-ywaPpqkP",
      "links": [
        [
          "bend",
          "bend"
        ],
        [
          "stoop",
          "stoop"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "nicati"
        },
        {
          "word": "nikati"
        },
        {
          "word": "nicь"
        },
        {
          "word": "niknǫti"
        },
        {
          "word": "nizъ"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ničati"
}
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "orv",
            "2": "ничати"
          },
          "expansion": "Old East Slavic: ничати (ničati)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old East Slavic: ничати (ničati)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Russian Church Slavonic: ничати (ničati)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "ничати",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Cyrillic script: ничати",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "archaic"
          },
          "expansion": "(archaic)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Cyrillic script: ничати (archaic)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "ničati",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin script: ničati",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin script: ničati"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sl",
            "2": "ničati"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: ničati",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovene: ničati"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-ocs",
            "2": "ničeti"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Czech: ničeti",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Czech: ničeti"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cs",
            "2": "ničeti"
          },
          "expansion": "Czech: ničeti",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Czech: ničeti"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From the stem *nik- (see *nicь) + *-ěti.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "?",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničanьje",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničati",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničatъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "supine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničalъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "l-participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "?",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničanъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničajemъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničavъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničaję",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "?",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničaxъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niča",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niča",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničajǫ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničaješi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničajetь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničaxově",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "first-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničasta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničaste",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničajevě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničajeta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničajete",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničaxomъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničaste",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničašę",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničajemъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničajete",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničajǫtь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničaaxъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničaaše",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničaaše",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničaji",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničaji",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničaaxově",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničaašeta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperfect",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničaašete",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperfect",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničajivě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničajita",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničaaxomъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničaašete",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničaaxǫ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničajimъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ničajite",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "nič-a"
      },
      "name": "sla-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/ničati",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "nicati"
    },
    {
      "word": "nikati"
    },
    {
      "word": "nicь"
    },
    {
      "word": "niknǫti"
    },
    {
      "word": "nizъ"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Slavic lemmas",
        "Proto-Slavic verbs",
        "Proto-Slavic verbs ending in -ě-",
        "sla-conj with extra parameters/n"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to bend, stoop"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "bend",
          "bend"
        ],
        [
          "stoop",
          "stoop"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ničati"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.