"jьskra" meaning in Proto-Slavic

See jьskra in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

Etymology: Nominalization of an adjective Proto-Slavic *jьskrъ (“bright, stark, vivid”) + *-a, a 0-grade doublet of Proto-Slavic *ěskrъ (whence Polish jaskry and Bulgarian Искър). Likely akin to Lithuanian ýškus (“bright, clear”). If right, then from an earlier Proto-Balto-Slavic *ī́ˀškrāˀ, *áiˀškrāˀ. The exact Indo-European root is unclear. Comparisons have made with Proto-Germanic *aiskrōną (“to rage”) (whence Icelandic ískra (“to creak”)), Ancient Greek ἐσχάρᾱ (eskhárā, “hearth”) (doubted by Vasmer). Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ey- (“to energize, to invigorate”) or *h₂eydʰ- (“to ignite”). Etymology templates: {{cog|sla-pro|*jьskrъ||bright, stark, vivid}} Proto-Slavic *jьskrъ (“bright, stark, vivid”), {{affix|sla-pro|*-a}} *-a, {{cog|sla-pro|*ěskrъ}} Proto-Slavic *ěskrъ, {{cog|pl|jaskry}} Polish jaskry, {{cog|lt|ýškus||bright, clear}} Lithuanian ýškus (“bright, clear”), {{inh|sla-pro|ine-bsl-pro|*ī́ˀškrāˀ}} Proto-Balto-Slavic *ī́ˀškrāˀ, {{cog|gem-pro|*aiskrōną||to rage}} Proto-Germanic *aiskrōną (“to rage”), {{cog|is|ískra||to creak}} Icelandic ískra (“to creak”), {{cog|grc|ἐσχάρᾱ||hearth}} Ancient Greek ἐσχάρᾱ (eskhárā, “hearth”), {{der|sla-pro|ine-pro|*h₂ey-||to energize, to invigorate}} Proto-Indo-European *h₂ey- (“to energize, to invigorate”) Inflection templates: {{sla-decl-noun|jь̀skra|ap=a|stem=a}} Forms: jь̀skra [canonical, feminine], no-table-tags [table-tags], a [accent-paradigm], jь̀skra [nominative, singular], jь̀skrě [dual, nominative], jь̀skry [nominative, plural], jь̀skry [genitive, singular], jь̀skru [dual, genitive], jь̀skrъ [genitive, plural], jь̀skrě [dative, singular], jь̀skrama [dative, dual], jь̀skramъ [dative, plural], jь̀skrǫ [accusative, singular], jь̀skrě [accusative, dual], jь̀skry [accusative, plural], jь̀skrojǫ [instrumental, singular], jь̀skrǭ [instrumental, singular], jь̀skrama [dual, instrumental], jь̀skramī [instrumental, plural], jь̀skrě [locative, singular], jь̀skru [dual, locative], jь̀skrasъ [locative, plural], jь̀skraxъ [locative, plural], jь̀skro [singular, vocative], jь̀skrě [dual, vocative], jь̀skry [plural, vocative]
  1. spark Wikipedia link: Marko Snoj, Rick Derksen, Vladimir Orel Tags: reconstruction Synonyms: ě̀skra, jàskra Derived forms: jьskriti, jastriti (english: to spark, to emit a spark), jьskrěti (english: to glimmer), jьskrica [diminutive], jьskravъ, ěskravъ (english: bright, brilliant), jьskristъ (english: sparkling) Related terms: ěska (english: bright light, star), ěsъ, ěsa (english: clarity), ěsnъ (alt: from an earlier *ěsknъ) (english: clear, serene), ědъ, ědmo (english: poison, purulence)

Download JSON data for jьskra meaning in Proto-Slavic (9.1kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "be",
            "2": "і́скра"
          },
          "expansion": "Belarusian: і́скра (ískra)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Belarusian: і́скра (ískra)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "и́скра",
            "3": "искра́"
          },
          "expansion": "Russian: и́скра (ískra), искра́ (iskrá)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Russian: и́скра (ískra), искра́ (iskrá)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "і́скра"
          },
          "expansion": "Ukrainian: і́скра (ískra)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ukrainian: і́скра (ískra)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "и́скра",
            "3": "искра́"
          },
          "expansion": "Bulgarian: и́скра (ískra), искра́ (iskrá)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bulgarian: и́скра (ískra), искра́ (iskrá)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mk",
            "2": "и́скра"
          },
          "expansion": "Macedonian: и́скра (ískra)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Macedonian: и́скра (ískra)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Cyrillic: и̏скра"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Latin: ȉskra"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sl",
            "2": "iskra"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: iskra",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovene: iskra"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-ocs",
            "2": "jiskra"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Czech: jiskra",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Czech: jiskra"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cs",
            "2": "jiskra"
          },
          "expansion": "Czech: jiskra",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Czech: jiskra"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "Chod dialect"
          },
          "expansion": "(Chod dialect)",
          "name": "a"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bohemian (Chod dialect): ískra"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "csb",
            "2": "skra"
          },
          "expansion": "Kashubian: skra",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kashubian: skra"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pox",
            "2": "jåskră"
          },
          "expansion": "Polabian: jåskră",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polabian: jåskră"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "iskra",
            "3": "skra",
            "4": "jaskra",
            "t3": "glaucoma"
          },
          "expansion": "Polish: iskra, skra, jaskra (“glaucoma”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polish: iskra, skra, jaskra (“glaucoma”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sk",
            "2": "iskra"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovak: iskra",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovak: iskra"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Sorbian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hsb",
            "2": "škra"
          },
          "expansion": "Upper Sorbian: škra",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Upper Sorbian: škra"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dsb",
            "2": "škrja"
          },
          "expansion": "Lower Sorbian: škrja",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lower Sorbian: škrja"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sq",
            "2": "iskër",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Albanian: iskër",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Albanian: iskër"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*jьskrъ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "bright, stark, vivid"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *jьskrъ (“bright, stark, vivid”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*-a"
      },
      "expansion": "*-a",
      "name": "affix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*ěskrъ"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *ěskrъ",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "jaskry"
      },
      "expansion": "Polish jaskry",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "ýškus",
        "3": "",
        "4": "bright, clear"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian ýškus (“bright, clear”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "3": "*ī́ˀškrāˀ"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *ī́ˀškrāˀ",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*aiskrōną",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to rage"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *aiskrōną (“to rage”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "ískra",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to creak"
