See bara in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "bara",
"word": "бара"
}
],
"lang": "East Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "bára",
"word": "ба́ра"
},
{
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "bara",
"word": "бара"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cyrillic script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "ба̏ра"
},
{
"lang": "Latin script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "bȁra"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh"
},
{
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"word": "bára"
},
{
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"word": "bȃrje"
}
],
"lang": "South Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "bara"
},
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"raw_tags": [
"pl"
],
"word": "bary"
},
{
"lang": "Polabian",
"lang_code": "pox",
"word": "poro"
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"word": "bara"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"lang_code": "dsb",
"word": "para"
},
{
"lang": "Upper Sorbian",
"lang_code": "hsb",
"word": "bara"
}
],
"lang": "Sorbian",
"lang_code": "wen"
}
],
"lang": "West Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "qfa-sub"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*bāˀrāˀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *bāˀrāˀ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*bʰeh₂-reh₂",
"t": "shiny; something shiny"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂-reh₂ (“shiny; something shiny”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰeh₂-",
"t": "to shine"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂- (“to shine”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*bolto",
"3": "",
"4": "swamp"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *bolto (“swamp”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "pur̃vas",
"t": "mud"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian pur̃vas (“mud”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "pùrvs",
"t": "bog"
},
"expansion": "Latvian pùrvs (“bog”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xsv",
"2": "puro",
"t": "swamp"
},
"expansion": "Sudovian puro (“swamp”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain; possibly borrowed from a substrate language, or perhaps from Proto-Balto-Slavic *bāˀrāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂-reh₂ (“shiny; something shiny”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂- (“to shine”); compare Proto-Slavic *bolto (“swamp”), traditionally derived from *bʰel- (“shiny, white”), as also *bělь (“swampy meadow”), though also likely of substrate origin instead. The p- forms in Lower Sorbian and Polabian are closer to the Lithuanian pur̃vas (“mud”) and Latvian pùrvs (“bog”), Sudovian puro (“swamp”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bàra",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "bara",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bàrě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "bàry",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bàry",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bàru",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "bàrъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bàrě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bàrama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "bàramъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bàrǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bàrě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "bàry",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bàrojǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bàrǭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bàrama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "bàramī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bàrě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bàru",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "bàrasъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bàraxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bàro",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bàrě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bàry",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "*barъ",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"head": "*bàra"
},
"expansion": "*bàra f",
"name": "sla-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bara",
"ap": "a",
"g": "f",
"stem": "a"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/bara",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm a",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "barina"
},
{
"word": "barьje"
},
{
"word": "baruga"
},
{
"roman": "augmenatives",
"word": "barišče"
}
],
"glosses": [
"puddle, pond"
],
"id": "en-bara-sla-pro-noun-llJeuNLu",
"links": [
[
"puddle",
"puddle"
],
[
"pond",
"pond"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Marko Snoj"
]
}
],
"word": "bara"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "barina"
},
{
"word": "barьje"
},
{
"word": "baruga"
},
{
"roman": "augmenatives",
"word": "barišče"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "bara",
"word": "бара"
}
],
"lang": "East Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "bára",
"word": "ба́ра"
},
{
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "bara",
"word": "бара"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cyrillic script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "ба̏ра"
},
{
"lang": "Latin script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "bȁra"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh"
},
{
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"word": "bára"
},
{
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"word": "bȃrje"
}
],
"lang": "South Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "bara"
},
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"raw_tags": [
"pl"
],
"word": "bary"
},
{
"lang": "Polabian",
"lang_code": "pox",
"word": "poro"
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"word": "bara"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"lang_code": "dsb",
"word": "para"
},
{
"lang": "Upper Sorbian",
"lang_code": "hsb",
"word": "bara"
}
],
"lang": "Sorbian",
"lang_code": "wen"
}
],
"lang": "West Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "qfa-sub"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*bāˀrāˀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *bāˀrāˀ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*bʰeh₂-reh₂",
"t": "shiny; something shiny"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂-reh₂ (“shiny; something shiny”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰeh₂-",
"t": "to shine"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂- (“to shine”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*bolto",
"3": "",
"4": "swamp"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *bolto (“swamp”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "pur̃vas",
"t": "mud"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian pur̃vas (“mud”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "pùrvs",
"t": "bog"
},
"expansion": "Latvian pùrvs (“bog”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xsv",
"2": "puro",
"t": "swamp"
},
"expansion": "Sudovian puro (“swamp”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain; possibly borrowed from a substrate language, or perhaps from Proto-Balto-Slavic *bāˀrāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂-reh₂ (“shiny; something shiny”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂- (“to shine”); compare Proto-Slavic *bolto (“swamp”), traditionally derived from *bʰel- (“shiny, white”), as also *bělь (“swampy meadow”), though also likely of substrate origin instead. The p- forms in Lower Sorbian and Polabian are closer to the Lithuanian pur̃vas (“mud”) and Latvian pùrvs (“bog”), Sudovian puro (“swamp”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bàra",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "bara",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bàrě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "bàry",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bàry",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bàru",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "bàrъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bàrě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bàrama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "bàramъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bàrǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bàrě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "bàry",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bàrojǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bàrǭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bàrama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "bàramī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bàrě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bàru",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "bàrasъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bàraxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bàro",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bàrě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bàry",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "*barъ",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"head": "*bàra"
},
"expansion": "*bàra f",
"name": "sla-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bara",
"ap": "a",
"g": "f",
"stem": "a"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/bara",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm a",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms borrowed from substrate languages",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from substrate languages",
"Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Slavic terms with unknown etymologies",
"sla-pro:Bodies of water"
],
"glosses": [
"puddle, pond"
],
"links": [
[
"puddle",
"puddle"
],
[
"pond",
"pond"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Marko Snoj"
]
}
],
"word": "bara"
}
Download raw JSONL data for bara meaning in Proto-Slavic (6.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.