See kudo in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "кудь",
"g": "m",
"t": "magic, sorcery"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: кудь m (kudĭ, “magic, sorcery”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: кудь m (kudĭ, “magic, sorcery”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "кудеса́",
"g": "n",
"t": "miracles performed through an evil force"
},
"expansion": "Russian: кудеса́ n (kudesá, “miracles performed through an evil force”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Russian: кудеса́ n (kudesá, “miracles performed through an evil force”) Npl. (dialectal), ку́десь f (kúdesʹ, “sorcery”) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "kudyś",
"der": "1",
"g": "m",
"qq": "dialectal",
"t": "evil spirit, devil"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Polish: kudyś m (“evil spirit, devil”) (dialectal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Polish: kudyś m (“evil spirit, devil”) (dialectal)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kewd-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kówdos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kówdos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*čudo",
"3": "",
"4": "wonder, miracle"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *čudo (“wonder, miracle”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*huską"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *huską",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncharacteristic o-grade s-stem, reflecting Proto-Indo-European *kówdos. Per Derksen, secondary formation from the e-grade Proto-Slavic *čudo (“wonder, miracle”). Akin to Proto-Germanic *huską, *huskaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "s-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kudo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kudesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "kudesa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kudese",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kudesu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kudesъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kudesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kudesьma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kudesьmъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kudo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kudesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kudesa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kudesьmь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kudesьma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "kudesy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kudese",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kudesu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "kudesьxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kudo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kudesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kudesa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "n",
"stem": "s"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kudo",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "to perform a miracle/magic",
"word": "kudesiti"
},
{
"english": "paranormal, miraculous",
"word": "kudesьnъ"
},
{
"english": "mage, sorcerer",
"word": "kudesьnikъ"
}
],
"glosses": [
"paranormal activity (e.g. sorcery, miracle, nearly impossible event)"
],
"id": "en-kudo-sla-pro-noun-07oXsyXc",
"links": [
[
"paranormal",
"paranormal"
],
[
"activity",
"activity"
],
[
"sorcery",
"sorcery"
],
[
"miracle",
"miracle"
],
[
"nearly",
"nearly"
],
[
"impossible",
"impossible"
],
[
"event",
"event"
]
],
"related": [
{
"english": "exile",
"word": "prokuda"
},
{
"english": "to prosecute, to accuse",
"word": "kuditi"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"alt": "о-stem",
"english": "evil spirit",
"word": "kudъ"
},
{
"english": "magic, paranormal activity",
"roman": "i-stem",
"word": "kudь"
},
{
"english": "reanalyzed from the oblique cases",
"word": "kudesъ"
},
{
"word": "nominative"
},
{
"word": "kudo"
},
{
"word": "kudesi"
},
{
"word": "kudesa"
},
{
"word": "genitive"
},
{
"word": "kudese"
},
{
"word": "kudesu"
},
{
"word": "kudesъ"
},
{
"word": "dative"
},
{
"word": "kudesьma"
},
{
"word": "kudesьmъ"
},
{
"word": "accusative"
},
{
"word": "instrumental"
},
{
"word": "kudesьmь"
},
{
"word": "kudesy"
},
{
"word": "locative"
},
{
"word": "kudesьxъ"
},
{
"word": "vocative"
},
{
"english": "exile",
"word": "prokuda"
},
{
"english": "to prosecute, to accuse",
"word": "kuditi"
},
{
"english": "to perform a miracle/magic",
"word": "kudesiti"
},
{
"english": "paranormal, miraculous",
"word": "kudesьnъ"
},
{
"english": "mage, sorcerer",
"word": "kudesьnikъ"
},
{
"english": "куд",
"urls": [
"http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?basename=\\data\\ie\\vasmer&text_word=%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%B4&method_word=beginning&ww_word=on"
],
"word": "Vasmer, Max (1964–1973)"
},
{
"urls": [
"http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?basename=\\data\\ie\\vasmer&text_word=%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%B4&method_word=beginning&ww_word=on"
],
"word": "in Oleg Trubachyov"
},
{
"urls": [
"http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?basename=\\data\\ie\\vasmer&text_word=%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%B4&method_word=beginning&ww_word=on"
],
"word": "transl."
