"bojati" meaning in Proto-Slavic

See bojati in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

Etymology: From Proto-Balto-Slavic *bajā́ˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰoyh₂-eh₂-ti, from *bʰeyh₂- (“to fear”). Cognate with Lithuanian bijóti, bijótis (“to be afraid”), Latvian bijât, bijâtiês (“to be afraid”), bîtiês (“to be afraid”), Old Prussian biātwei (“to be afraid”), Lithuanian bajùs (“fearful”), báimė, báilė (“fear”), Sanskrit भयते (bháyate), बिभेति (bibhéti, “to fear, to be afraid”), भीत (bhītá, “afraid”), भीति (bhīti, “fear”), Avestan 𐬠𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬧𐬙𐬉 (baiieṇtē, “(they) are afraid”), Old Irish báigul (“danger”). Etymology templates: {{root|sla-pro|ine-pro|*bʰeyh₂-|id=fear}}, {{inh|sla-pro|ine-bsl-pro|*bajā́ˀtei}} Proto-Balto-Slavic *bajā́ˀtei, {{inh|sla-pro|ine-pro||*bʰoyh₂-eh₂-ti}} Proto-Indo-European *bʰoyh₂-eh₂-ti, {{cog|lt|bijóti}} Lithuanian bijóti, {{cog|lv|bijât}} Latvian bijât, {{cog|prg|biātwei||to be afraid}} Old Prussian biātwei (“to be afraid”), {{cog|lt|bajùs||fearful}} Lithuanian bajùs (“fearful”), {{cog|sa|भयते|tr=bháyate}} Sanskrit भयते (bháyate), {{cog|ae|𐬠𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬧𐬙𐬉|t=(they) are afraid}} Avestan 𐬠𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬧𐬙𐬉 (baiieṇtē, “(they) are afraid”), {{cog|sga|báigul||danger}} Old Irish báigul (“danger”) Inflection templates: {{sla-conj|impf-intr|-1|-i|ap=c|noun=*bojanьje?}} Forms: bojàti [canonical, imperfective], imperfective [table-tags], c [accent-paradigm], bojanьje? [noun-from-verb], bojati [infinitive], bojatъ [supine], bojalъ [l-participle], imperfective [table-tags], c [accent-paradigm], - [participle, passive, past], - [participle, passive, present], bojavъ [active, participle, past], boję [active, participle, present], imperfective [table-tags], c [accent-paradigm], bojaxъ [aorist, first-person, singular], boja [aorist, second-person, singular], boja [aorist, singular, third-person], bojǫ [first-person, present, singular], bojiši [present, second-person, singular], bojitь [present, singular, third-person], bojaxově [aorist, dual, first-person], bojasta [aorist, dual, second-person], bojaste [aorist, dual, third-person], bojivě [dual, first-person, present], bojita [dual, present, second-person], bojite [dual, present, third-person], bojaxomъ [aorist, first-person, plural], bojaste [aorist, plural, second-person], bojašę [aorist, plural, third-person], bojimъ [first-person, plural, present], bojite [plural, present, second-person], bojętь [plural, present, third-person], bojaaxъ [first-person, imperfect, singular], bojaaše [imperfect, second-person, singular], bojaaše [imperfect, singular, third-person], - [first-person, imperative, singular], boji [imperative, second-person, singular], boji [imperative, singular, third-person], bojaaxově [dual, first-person, imperfect], bojaašeta [dual, imperfect, second-person], bojaašete [dual, imperfect, third-person], bojivě [dual, first-person, imperative], bojita [dual, imperative, second-person], - [dual, imperative, third-person], bojaaxomъ [first-person, imperfect, plural], bojaašete [imperfect, plural, second-person], bojaaxǫ [imperfect, plural, third-person], bojimъ [first-person, imperative, plural], bojite [imperative, plural, second-person], - [imperative, plural, third-person]
  1. (reflexive) to fear, to be afraid Wikipedia link: Rick Derksen Tags: reconstruction, reflexive Derived forms: bojaznь (english: fear)
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "be",
            "2": "бая́цца"
          },
          "expansion": "Belarusian: бая́цца (bajácca)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Belarusian: бая́цца (bajácca)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "боя́ться"
          },
          "expansion": "Russian: боя́ться (bojátʹsja)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Russian: боя́ться (bojátʹsja), 1sg. бою́сь (bojúsʹ), 3sg. бои́тся (boítsja)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "боя́тися"
          },
          "expansion": "Ukrainian: боя́тися (bojátysja)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ukrainian: боя́тися (bojátysja)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zle-ono",
            "2": "боꙗтисѧ"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Novgorodian: боꙗтисѧ (bojatisę)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Novgorodian: боꙗтисѧ (bojatisę)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Cyrillic: боꙗти (bojati)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Glagolitic: ⰱⱁⱑⱅⰻ (boěti)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "боя̀ сѐ"
          },
          "expansion": "Bulgarian: боя̀ сѐ (bojà sè)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bulgarian: боя̀ сѐ (bojà sè)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mk",
            "2": "бои"
          },
          "expansion": "Macedonian: бои (boi)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Macedonian: бои (boi)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "бо̀јати",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Cyrillic script: бо̀јати",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Cyrillic script: бо̀јати"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "bòjati",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin script: bòjati",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin script: bòjati"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sl",
            "2": "báti",
            "alt": "",
            "bor": "",
            "der": "",
            "g": "",
            "pos": "",
            "t": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: báti",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tonal orthography"
          },
          "expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
          "name": "i"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "báti"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: báti (tonal orthography)",
          "name": "desc/sl-tonal"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovene: báti (tonal orthography)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-ocs",
            "2": "báti"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Czech: báti\nCzech: bát",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Czech: báti\nCzech: bát"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-opl",
