"borzda" meaning in Proto-Slavic

See borzda in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

Etymology: Probably derived from Proto-Indo-European *bʰors- (“to point, to mark”) + *-da (positional particle), related to Sanskrit भृष्टि (bhṛṣṭi, “point, top”) (< *bʰr̥štíš), Proto-Germanic *barzdaz (“edge, brim”). Perhaps further akin to Lithuanian biržìs / bir̃žė (“furrow”), Latvian bìrze (“furrow”), which possibly reflect *bʰerH- (“to pierce”) instead. See references for further discussion. Etymology templates: {{glossary|derived terms|derived}} derived, {{der|sla-pro|ine-pro|*bʰers-|*bʰors-|to point, to mark|g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Proto-Indo-European *bʰors- (“to point, to mark”), {{der+|sla-pro|ine-pro|*bʰers-|*bʰors-|to point, to mark|nocap=1}} derived from Proto-Indo-European *bʰors- (“to point, to mark”), {{affix|sla-pro|*-da|qq1=positional particle}} *-da (positional particle), {{cog|sa|भृष्टि||point, top}} Sanskrit भृष्टि (bhṛṣṭi, “point, top”), {{cog|gem-pro|*barzdaz||edge, brim}} Proto-Germanic *barzdaz (“edge, brim”), {{cog|lt|biržìs}} Lithuanian biržìs, {{cog|lv|birze|bìrze|furrow}} Latvian bìrze (“furrow”) Inflection templates: {{sla-decl-noun|bōrzdà|ap=b}} Forms: bōrzdà [canonical, feminine], no-table-tags [table-tags], b [accent-paradigm], bōrzdà [nominative, singular], bõrzdě [dual, nominative], bōrzdỳ [nominative, plural], bōrzdỳ [genitive, singular], bōrzdù [dual, genitive], bõrzdъ [genitive, plural], bōrzdě̀ [dative, singular], bōrzdàma [dative, dual], bōrzdàmъ [dative, plural], bōrzdǫ̀ [accusative, singular], bõrzdě [accusative, dual], bōrzdỳ [accusative, plural], bōrzdòjǫ [instrumental, singular], bõrzdǫ [instrumental, singular], bōrzdàma [dual, instrumental], bōrzdàmī [instrumental, plural], bōrzdě̀ [locative, singular], bōrzdù [dual, locative], bōrzdàsъ [locative, plural], bōrzdàxъ [locative, plural], borzdo [singular, vocative], bõrzdě [dual, vocative], bōrzdỳ [plural, vocative]
  1. furrow Wikipedia link: Brill Publishers, Rick Derksen Tags: reconstruction Related terms: bьrdo (english: weaving comb, reed), bordy (english: axe), borti (english: to fight)
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "orv",
            "2": "борозда"
          },
          "expansion": "Old East Slavic: борозда (borozda)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old East Slavic: борозда (borozda)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zle-ort",
            "2": "борозна́",
            "3": "борозда́"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Ruthenian: борозна́ (borozná), борозда́ (borozdá)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Ruthenian: борозна́ (borozná), борозда́ (borozdá)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "be",
            "2": "баразна́"
          },
          "expansion": "Belarusian: баразна́ (barazná)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Belarusian: баразна́ (barazná)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "борозна́",
            "3": "борозда́"
          },
          "expansion": "Ukrainian: борозна́ (borozná), борозда́ (borozdá)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ukrainian: борозна́ (borozná), борозда́ (borozdá)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "борозда́"
          },
          "expansion": "Russian: борозда́ (borozdá)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Russian: борозда́ (borozdá)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "бразда",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: бразда (brazda)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Cyrillic script: бразда (brazda)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "ⰱⱃⰰⰸⰴⰰ",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Glagolitic script: ⰱⱃⰰⰸⰴⰰ (brazda)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Glagolitic script: ⰱⱃⰰⰸⰴⰰ (brazda)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "бразда́"
          },
          "expansion": "Bulgarian: бразда́ (brazdá)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bulgarian: бразда́ (brazdá)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mk",
            "2": "бразда"
          },
          "expansion": "Macedonian: бразда (brazda)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Macedonian: бразда (brazda)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "бра́зда",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Cyrillic script: бра́зда",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Cyrillic script: бра́зда"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "brázda",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin script: brázda",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin script: brázda"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sl",
            "2": "brázda",
            "alt": "",
            "bor": "",
            "der": "",
            "g": "",
            "pos": "",
            "t": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: brázda",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tonal orthography"
          },
          "expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
          "name": "i"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "brázda"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: brázda (tonal orthography)",
          "name": "desc/sl-tonal"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovene: brázda (tonal orthography)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-ocs",
            "2": "brázda"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Czech: brázda",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Czech: brázda"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cs",
            "2": "brázda"
          },
          "expansion": "Czech: brázda",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Czech: brázda"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sla-pro",
            "2": "Mistřice"
          },
          "expansion": "(Mistřice)",
          "name": "a"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Moravian (Mistřice): brázda"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "csb",
            "2": "barzda",
            "3": "brózda"
          },
          "expansion": "Kashubian: barzda, brózda",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kashubian: barzda, brózda"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pox",
            "2": "bordźă"
          },
          "expansion": "Polabian: bordźă",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polabian: bordźă"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-opl",
            "2": "brózda"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Polish: brózda",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Polish: brózda"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "bruzda"
          },
          "expansion": "Polish: bruzda",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polish: bruzda"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sk",
            "2": "brázda"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovak: brázda",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovak: brázda"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-slv",
            "2": "barzda"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovincian: barzda",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovincian: barzda"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Sorbian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hsb",
            "2": "brózda"
          },
          "expansion": "Upper Sorbian: brózda",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Upper Sorbian: brózda"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dsb",
            "2": "brozda"
          },
          "expansion": "Lower Sorbian: brozda",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lower Sorbian: brozda"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Non-Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sq",
            "2": "brazdë",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Albanian: brazdë",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Albanian: brazdë"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hu",
