See wesaną in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{ "derived": [ { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "word": "atwesaną" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "word": "furaiwesaną" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "word": "gawesaną" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "word": "wēziz" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "word": "wezōną" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "wistiz" } ], "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gmw-pro", "2": "*wesan" }, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *wesan\nOld English: wesan\n>? Middle English: wesen (“to tend flocks, pasture”)\nOld Frisian: wēsa\nNorth Frisian:\nFöhr-Amrum: wees\nHalligen: weese\nHelgoland: wees\nMooring: weese\nSaterland Frisian: weze\nWest Frisian: wêze\nOld Saxon: wesan\nMiddle Low German: wēsen\nDutch Low Saxon: waen\nGerman Low German: wesen, ween\nOld Dutch: wesan, weson\nMiddle Dutch: wēsen\nDutch: wezen\nAfrikaans: wees\nJersey Dutch: wêze\nNegerhollands: wees, wis\nLimburgish: waeze\nOld High German: wesan\nMiddle High German: wësen", "name": "desctree" } ], "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *wesan\nOld English: wesan\n>? Middle English: wesen (“to tend flocks, pasture”)\nOld Frisian: wēsa\nNorth Frisian:\nFöhr-Amrum: wees\nHalligen: weese\nHelgoland: wees\nMooring: weese\nSaterland Frisian: weze\nWest Frisian: wêze\nOld Saxon: wesan\nMiddle Low German: wēsen\nDutch Low Saxon: waen\nGerman Low German: wesen, ween\nOld Dutch: wesan, weson\nMiddle Dutch: wēsen\nDutch: wezen\nAfrikaans: wees\nJersey Dutch: wêze\nNegerhollands: wees, wis\nLimburgish: waeze\nOld High German: wesan\nMiddle High German: wësen" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gmq-pro", "2": "" }, "expansion": "Proto-Norse:", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Proto-Norse:" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "non", "2": "vesa" }, "expansion": "Old Norse: vesa", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "early" }, "expansion": "(early)", "name": "q" }, { "args": { "1": "non", "2": "vera", "nolb": "1" }, "expansion": "vera\nIcelandic: vera\nFaroese: vera\nNorwegian Nynorsk: vera; (dialectal) vè, vårå, vørå, vørrø, vara, va\nJamtish: vara, ve\nElfdalian: wårå\nOld Swedish: vara, væra, væræ\nSwedish: vara\nOld Danish: wæræ, waræ\nDanish: være\nNorwegian Bokmål: være\nOld Gutnish: wara", "name": "desctree" } ], "text": "Old Norse: vesa (early), vera\nIcelandic: vera\nFaroese: vera\nNorwegian Nynorsk: vera; (dialectal) vè, vårå, vørå, vørrø, vara, va\nJamtish: vara, ve\nElfdalian: wårå\nOld Swedish: vara, væra, væræ\nSwedish: vara\nOld Danish: wæræ, waræ\nDanish: være\nNorwegian Bokmål: være\nOld Gutnish: wara" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "got", "2": "𐍅𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌽" }, "expansion": "Gothic: 𐍅𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌽 (wisan)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Gothic: 𐍅𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌽 (wisan)" } ], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gem-pro", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*h₁es-", "4": "*h₂wes-" }, "expansion": "", "name": "root" }, { "args": { "1": "gem-pro", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "-" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European", "name": "inh" } ], "etymology_text": "From two different Proto-Indo-European roots:\n* The present tense from *h₁ésti, from *h₁es- (“to be”).\n* The past tense from *h₂wes- (“to dwell, stay”).", "forms": [ { "form": "irregular", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "gem-conj-irreg", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "immi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "indicative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "sijǭ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "imperative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "passive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "passive", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "izi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "sijēs", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "second-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wes", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "imperative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "indicative", "passive", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "passive", "second-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "isti", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "sijē", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "singular", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wesadau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "imperative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "indicative", "passive", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "passive", "singular", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "izū", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "indicative" ] }, { "form": "sīw", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "imperative" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "first-person", "indicative", "passive" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "first-person", "passive", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "izudiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "indicative", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "sīþiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wesadiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "imperative", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "indicative", "passive", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "passive", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "izum", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "indicative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "sīm", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "plural", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "imperative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "passive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "passive", "plural", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "izud", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "sīþ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "plural", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wisid", