See bala in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
],
"word": "balъka"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"augmentative"
],
"word": "bališče"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kjv",
"2": "bala",
"3": "balka",
"der": "1",
"t2": "feather grass"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Kajkavian Serbo-Croatian: bala, balka (“feather grass”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dial. Croatian"
},
"expansion": "(dial. Croatian)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Kajkavian Serbo-Croatian: bala, balka (“feather grass”) (dial. Croatian)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "ба́лище",
"t": "depression, drainage"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: ба́лище (bályšče, “depression, drainage”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: ба́лище (bályšče, “depression, drainage”) (dialectal)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*pōlaz",
"3": "",
"4": "pool"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *pōlaz (“pool”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "जम्बाल",
"3": "",
"4": "clay",
"tr": "jambāla"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit जम्बाल (jambāla, “clay”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "qfa-sub"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*balkas",
"3": "",
"4": "tussock in a swamp"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *balkas (“tussock in a swamp”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "balà",
"3": "",
"4": "swamp"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian balà (“swamp”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "bala",
"3": "",
"4": "loamy meadow, marsh"
},
"expansion": "Latvian bala (“loamy meadow, marsh”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xsv",
"2": "bala"
},
"expansion": "Sudovian bala",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*bolto",
"3": "",
"4": "swamp, mud"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *bolto (“swamp, mud”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*bʰelH-",
"3": "",
"4": "to shine"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰelH- (“to shine”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*obaliti",
"3": "",
"4": "to submerge, to collapse"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *obaliti (“to submerge, to collapse”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "ба́ла",
"3": "",
"4": "enchanting"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian ба́ла (bála, “enchanting”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*balagovati",
"3": "",
"4": "to mumble"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *balagovati (“to mumble”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "бала́кам",
"3": "",
"4": "to play in water"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian бала́кам (balákam, “to play in water”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain:\n* Most likely a cognate of Proto-Germanic *pōlaz (“pool”), possibly Sanskrit जम्बाल (jambāla, “clay”); perhaps from a substrate language. May be related to Proto-Turkic *balkas (“tussock in a swamp”), whence the name of lake Balkaš.\n* In the past, has been compared to Lithuanian balà (“swamp”), balùtė (“puddle”), Latvian bala (“loamy meadow, marsh”), Sudovian bala (attested in toponyms) typically linked to Proto-Slavic *bolto (“swamp, mud”), from formally unrelated Proto-Indo-European *bʰelH- (“to shine”). Dismissed as potential cognates by Smoczyński.\n* Marusenko (in regard to the Russian/Ukrainian descendants) proposes native back-formation from Proto-Slavic *obaliti (“to submerge, to collapse”) < *ob-valiti.\nCompare also superficial homophone Ukrainian ба́ла (bála, “enchanting”) (< *badla), related to Proto-Slavic *balagovati (“to mumble”), *balakati (“to babble, to make noise”) (whence dial. Bulgarian бала́кам (balákam, “to play in water”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "bala",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "balě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "baly",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "baly",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "balu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "balъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "balě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "balama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "balamъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "balǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "balě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "baly",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "balojǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "balǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "balama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "balami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "balě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "balu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "balasъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "balaxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "balo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "balě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "baly",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/bala",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "large pond",
"sense": "*baly (probably)",
"word": "⇒ Czech: balviště"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "feather grass",
"sense": "*baly (probably)",
"word": "⇒ Slovene: balovína"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "75 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "87 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"marsh, moor, pool"
],
"id": "en-bala-sla-pro-noun-IvX~O0YL",
"links": [
[
"marsh",
"marsh"
],
[
"moor",
"moor"
],
[
"pool",
"pool"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal) marsh, moor, pool"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*molka"
},
{
"word": "*kaluga"
},
{
"word": "*luža"
}
],
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"ravine"
],
"id": "en-bala-sla-pro-noun-gS2z12q-",
"links": [
[
"ravine",
"ravine"
]
],
"qualifier": "by association",
"raw_glosses": [
"(by association) ravine"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "bala"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms with unknown etymologies",
