See kъ(n) in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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"word": "ґ"
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{
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"word": "ик"
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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"roman": "k",
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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"word": "ік"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
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"word": "ґ"
},
{
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{
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{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
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"word": "ґ"
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{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
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{
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{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
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{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
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{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
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"word": "ґ"
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{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
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"roman": "yk",
"word": "ик"
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{
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{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
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"word": "ік"
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{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
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{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
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"word": "іґ"
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],
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"roman": "yk",
"word": "икъ"
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{
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{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
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{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
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{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
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],
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"roman": "yko",
"word": "ико"
},
{
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{
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{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
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},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
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{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
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{
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{
"descendants": [
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{
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},
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"descendants": [
{
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{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
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{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
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],
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"roman": "g",
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}
],
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"lang_code": "orv",
"roman": "ku",
"word": "ку"
},
{
"lang": "Old Novgorodian",
"lang_code": "zle-ono",
"roman": "kŭ",
"word": "къ"
},
{
"lang": "Old Novgorodian",
"lang_code": "zle-ono",
"roman": "ko",
"word": "ко"
}
],
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},
{
"descendants": [
{
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"roman": "kŭ",
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},
{
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"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "kǎm",
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{
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"word": "ка"
},
{
"lang": "Latin script",
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"word": "k"
},
{
"lang": "Latin script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "ka"
}
],
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"lang_code": "sh"
},
{
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"lang_code": "sl",
"word": "k"
},
{
"lang": "Slovene",
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"word": "h"
}
],
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},
{
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{
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},
{
"lang": "Czech",
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"word": "ku"
}
],
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},
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"raw_tags": [
"Kuyavia",
"Near Masovian"
],
"word": "pu"
},
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},
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"Middle Polish"
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{
"lang": "Polish",
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"Kuyavia",
"Near Masovian"
],
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},
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},
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"lang_code": "sk",
"word": "k"
},
{
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"lang_code": "sk",
"word": "ku"
}
],
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"word": "k"
},
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{
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}
],
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"word": "ku"
},
{
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{
"lang": "Upper Sorbian",
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"word": "k"
},
{
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
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"word": "k"
}
],
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"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "West Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kom",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"t": "to",
"tr": "kw/ku"
},
"expansion": "Sogdian [script needed] (kw/ku, “to”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "कम्",
"pos": "postposition, after datives",
"tr": "kám"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit कम् (kám, postposition, after datives)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬐𐬄𐬨",
"t": "for the sake of"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬐𐬄𐬨 (kąm, “for the sake of”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-ola",
"2": "quom",
"t": "with"
},
"expansion": "Old Latin quom (“with”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "cum"
},
"expansion": "Latin cum",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osc",
"2": "com-"
},