      },
      "expansion": "Icelandic ískra (“to creak”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ἐσχάρᾱ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "hearth"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ἐσχάρᾱ (eskhárā, “hearth”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂ey-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to energize, to invigorate"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂ey- (“to energize, to invigorate”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Nominalization of an adjective Proto-Slavic *jьskrъ (“bright, stark, vivid”) + *-a, a 0-grade doublet of Proto-Slavic *ěskrъ (whence Polish jaskry and Bulgarian Искър). Likely akin to Lithuanian ýškus (“bright, clear”). If right, then from an earlier Proto-Balto-Slavic *ī́ˀškrāˀ, *áiˀškrāˀ.\nThe exact Indo-European root is unclear. Comparisons have made with Proto-Germanic *aiskrōną (“to rage”) (whence Icelandic ískra (“to creak”)), Ancient Greek ἐσχάρᾱ (eskhárā, “hearth”) (doubted by Vasmer). Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ey- (“to energize, to invigorate”) or *h₂eydʰ- (“to ignite”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "jь̀skra",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-decl-noun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jь̀skra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jь̀skrě",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jь̀skry",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jь̀skry",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jь̀skru",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jь̀skrъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jь̀skrě",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jь̀skrama",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jь̀skramъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jь̀skrǫ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jь̀skrě",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jь̀skry",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jь̀skrojǫ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jь̀skrǭ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jь̀skrama",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jь̀skramī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jь̀skrě",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jь̀skru",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jь̀skrasъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jь̀skraxъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jь̀skro",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jь̀skrě",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jь̀skry",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jь̀skra",
        "ap": "a",
        "stem": "a"
      },
      "name": "sla-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/jьskra",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm a",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-a",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Slovene quotations with omitted translation",
          "parents": [
            "Quotations with omitted translation",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Undetermined quotations with omitted translation",
          "parents": [
            "Quotations with omitted translation",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "jьskriti"
        },
        {
          "english": "to spark, to emit a spark",
          "word": "jastriti"
        },
        {
          "english": "to glimmer",
          "word": "jьskrěti"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "diminutive"
          ],
          "word": "jьskrica"
        },
        {
          "word": "jьskravъ"
        },
        {
          "english": "bright, brilliant",
          "word": "ěskravъ"
        },
        {
          "english": "sparkling",
          "word": "jьskristъ"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "spark"
      ],
      "id": "en-jьskra-sla-pro-noun-kvRzgJ5Z",
      "links": [
        [
          "spark",
          "spark"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "english": "bright light, star",
          "word": "ěska"
        },
        {
          "word": "ěsъ"
        },
        {
          "english": "clarity",
          "word": "ěsa"
        },
        {
          "alt": "from an earlier *ěsknъ",
          "english": "clear, serene",
          "word": "ěsnъ"
        },
        {
          "word": "ědъ"
        },
        {
          "english": "poison, purulence",
          "word": "ědmo"
        }
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "ě̀skra"
        },
        {
          "word": "jàskra"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Marko Snoj",
        "Rick Derksen",
        "Vladimir Orel"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "jьskra"
}
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "jьskriti"
    },
    {
      "english": "to spark, to emit a spark",
      "word": "jastriti"
    },
    {
      "english": "to glimmer",
      "word": "jьskrěti"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "diminutive"
      ],
      "word": "jьskrica"
    },
    {
      "word": "jьskravъ"
    },
    {
      "english": "bright, brilliant",
      "word": "ěskravъ"
    },
    {
      "english": "sparkling",
      "word": "jьskristъ"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "be",
            "2": "і́скра"
          },
          "expansion": "Belarusian: і́скра (ískra)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Belarusian: і́скра (ískra)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "и́скра",
            "3": "искра́"
          },
          "expansion": "Russian: и́скра (ískra), искра́ (iskrá)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Russian: и́скра (ískra), искра́ (iskrá)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "і́скра"
          },
          "expansion": "Ukrainian: і́скра (ískra)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ukrainian: і́скра (ískra)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "и́скра",
            "3": "искра́"
          },
          "expansion": "Bulgarian: и́скра (ískra), искра́ (iskrá)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bulgarian: и́скра (ískra), искра́ (iskrá)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mk",
            "2": "и́скра"
          },
          "expansion": "Macedonian: и́скра (ískra)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Macedonian: и́скра (ískra)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Cyrillic: и̏скра"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Latin: ȉskra"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sl",
            "2": "iskra"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: iskra",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovene: iskra"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-ocs",
            "2": "jiskra"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Czech: jiskra",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Czech: jiskra"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cs",
            "2": "jiskra"
          },