},
{
"english": "in Russian",
"urls": [
"http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?basename=\\data\\ie\\vasmer&text_word=%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%B4&method_word=beginning&ww_word=on"
],
"word": "[]"
},
{
"urls": [
"http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?basename=\\data\\ie\\vasmer&text_word=%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%B4&method_word=beginning&ww_word=on"
],
"word": "Moscow: Progress"
},
{
"urls": [
"https://archive.org/details/ESSJa/ESSJa_13/page/n82/mode/1up?view=theater"
],
"word": "Trubachyov, Oleg"
},
{
"urls": [
"https://archive.org/details/ESSJa/ESSJa_13/page/n82/mode/1up?view=theater"
],
"word": "editor (1987)"
},
{
"english": "in Russian",
"urls": [
"https://archive.org/details/ESSJa/ESSJa_13/page/n82/mode/1up?view=theater"
],
"word": "in []"
},
{
"alt": "*kroměžirъ – *kyžiti",
"urls": [
"https://archive.org/details/ESSJa/ESSJa_13/page/n82/mode/1up?view=theater"
],
"word": "numbers 13"
},
{
"urls": [
"https://archive.org/details/ESSJa/ESSJa_13/page/n82/mode/1up?view=theater"
],
"word": "Moscow: Nauka"
},
{
"urls": [
"https://archive.org/details/ESSJa/ESSJa_13/page/n82/mode/1up?view=theater"
],
"word": "page 83"
},
{
"english": "*kudo",
"urls": [
"https://archive.org/details/etymological-dictionary-of-the-slavic-inherited-lexicon/page/n265/mode/1up?view=theater"
],
"word": "Derksen, Rick (2008)"
},
{
"english": "Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4",
"urls": [
"https://archive.org/details/etymological-dictionary-of-the-slavic-inherited-lexicon/page/n265/mode/1up?view=theater"
],
"word": "in"
},
{
"urls": [
"https://archive.org/details/etymological-dictionary-of-the-slavic-inherited-lexicon/page/n265/mode/1up?view=theater"
],
"word": "Leiden"
},
{
"urls": [
"https://archive.org/details/etymological-dictionary-of-the-slavic-inherited-lexicon/page/n265/mode/1up?view=theater"
],
"word": "Boston: Brill"
},
{
"urls": [
"https://archive.org/details/etymological-dictionary-of-the-slavic-inherited-lexicon/page/n265/mode/1up?view=theater"
],
"word": "→ISBN"
},
{
"urls": [
"https://archive.org/details/etymological-dictionary-of-the-slavic-inherited-lexicon/page/n265/mode/1up?view=theater"
],
"word": "[ page 255]"
},
{
"english": "magic, sorcery",
"roman": "kudĭ",
"sense": "East Slavic; Old East Slavic",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "кудь"
},
{
"english": "miracles performed through an evil force",
"roman": "kudesá",
"sense": "East Slavic",
"tags": [
"Russian",
"dialectal"
],
"word": "кудеса́ n Npl"
},
{
"english": "sorcery",
"roman": "kúdesʹ",
"sense": "East Slavic",
"tags": [
"Russian",
"dialectal",
"feminine"
],
"word": "ку́десь"
},
{
"english": "evil spirit, devil",
"sense": "West Slavic",
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"masculine"
],
"word": "⇒ Polish: kudyś"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "kudo"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"english": "to perform a miracle/magic",
"word": "kudesiti"
},
{
"english": "paranormal, miraculous",
"word": "kudesьnъ"
},
{
"english": "mage, sorcerer",
"word": "kudesьnikъ"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "кудь",
"g": "m",
"t": "magic, sorcery"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: кудь m (kudĭ, “magic, sorcery”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: кудь m (kudĭ, “magic, sorcery”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "кудеса́",
"g": "n",
"t": "miracles performed through an evil force"
},
"expansion": "Russian: кудеса́ n (kudesá, “miracles performed through an evil force”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Russian: кудеса́ n (kudesá, “miracles performed through an evil force”) Npl. (dialectal), ку́десь f (kúdesʹ, “sorcery”) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "kudyś",
"der": "1",
"g": "m",
"qq": "dialectal",
"t": "evil spirit, devil"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Polish: kudyś m (“evil spirit, devil”) (dialectal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Polish: kudyś m (“evil spirit, devil”) (dialectal)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kewd-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kówdos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kówdos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*čudo",
"3": "",
"4": "wonder, miracle"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *čudo (“wonder, miracle”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*huską"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *huską",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncharacteristic o-grade s-stem, reflecting Proto-Indo-European *kówdos. Per Derksen, secondary formation from the e-grade Proto-Slavic *čudo (“wonder, miracle”). Akin to Proto-Germanic *huską, *huskaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "s-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kudo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kudesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "kudesa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kudese",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kudesu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kudesъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kudesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kudesьma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kudesьmъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kudo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kudesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kudesa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kudesьmь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kudesьma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "kudesy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kudese",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kudesu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "kudesьxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kudo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kudesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kudesa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "n",