            "2": "barázda",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Hungarian: barázda",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Hungarian: barázda"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ro",
            "2": "brazdă",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Romanian: brazdă",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Romanian: brazdă"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "derived terms",
        "2": "derived"
      },
      "expansion": "derived",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰers-",
        "4": "*bʰors-",
        "5": "to point, to mark",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰors- (“to point, to mark”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰers-",
        "4": "*bʰors-",
        "5": "to point, to mark",
        "nocap": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "derived from Proto-Indo-European *bʰors- (“to point, to mark”)",
      "name": "der+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*-da",
        "qq1": "positional particle"
      },
      "expansion": "*-da (positional particle)",
      "name": "affix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "भृष्टि",
        "3": "",
        "4": "point, top"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit भृष्टि (bhṛṣṭi, “point, top”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*barzdaz",
        "3": "",
        "4": "edge, brim"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *barzdaz (“edge, brim”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "biržìs"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian biržìs",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "birze",
        "3": "bìrze",
        "4": "furrow"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian bìrze (“furrow”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Probably derived from Proto-Indo-European *bʰors- (“to point, to mark”) + *-da (positional particle), related to Sanskrit भृष्टि (bhṛṣṭi, “point, top”) (< *bʰr̥štíš), Proto-Germanic *barzdaz (“edge, brim”). Perhaps further akin to Lithuanian biržìs / bir̃žė (“furrow”), Latvian bìrze (“furrow”), which possibly reflect *bʰerH- (“to pierce”) instead. See references for further discussion.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "bōrzdà",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-decl-noun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "b",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōrzdà",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bõrzdě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōrzdỳ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōrzdỳ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōrzdù",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bõrzdъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōrzdě̀",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōrzdàma",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōrzdàmъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōrzdǫ̀",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bõrzdě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōrzdỳ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōrzdòjǫ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bõrzdǫ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōrzdàma",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōrzdàmī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōrzdě̀",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōrzdù",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōrzdàsъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōrzdàxъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borzdo",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bõrzdě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōrzdỳ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bōrzdà",
        "ap": "b"
      },
      "name": "sla-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/borzda",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian links with redundant target parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant target parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm b",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-da",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "furrow"
      ],
      "id": "en-borzda-sla-pro-noun-u~0sB8lT",
      "links": [
        [
          "furrow",
          "furrow"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "english": "weaving comb, reed",
          "word": "bьrdo"
        },
        {
          "english": "axe",
          "word": "bordy"
        },
        {
          "english": "to fight",
          "word": "borti"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Brill Publishers",
        "Rick Derksen"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "borzda"
}
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "orv",
            "2": "борозда"
          },
          "expansion": "Old East Slavic: борозда (borozda)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old East Slavic: борозда (borozda)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zle-ort",
            "2": "борозна́",
            "3": "борозда́"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Ruthenian: борозна́ (borozná), борозда́ (borozdá)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Ruthenian: борозна́ (borozná), борозда́ (borozdá)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "be",
            "2": "баразна́"
          },
          "expansion": "Belarusian: баразна́ (barazná)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Belarusian: баразна́ (barazná)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "борозна́",
            "3": "борозда́"
          },
          "expansion": "Ukrainian: борозна́ (borozná), борозда́ (borozdá)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ukrainian: борозна́ (borozná), борозда́ (borozdá)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "борозда́"
          },
          "expansion": "Russian: борозда́ (borozdá)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Russian: борозда́ (borozdá)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "бразда",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: бразда (brazda)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Cyrillic script: бразда (brazda)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "ⰱⱃⰰⰸⰴⰰ",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Glagolitic script: ⰱⱃⰰⰸⰴⰰ (brazda)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Glagolitic script: ⰱⱃⰰⰸⰴⰰ (brazda)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "бразда́"
          },
          "expansion": "Bulgarian: бразда́ (brazdá)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bulgarian: бразда́ (brazdá)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mk",
            "2": "бразда"
          },
          "expansion": "Macedonian: бразда (brazda)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Macedonian: бразда (brazda)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "бра́зда",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Cyrillic script: бра́зда",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Cyrillic script: бра́зда"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "brázda",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin script: brázda",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin script: brázda"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sl",
            "2": "brázda",
            "alt": "",
            "bor": "",
            "der": "",
            "g": "",
            "pos": "",
            "t": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: brázda",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tonal orthography"
          },
          "expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
          "name": "i"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "brázda"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: brázda (tonal orthography)",