          "expansion": "Czech: jiskra",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Czech: jiskra"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "Chod dialect"
          },
          "expansion": "(Chod dialect)",
          "name": "a"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bohemian (Chod dialect): ískra"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "csb",
            "2": "skra"
          },
          "expansion": "Kashubian: skra",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kashubian: skra"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pox",
            "2": "jåskră"
          },
          "expansion": "Polabian: jåskră",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polabian: jåskră"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "iskra",
            "3": "skra",
            "4": "jaskra",
            "t3": "glaucoma"
          },
          "expansion": "Polish: iskra, skra, jaskra (“glaucoma”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polish: iskra, skra, jaskra (“glaucoma”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sk",
            "2": "iskra"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovak: iskra",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovak: iskra"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Sorbian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hsb",
            "2": "škra"
          },
          "expansion": "Upper Sorbian: škra",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Upper Sorbian: škra"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dsb",
            "2": "škrja"
          },
          "expansion": "Lower Sorbian: škrja",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lower Sorbian: škrja"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sq",
            "2": "iskër",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Albanian: iskër",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Albanian: iskër"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*jьskrъ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "bright, stark, vivid"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *jьskrъ (“bright, stark, vivid”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*-a"
      },
      "expansion": "*-a",
      "name": "affix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*ěskrъ"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *ěskrъ",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "jaskry"
      },
      "expansion": "Polish jaskry",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "ýškus",
        "3": "",
        "4": "bright, clear"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian ýškus (“bright, clear”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "3": "*ī́ˀškrāˀ"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *ī́ˀškrāˀ",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*aiskrōną",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to rage"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *aiskrōną (“to rage”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "ískra",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to creak"
      },
      "expansion": "Icelandic ískra (“to creak”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ἐσχάρᾱ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "hearth"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ἐσχάρᾱ (eskhárā, “hearth”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂ey-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to energize, to invigorate"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂ey- (“to energize, to invigorate”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Nominalization of an adjective Proto-Slavic *jьskrъ (“bright, stark, vivid”) + *-a, a 0-grade doublet of Proto-Slavic *ěskrъ (whence Polish jaskry and Bulgarian Искър). Likely akin to Lithuanian ýškus (“bright, clear”). If right, then from an earlier Proto-Balto-Slavic *ī́ˀškrāˀ, *áiˀškrāˀ.\nThe exact Indo-European root is unclear. Comparisons have made with Proto-Germanic *aiskrōną (“to rage”) (whence Icelandic ískra (“to creak”)), Ancient Greek ἐσχάρᾱ (eskhárā, “hearth”) (doubted by Vasmer). Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ey- (“to energize, to invigorate”) or *h₂eydʰ- (“to ignite”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "jь̀skra",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-decl-noun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jь̀skra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jь̀skrě",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jь̀skry",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jь̀skry",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jь̀skru",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jь̀skrъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jь̀skrě",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jь̀skrama",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jь̀skramъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jь̀skrǫ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jь̀skrě",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jь̀skry",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jь̀skrojǫ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jь̀skrǭ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jь̀skrama",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jь̀skramī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jь̀skrě",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jь̀skru",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jь̀skrasъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jь̀skraxъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jь̀skro",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jь̀skrě",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jь̀skry",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jь̀skra",
        "ap": "a",
        "stem": "a"
      },
      "name": "sla-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/jьskra",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "english": "bright light, star",
      "word": "ěska"
    },
    {
      "word": "ěsъ"
    },
    {
      "english": "clarity",
      "word": "ěsa"
    },
    {
      "alt": "from an earlier *ěsknъ",
      "english": "clear, serene",
      "word": "ěsnъ"
    },
    {
      "word": "ědъ"
    },
    {
      "english": "poison, purulence",
      "word": "ědmo"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Slavic feminine nouns",
        "Proto-Slavic hard a-stem nouns",
        "Proto-Slavic lemmas",
        "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm a",
        "Proto-Slavic nouns",
        "Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
        "Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
        "Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-a",
        "Slovene quotations with omitted translation",
        "Slovene terms with quotations",
        "Undetermined quotations with omitted translation",
        "Undetermined terms with quotations"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "spark"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "spark",
          "spark"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Marko Snoj",
        "Rick Derksen",
        "Vladimir Orel"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "ě̀skra"
    },
    {
      "word": "jàskra"
    }
  ],
  "word": "jьskra"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.