"sla-pro:Landforms",
"sla-pro:Liquids"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"diminutive"
],
"word": "balъka"
},
{
"tags": [
"augmentative"
],
"word": "bališče"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kjv",
"2": "bala",
"3": "balka",
"der": "1",
"t2": "feather grass"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Kajkavian Serbo-Croatian: bala, balka (“feather grass”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dial. Croatian"
},
"expansion": "(dial. Croatian)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Kajkavian Serbo-Croatian: bala, balka (“feather grass”) (dial. Croatian)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "ба́лище",
"t": "depression, drainage"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: ба́лище (bályšče, “depression, drainage”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: ба́лище (bályšče, “depression, drainage”) (dialectal)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*pōlaz",
"3": "",
"4": "pool"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *pōlaz (“pool”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "जम्बाल",
"3": "",
"4": "clay",
"tr": "jambāla"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit जम्बाल (jambāla, “clay”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "qfa-sub"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*balkas",
"3": "",
"4": "tussock in a swamp"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *balkas (“tussock in a swamp”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "balà",
"3": "",
"4": "swamp"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian balà (“swamp”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "bala",
"3": "",
"4": "loamy meadow, marsh"
},
"expansion": "Latvian bala (“loamy meadow, marsh”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xsv",
"2": "bala"
},
"expansion": "Sudovian bala",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*bolto",
"3": "",
"4": "swamp, mud"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *bolto (“swamp, mud”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*bʰelH-",
"3": "",
"4": "to shine"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰelH- (“to shine”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*obaliti",
"3": "",
"4": "to submerge, to collapse"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *obaliti (“to submerge, to collapse”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "ба́ла",
"3": "",
"4": "enchanting"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian ба́ла (bála, “enchanting”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*balagovati",
"3": "",
"4": "to mumble"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *balagovati (“to mumble”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "бала́кам",
"3": "",
"4": "to play in water"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian бала́кам (balákam, “to play in water”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain:\n* Most likely a cognate of Proto-Germanic *pōlaz (“pool”), possibly Sanskrit जम्बाल (jambāla, “clay”); perhaps from a substrate language. May be related to Proto-Turkic *balkas (“tussock in a swamp”), whence the name of lake Balkaš.\n* In the past, has been compared to Lithuanian balà (“swamp”), balùtė (“puddle”), Latvian bala (“loamy meadow, marsh”), Sudovian bala (attested in toponyms) typically linked to Proto-Slavic *bolto (“swamp, mud”), from formally unrelated Proto-Indo-European *bʰelH- (“to shine”). Dismissed as potential cognates by Smoczyński.\n* Marusenko (in regard to the Russian/Ukrainian descendants) proposes native back-formation from Proto-Slavic *obaliti (“to submerge, to collapse”) < *ob-valiti.\nCompare also superficial homophone Ukrainian ба́ла (bála, “enchanting”) (< *badla), related to Proto-Slavic *balagovati (“to mumble”), *balakati (“to babble, to make noise”) (whence dial. Bulgarian бала́кам (balákam, “to play in water”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "bala",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "balě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "baly",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "baly",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "balu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "balъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "balě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "balama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "balamъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "balǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "balě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "baly",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "balojǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "balǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "balama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "balami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "balě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "balu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "balasъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "balaxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "balo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "balě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "baly",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/bala",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "large pond",
"sense": "*baly (probably)",
"word": "⇒ Czech: balviště"
},
{
"english": "feather grass",
"sense": "*baly (probably)",
"word": "⇒ Slovene: balovína"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Slavic dialectal terms"
],
"glosses": [
"marsh, moor, pool"
],
"links": [
[
"marsh",
"marsh"
],
[
"moor",
"moor"
],
[
"pool",
"pool"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal) marsh, moor, pool"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*molka"
},
{
"word": "*kaluga"
},
{
"word": "*luža"
}
],
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"ravine"
],
"links": [
[
"ravine",
"ravine"
]
],
"qualifier": "by association",
"raw_glosses": [
"(by association) ravine"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "bala"
}
Download raw JSONL data for bala meaning in Proto-Slavic (7.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.