          "name": "desc/sl-tonal"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovene: brázda (tonal orthography)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-ocs",
            "2": "brázda"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Czech: brázda",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Czech: brázda"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cs",
            "2": "brázda"
          },
          "expansion": "Czech: brázda",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Czech: brázda"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sla-pro",
            "2": "Mistřice"
          },
          "expansion": "(Mistřice)",
          "name": "a"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Moravian (Mistřice): brázda"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "csb",
            "2": "barzda",
            "3": "brózda"
          },
          "expansion": "Kashubian: barzda, brózda",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kashubian: barzda, brózda"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pox",
            "2": "bordźă"
          },
          "expansion": "Polabian: bordźă",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polabian: bordźă"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-opl",
            "2": "brózda"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Polish: brózda",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Polish: brózda"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "bruzda"
          },
          "expansion": "Polish: bruzda",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polish: bruzda"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sk",
            "2": "brázda"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovak: brázda",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovak: brázda"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-slv",
            "2": "barzda"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovincian: barzda",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovincian: barzda"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Sorbian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hsb",
            "2": "brózda"
          },
          "expansion": "Upper Sorbian: brózda",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Upper Sorbian: brózda"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dsb",
            "2": "brozda"
          },
          "expansion": "Lower Sorbian: brozda",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lower Sorbian: brozda"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Non-Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sq",
            "2": "brazdë",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Albanian: brazdë",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Albanian: brazdë"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hu",
            "2": "barázda",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Hungarian: barázda",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Hungarian: barázda"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ro",
            "2": "brazdă",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Romanian: brazdă",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Romanian: brazdă"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "derived terms",
        "2": "derived"
      },
      "expansion": "derived",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰers-",
        "4": "*bʰors-",
        "5": "to point, to mark",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰors- (“to point, to mark”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰers-",
        "4": "*bʰors-",
        "5": "to point, to mark",
        "nocap": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "derived from Proto-Indo-European *bʰors- (“to point, to mark”)",
      "name": "der+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*-da",
        "qq1": "positional particle"
      },
      "expansion": "*-da (positional particle)",
      "name": "affix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "भृष्टि",
        "3": "",
        "4": "point, top"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit भृष्टि (bhṛṣṭi, “point, top”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*barzdaz",
        "3": "",
        "4": "edge, brim"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *barzdaz (“edge, brim”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "biržìs"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian biržìs",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "birze",
        "3": "bìrze",
        "4": "furrow"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian bìrze (“furrow”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Probably derived from Proto-Indo-European *bʰors- (“to point, to mark”) + *-da (positional particle), related to Sanskrit भृष्टि (bhṛṣṭi, “point, top”) (< *bʰr̥štíš), Proto-Germanic *barzdaz (“edge, brim”). Perhaps further akin to Lithuanian biržìs / bir̃žė (“furrow”), Latvian bìrze (“furrow”), which possibly reflect *bʰerH- (“to pierce”) instead. See references for further discussion.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "bōrzdà",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-decl-noun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "b",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōrzdà",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bõrzdě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōrzdỳ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōrzdỳ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōrzdù",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bõrzdъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōrzdě̀",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōrzdàma",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōrzdàmъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōrzdǫ̀",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bõrzdě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōrzdỳ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōrzdòjǫ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bõrzdǫ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōrzdàma",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōrzdàmī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōrzdě̀",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōrzdù",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōrzdàsъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōrzdàxъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borzdo",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bõrzdě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōrzdỳ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bōrzdà",
        "ap": "b"
      },
      "name": "sla-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/borzda",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "english": "weaving comb, reed",
      "word": "bьrdo"
    },
    {
      "english": "axe",
      "word": "bordy"
    },
    {
      "english": "to fight",
      "word": "borti"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latvian links with redundant target parameters",
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Slavic feminine nouns",
        "Proto-Slavic hard a-stem nouns",
        "Proto-Slavic lemmas",
        "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm b",
        "Proto-Slavic nouns",
        "Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-da"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "furrow"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "furrow",
          "furrow"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Brill Publishers",
        "Rick Derksen"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "borzda"
}

Download raw JSONL data for borzda meaning in Proto-Slavic (10.2kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-09-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-08-20 using wiktextract (8e41825 and f99c758). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.