            "2": "bać"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Polish: bać, bojeć\nPolish: bać, boić (Chełmno-Dobrzyń)\nSilesian: bŏć",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Polish: bać, bojeć\nPolish: bać, boić (Chełmno-Dobrzyń)\nSilesian: bŏć"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pox",
            "2": "bet"
          },
          "expansion": "Polabian: bet",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polabian: bet"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Pomeranian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "csb",
            "2": "bòjec"
          },
          "expansion": "Kashubian: bòjec",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kashubian: bòjec"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-slv",
            "2": "bôjec"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovincian: bôjec",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovincian: bôjec"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sk",
            "2": "báť"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovak: báť",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovak: báť"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Sorbian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hsb",
            "2": "bojeć"
          },
          "expansion": "Upper Sorbian: bojeć",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Upper Sorbian: bojeć"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dsb",
            "2": "bójaś"
          },
          "expansion": "Lower Sorbian: bójaś",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lower Sorbian: bójaś"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰeyh₂-",
        "id": "fear"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "3": "*bajā́ˀtei"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *bajā́ˀtei",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*bʰoyh₂-eh₂-ti"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰoyh₂-eh₂-ti",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "bijóti"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian bijóti",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "bijât"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian bijât",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "prg",
        "2": "biātwei",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to be afraid"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Prussian biātwei (“to be afraid”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "bajùs",
        "3": "",
        "4": "fearful"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian bajùs (“fearful”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "भयते",
        "tr": "bháyate"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit भयते (bháyate)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ae",
        "2": "𐬠𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬧𐬙𐬉",
        "t": "(they) are afraid"
      },
      "expansion": "Avestan 𐬠𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬧𐬙𐬉 (baiieṇtē, “(they) are afraid”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "báigul",
        "3": "",
        "4": "danger"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Irish báigul (“danger”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *bajā́ˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰoyh₂-eh₂-ti, from *bʰeyh₂- (“to fear”). Cognate with Lithuanian bijóti, bijótis (“to be afraid”), Latvian bijât, bijâtiês (“to be afraid”), bîtiês (“to be afraid”), Old Prussian biātwei (“to be afraid”), Lithuanian bajùs (“fearful”), báimė, báilė (“fear”), Sanskrit भयते (bháyate), बिभेति (bibhéti, “to fear, to be afraid”), भीत (bhītá, “afraid”), भीति (bhīti, “fear”), Avestan 𐬠𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬧𐬙𐬉 (baiieṇtē, “(they) are afraid”), Old Irish báigul (“danger”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "bojàti",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "imperfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfective",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "c",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojanьje?",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojati",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojatъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "supine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojalъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "l-participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfective",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "c",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojavъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boję",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfective",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "c",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojaxъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boja",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boja",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojǫ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojiši",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojitь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojaxově",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "first-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojasta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojaste",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojivě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojita",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojite",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojaxomъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojaste",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojašę",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojimъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojite",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojętь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojaaxъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojaaše",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojaaše",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boji",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boji",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojaaxově",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojaašeta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperfect",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojaašete",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperfect",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojivě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojita",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojaaxomъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojaašete",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojaaxǫ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojimъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojite",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "impf-intr",