"stem": "s"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kudo",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "exile",
"word": "prokuda"
},
{
"english": "to prosecute, to accuse",
"word": "kuditi"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic neuter nouns",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic s-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kewd-",
"Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"glosses": [
"paranormal activity (e.g. sorcery, miracle, nearly impossible event)"
],
"links": [
[
"paranormal",
"paranormal"
],
[
"activity",
"activity"
],
[
"sorcery",
"sorcery"
],
[
"miracle",
"miracle"
],
[
"nearly",
"nearly"
],
[
"impossible",
"impossible"
],
[
"event",
"event"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"alt": "о-stem",
"english": "evil spirit",
"word": "kudъ"
},
{
"english": "magic, paranormal activity",
"roman": "i-stem",
"word": "kudь"
},
{
"english": "reanalyzed from the oblique cases",
"word": "kudesъ"
},
{
"word": "nominative"
},
{
"word": "kudo"
},
{
"word": "kudesi"
},
{
"word": "kudesa"
},
{
"word": "genitive"
},
{
"word": "kudese"
},
{
"word": "kudesu"
},
{
"word": "kudesъ"
},
{
"word": "dative"
},
{
"word": "kudesьma"
},
{
"word": "kudesьmъ"
},
{
"word": "accusative"
},
{
"word": "instrumental"
},
{
"word": "kudesьmь"
},
{
"word": "kudesy"
},
{
"word": "locative"
},
{
"word": "kudesьxъ"
},
{
"word": "vocative"
},
{
"english": "exile",
"word": "prokuda"
},
{
"english": "to prosecute, to accuse",
"word": "kuditi"
},
{
"english": "to perform a miracle/magic",
"word": "kudesiti"
},
{
"english": "paranormal, miraculous",
"word": "kudesьnъ"
},
{
"english": "mage, sorcerer",
"word": "kudesьnikъ"
},
{
"english": "magic, sorcery",
"roman": "kudĭ",
"sense": "East Slavic; Old East Slavic",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "кудь"
},
{
"english": "miracles performed through an evil force",
"roman": "kudesá",
"sense": "East Slavic",
"tags": [
"Russian",
"dialectal"
],
"word": "кудеса́ n Npl"
},
{
"english": "sorcery",
"roman": "kúdesʹ",
"sense": "East Slavic",
"tags": [
"Russian",
"dialectal",
"feminine"
],
"word": "ку́десь"
},
{
"english": "evil spirit, devil",
"sense": "West Slavic",
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"masculine"
],
"word": "⇒ Polish: kudyś"
},
{
"english": "куд",
"urls": [
"http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?basename=\\data\\ie\\vasmer&text_word=%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%B4&method_word=beginning&ww_word=on"
],
"word": "Vasmer, Max (1964–1973)"
},
{
"urls": [
"http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?basename=\\data\\ie\\vasmer&text_word=%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%B4&method_word=beginning&ww_word=on"
],
"word": "in Oleg Trubachyov"
},
{
"urls": [
"http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?basename=\\data\\ie\\vasmer&text_word=%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%B4&method_word=beginning&ww_word=on"
],
"word": "transl."
},
{
"english": "in Russian",
"urls": [
"http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?basename=\\data\\ie\\vasmer&text_word=%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%B4&method_word=beginning&ww_word=on"
],
"word": "[]"
},
{
"urls": [
"http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?basename=\\data\\ie\\vasmer&text_word=%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%B4&method_word=beginning&ww_word=on"
],
"word": "Moscow: Progress"
},
{
"urls": [
"https://archive.org/details/ESSJa/ESSJa_13/page/n82/mode/1up?view=theater"
],
"word": "Trubachyov, Oleg"
},
{
"urls": [
"https://archive.org/details/ESSJa/ESSJa_13/page/n82/mode/1up?view=theater"
],
"word": "editor (1987)"
},
{
"english": "in Russian",
"urls": [
"https://archive.org/details/ESSJa/ESSJa_13/page/n82/mode/1up?view=theater"
],
"word": "in []"
},
{
"alt": "*kroměžirъ – *kyžiti",
"urls": [
"https://archive.org/details/ESSJa/ESSJa_13/page/n82/mode/1up?view=theater"
],
"word": "numbers 13"
},
{
"urls": [
"https://archive.org/details/ESSJa/ESSJa_13/page/n82/mode/1up?view=theater"
],
"word": "Moscow: Nauka"
},
{
"urls": [
"https://archive.org/details/ESSJa/ESSJa_13/page/n82/mode/1up?view=theater"
],
"word": "page 83"
},
{
"english": "*kudo",
"urls": [
"https://archive.org/details/etymological-dictionary-of-the-slavic-inherited-lexicon/page/n265/mode/1up?view=theater"
],
"word": "Derksen, Rick (2008)"
},
{
"english": "Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4",
"urls": [
"https://archive.org/details/etymological-dictionary-of-the-slavic-inherited-lexicon/page/n265/mode/1up?view=theater"
],
"word": "in"
},
{
"urls": [
"https://archive.org/details/etymological-dictionary-of-the-slavic-inherited-lexicon/page/n265/mode/1up?view=theater"
],
"word": "Leiden"
},
{
"urls": [
"https://archive.org/details/etymological-dictionary-of-the-slavic-inherited-lexicon/page/n265/mode/1up?view=theater"
],
"word": "Boston: Brill"
},
{
"urls": [
"https://archive.org/details/etymological-dictionary-of-the-slavic-inherited-lexicon/page/n265/mode/1up?view=theater"
],
"word": "→ISBN"
},
{
"urls": [
"https://archive.org/details/etymological-dictionary-of-the-slavic-inherited-lexicon/page/n265/mode/1up?view=theater"
],
"word": "[ page 255]"
}
],
"word": "kudo"
}
Download raw JSONL data for kudo meaning in Proto-Slavic (9.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.