See živica in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSONL data for živica meaning in Proto-Slavic (5.0kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "живи́ца"
},
"expansion": "Russian: живи́ца (živíca)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: живи́ца (živíca)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "живи́ця"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: живи́ця (žyvýcja)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: живи́ця (žyvýcja)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "živice"
},
"expansion": "Czech: živice",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: živice"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "żywica"
},
"expansion": "Polish: żywica",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: żywica"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "živica"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: živica",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: živica"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "žiwica"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: žiwica",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: žiwica"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "žywica"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: žywica",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: žywica"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "זשיוועצע",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Yiddish: זשיוועצע (zhivetse)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Yiddish: זשיוועצע (zhivetse)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʷih₃wós",
"4": "*gʷih₃w-",
"gloss": "to live"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷih₃w- (“to live”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "bí",
"t": "pitch"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish bí (“pitch”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "կիւ",
"t": "tree pitch, mastic, chewing gum"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian կիւ (kiw, “tree pitch, mastic, chewing gum”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *gʷih₃w- (“to live”).\nIndo-European cognates include Old Irish bí (“pitch”), Old Armenian կիւ (kiw, “tree pitch, mastic, chewing gum”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "živìca",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "živìca",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "živici",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "živicę̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "živicę̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "živicu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "živicь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "živici",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "živicama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "živicamъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "živicǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "živici",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "živicę̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "živicejǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "živicǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "živicama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "živicami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "živici",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "živicu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "živicasъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "živicaxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "živìce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "živici",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "živicę̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "živìca"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/živica",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"galipot"
],
"id": "en-živica-sla-pro-noun-kZRhTWpF",
"links": [
[
"galipot",
"galipot"
]
],
"related": [
{
"english": "to treat, to heal",
"word": "gojiti"
},
{
"word": "gojь"
},
{
"english": "to live",
"word": "žiti"
},
{
"english": "grain, corn",
"word": "žito"
},
{
"english": "life",
"word": "životъ"
},
{
"english": "alive",
"word": "živъ"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "živica"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "живи́ца"
},
"expansion": "Russian: живи́ца (živíca)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: живи́ца (živíca)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "живи́ця"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: живи́ця (žyvýcja)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: живи́ця (žyvýcja)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "živice"
},
"expansion": "Czech: živice",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: živice"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "żywica"
},
"expansion": "Polish: żywica",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: żywica"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "živica"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: živica",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: živica"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "žiwica"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: žiwica",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: žiwica"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "žywica"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: žywica",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: žywica"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "זשיוועצע",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Yiddish: זשיוועצע (zhivetse)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Yiddish: זשיוועצע (zhivetse)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʷih₃wós",
"4": "*gʷih₃w-",
"gloss": "to live"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷih₃w- (“to live”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "bí",
"t": "pitch"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish bí (“pitch”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "կիւ",
"t": "tree pitch, mastic, chewing gum"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian կիւ (kiw, “tree pitch, mastic, chewing gum”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *gʷih₃w- (“to live”).\nIndo-European cognates include Old Irish bí (“pitch”), Old Armenian կիւ (kiw, “tree pitch, mastic, chewing gum”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "živìca",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "živìca",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "živici",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "živicę̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "živicę̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "živicu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "živicь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "živici",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "živicama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "živicamъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "živicǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "živici",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "živicę̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "živicejǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "živicǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "živicama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "živicami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "živici",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "živicu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "živicasъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "živicaxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "živìce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "živici",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "živicę̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "živìca"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/živica",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "to treat, to heal",
"word": "gojiti"
},
{
"word": "gojь"
},
{
"english": "to live",
"word": "žiti"
},
{
"english": "grain, corn",
"word": "žito"
},
{
"english": "life",
"word": "životъ"
},
{
"english": "alive",
"word": "živъ"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic soft a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"glosses": [
"galipot"
],
"links": [
[
"galipot",
"galipot"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "živica"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-07-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-20 using wiktextract (e79c026 and b863ecc). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.