        "2": "-1",
        "3": "-i",
        "ap": "c",
        "noun": "*bojanьje?"
      },
      "name": "sla-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/bojati",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic verbs ending in -ě/i-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic verbs with accent paradigm c",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "english": "fear",
          "word": "bojaznь"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to fear, to be afraid"
      ],
      "id": "en-bojati-sla-pro-verb-N6T-DOvP",
      "links": [
        [
          "fear",
          "fear"
        ],
        [
          "afraid",
          "afraid"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive) to fear, to be afraid"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction",
        "reflexive"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Rick Derksen"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "bojati"
}
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "english": "fear",
      "word": "bojaznь"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "be",
            "2": "бая́цца"
          },
          "expansion": "Belarusian: бая́цца (bajácca)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Belarusian: бая́цца (bajácca)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "боя́ться"
          },
          "expansion": "Russian: боя́ться (bojátʹsja)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Russian: боя́ться (bojátʹsja), 1sg. бою́сь (bojúsʹ), 3sg. бои́тся (boítsja)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "боя́тися"
          },
          "expansion": "Ukrainian: боя́тися (bojátysja)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ukrainian: боя́тися (bojátysja)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zle-ono",
            "2": "боꙗтисѧ"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Novgorodian: боꙗтисѧ (bojatisę)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Novgorodian: боꙗтисѧ (bojatisę)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Cyrillic: боꙗти (bojati)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Glagolitic: ⰱⱁⱑⱅⰻ (boěti)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "боя̀ сѐ"
          },
          "expansion": "Bulgarian: боя̀ сѐ (bojà sè)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bulgarian: боя̀ сѐ (bojà sè)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mk",
            "2": "бои"
          },
          "expansion": "Macedonian: бои (boi)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Macedonian: бои (boi)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "бо̀јати",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Cyrillic script: бо̀јати",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Cyrillic script: бо̀јати"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "bòjati",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin script: bòjati",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin script: bòjati"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sl",
            "2": "báti",
            "alt": "",
            "bor": "",
            "der": "",
            "g": "",
            "pos": "",
            "t": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: báti",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tonal orthography"
          },
          "expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
          "name": "i"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "báti"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: báti (tonal orthography)",
          "name": "desc/sl-tonal"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovene: báti (tonal orthography)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-ocs",
            "2": "báti"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Czech: báti\nCzech: bát",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Czech: báti\nCzech: bát"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-opl",
            "2": "bać"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Polish: bać, bojeć\nPolish: bać, boić (Chełmno-Dobrzyń)\nSilesian: bŏć",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Polish: bać, bojeć\nPolish: bać, boić (Chełmno-Dobrzyń)\nSilesian: bŏć"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pox",
            "2": "bet"
          },
          "expansion": "Polabian: bet",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polabian: bet"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Pomeranian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "csb",
            "2": "bòjec"
          },
          "expansion": "Kashubian: bòjec",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kashubian: bòjec"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-slv",
            "2": "bôjec"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovincian: bôjec",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovincian: bôjec"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sk",
            "2": "báť"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovak: báť",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovak: báť"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Sorbian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hsb",
            "2": "bojeć"
          },
          "expansion": "Upper Sorbian: bojeć",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Upper Sorbian: bojeć"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dsb",
            "2": "bójaś"
          },
          "expansion": "Lower Sorbian: bójaś",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lower Sorbian: bójaś"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰeyh₂-",
        "id": "fear"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "3": "*bajā́ˀtei"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *bajā́ˀtei",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*bʰoyh₂-eh₂-ti"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰoyh₂-eh₂-ti",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "bijóti"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian bijóti",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "bijât"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian bijât",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "prg",