"expansion": "Oscan com-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "co-"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish co-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-gau",
"2": "com-"
},
"expansion": "Gaulish com-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*ḱom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱom",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*kʷo",
"3": "",
"4": "to"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kʷo (“to”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "co"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish co",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "py"
},
"expansion": "Welsh py",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*kʷo",
"3": "",
"4": "to"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kʷo (“to”)",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *kom or *ku, *kʷom. Compare Sogdian [script needed] (kw/ku, “to”), Sanskrit कम् (kám, postposition, after datives), Avestan 𐬐𐬄𐬨 (kąm, “for the sake of”). Also compare Old Latin quom (“with”), Latin cum, com-, con-, co-, cum-, Oscan com-, kúm, com-, co-, ku-, Old Irish co-, com- (“with”), Gaulish com-, co-. But usually they are derived from Proto-Indo-European *ḱom. Following Pokorny, Matasović compares Proto-Celtic *kʷo (“to”), whence Old Irish co and Welsh py, pwy (“to”), and reconstructs Proto-Indo-European *kʷo (“to”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "preposition",
"cat2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "*kъ(n)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kъ(n)",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "*otъ"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to, towards"
],
"id": "en-kъ(n)-sla-pro-prep-8Z5Bjywf",
"links": [
[
"to",
"to"
],
[
"towards",
"towards"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(with dative) to, towards"
],
"related": [
{
"word": "sъ(n)"
},
{
"word": "sъ(n)-"
},
{
"word": "sǫ-"
},
{
"word": "ko-"
},
{
"word": "kъ-"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*do"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction",
"with-dative"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Rick Derksen"
]
}
],
"word": "kъ(n)"
}
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"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "ku"
},
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"raw_tags": [
"Middle Polish"
],
"word": "k"
},
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"raw_tags": [
"Kuyavia",
"Near Masovian"
],
"word": "pu"
},
{
"lang": "Silesian",
"lang_code": "szl",
"word": "ku"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"word": "ku"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "ku"
},
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"raw_tags": [
"Middle Polish"
],
"word": "k"
},
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"raw_tags": [
"Kuyavia",
"Near Masovian"
],
"word": "pu"
},
{
"lang": "Silesian",
"lang_code": "szl",
"word": "ku"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"word": "k"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Pannonian Rusyn",
"lang_code": "rsk",
"roman": "gu",
"word": "ґу"
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"word": "k"
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"word": "ku"
}
],
"lang": "Old Slovak",
"lang_code": "zlw-osk",
"word": "k"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Pannonian Rusyn",
"lang_code": "rsk",
"roman": "gu",
"word": "ґу"
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"word": "k"
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"word": "ku"
}
],
"lang": "Old Slovak",
"lang_code": "zlw-osk",
"word": "ku"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Upper Sorbian",
"lang_code": "hsb",
"word": "k"
},
{
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"lang_code": "dsb",
"word": "k"
}
],
"lang": "Sorbian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "West Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kom",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"t": "to",
"tr": "kw/ku"
},
"expansion": "Sogdian [script needed] (kw/ku, “to”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "कम्",
"pos": "postposition, after datives",
"tr": "kám"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit कम् (kám, postposition, after datives)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬐𐬄𐬨",
"t": "for the sake of"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬐𐬄𐬨 (kąm, “for the sake of”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-ola",
"2": "quom",
"t": "with"
},
"expansion": "Old Latin quom (“with”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "cum"
},
"expansion": "Latin cum",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osc",
"2": "com-"
},
"expansion": "Oscan com-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "co-"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish co-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-gau",
"2": "com-"
},
"expansion": "Gaulish com-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*ḱom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱom",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*kʷo",
"3": "",
"4": "to"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kʷo (“to”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "co"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish co",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "py"
},
"expansion": "Welsh py",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*kʷo",
"3": "",
"4": "to"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kʷo (“to”)",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *kom or *ku, *kʷom. Compare Sogdian [script needed] (kw/ku, “to”), Sanskrit कम् (kám, postposition, after datives), Avestan 𐬐𐬄𐬨 (kąm, “for the sake of”). Also compare Old Latin quom (“with”), Latin cum, com-, con-, co-, cum-, Oscan com-, kúm, com-, co-, ku-, Old Irish co-, com- (“with”), Gaulish com-, co-. But usually they are derived from Proto-Indo-European *ḱom. Following Pokorny, Matasović compares Proto-Celtic *kʷo (“to”), whence Old Irish co and Welsh py, pwy (“to”), and reconstructs Proto-Indo-European *kʷo (“to”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "preposition",
"cat2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "*kъ(n)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kъ(n)",
"pos": "prep",
"related": [
{
"word": "sъ(n)"
},
{
"word": "sъ(n)-"
},
{
"word": "sǫ-"
},
{
"word": "ko-"
},
{
"word": "kъ-"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "*otъ"
}
],
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic prepositions",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Requests for native script for Sogdian terms",
"Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations"
],
"glosses": [
"to, towards"
],
"links": [
[
"to",
"to"
],
[
"towards",
"towards"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(with dative) to, towards"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*do"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction",
"with-dative"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Rick Derksen"
]
}
],
"word": "kъ(n)"
}
Download raw JSONL data for kъ(n) meaning in Proto-Slavic (15.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-09-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-23 using wiktextract (20da82b and a97feda). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.