        "2": "biātwei",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to be afraid"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Prussian biātwei (“to be afraid”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "bajùs",
        "3": "",
        "4": "fearful"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian bajùs (“fearful”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "भयते",
        "tr": "bháyate"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit भयते (bháyate)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ae",
        "2": "𐬠𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬧𐬙𐬉",
        "t": "(they) are afraid"
      },
      "expansion": "Avestan 𐬠𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬧𐬙𐬉 (baiieṇtē, “(they) are afraid”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "báigul",
        "3": "",
        "4": "danger"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Irish báigul (“danger”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *bajā́ˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰoyh₂-eh₂-ti, from *bʰeyh₂- (“to fear”). Cognate with Lithuanian bijóti, bijótis (“to be afraid”), Latvian bijât, bijâtiês (“to be afraid”), bîtiês (“to be afraid”), Old Prussian biātwei (“to be afraid”), Lithuanian bajùs (“fearful”), báimė, báilė (“fear”), Sanskrit भयते (bháyate), बिभेति (bibhéti, “to fear, to be afraid”), भीत (bhītá, “afraid”), भीति (bhīti, “fear”), Avestan 𐬠𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬧𐬙𐬉 (baiieṇtē, “(they) are afraid”), Old Irish báigul (“danger”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "bojàti",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "imperfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfective",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "c",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojanьje?",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojati",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojatъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "supine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojalъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "l-participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfective",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "c",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojavъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boję",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfective",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "c",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojaxъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boja",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boja",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojǫ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojiši",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojitь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojaxově",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "first-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojasta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojaste",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojivě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojita",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojite",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojaxomъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojaste",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojašę",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojimъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojite",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojętь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojaaxъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojaaše",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojaaše",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boji",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boji",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojaaxově",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojaašeta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperfect",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojaašete",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperfect",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojivě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojita",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojaaxomъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojaašete",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojaaxǫ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojimъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bojite",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "impf-intr",
        "2": "-1",
        "3": "-i",
        "ap": "c",
        "noun": "*bojanьje?"
      },
      "name": "sla-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/bojati",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Slavic imperfective verbs",
        "Proto-Slavic lemmas",
        "Proto-Slavic reflexive verbs",
        "Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
        "Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Proto-Slavic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰeyh₂- (fear)",
        "Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
        "Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Proto-Slavic verbs",
        "Proto-Slavic verbs ending in -ě/i-",
        "Proto-Slavic verbs with accent paradigm c",
        "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
        "sla-conj with extra parameters/ap",
        "sla-conj with extra parameters/n",
        "sla-conj with extra parameters/noun"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to fear, to be afraid"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "fear",
          "fear"
        ],
        [
          "afraid",
          "afraid"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive) to fear, to be afraid"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction",
        "reflexive"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Rick Derksen"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "bojati"
}

Download raw JSONL data for bojati meaning in Proto-Slavic (11.7kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-13 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (9c82c1c and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.