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "imperative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "indicative", "passive", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "passive", "plural", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "sindi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "sīn", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "plural", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wesandau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "imperative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "indicative", "passive", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "passive", "plural", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "was", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "indicative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wēzį̄", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wast", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wēzīz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "second-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "was", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wēzī", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "singular", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wēzū", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "indicative" ] }, { "form": "wēzīw", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wēzudiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "indicative", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "wēzīdiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wēzum", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "indicative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "wēzīm", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "plural", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wēzud", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "wēzīd", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "plural", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wēzun", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wēzīn", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "plural", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wesandz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "participle", "present" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "participle", "past", "subjunctive" ] } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "wesaną" }, "name": "gem-conj-irreg" } ], "lang": "Proto-Germanic", "lang_code": "gem-pro", "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wesaną", "pos": "verb", "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "to be" ], "id": "en-wesaną-gem-pro-verb-gem_pro:be", "links": [ [ "be", "be" ] ], "senseid": [ "gem-pro:be" ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "*beuną" } ], "tags": [ "reconstruction" ] }, { "categories": [ { "_dis": "17 38 17 28", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 1 entry", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "14 55 14 18", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "12 58 12 19", "kind": "other", "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "to remain" ], "id": "en-wesaną-gem-pro-verb-Opdue8dB", "links": [ [ "remain", "remain" ] ], "tags": [ "reconstruction" ] }, { "glosses": [ "to exist" ], "id": "en-wesaną-gem-pro-verb-n-Jbd-ah", "links": [ [ "exist", "exist" ] ], "tags": [ "reconstruction" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈwe.sɑ.nɑ̃/" } ], "wikipedia": [ "Brill Publishers" ], "word": "wesaną" } { "derived": [ { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "wistiz" } ], "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gmw-pro", "2": "*wesan" }, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *wesan", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *wesan" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ang", "2": "wesan", "t": "to feast", "unc": "1" }, "expansion": ">? Old English: wesan (“to feast”)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": ">? Old English: wesan (“to feast”)" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "enm", "2": "wesen", "t": "to tend, pasture", "unc": "1" }, "expansion": ">? Middle English: wesen (“to tend, pasture”)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": ">? Middle English: wesen (“to tend, pasture”)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "goh", "2": "*wesan" }, "expansion": "Old High German: *wesan", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Old High German: *wesan" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "goh", "2": "ferwesan", "der": "1", "qq": "only in glosses", "t": "to waste, consume" }, "expansion": "⇒ Old High German: ferwesan (“to waste, consume”) (only in glosses)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "⇒ Old High German: ferwesan (“to waste, consume”) (only in glosses)" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "got", "2": "𐍅𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌽" }, "expansion": "Gothic: 𐍅𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌽 (wisan)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Gothic: 𐍅𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌽 (wisan)" } ], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gem-pro", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*wes-", "id": "graze" }, "expansion": "", "name": "root" }, { "args": { "1": "gem-pro", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*wes-", "id": "graze", "t": "to graze" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wes- (“to graze”)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "cel-pro", "2": "*westā", "t": "food, feast" }, "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *westā (“food, feast”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "la", "2": "vēscor", "t": "to make use of" }, "expansion": "Latin vēscor (“to make use of”)", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *wes- (“to graze”). Related to Proto-Celtic *westā (“food, feast”), Latin vēscor (“to make use of”).", "forms": [ { "form": "strong", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "gem-conj-st", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "5", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "wesō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "indicative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wesaų", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "imperative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wesai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "passive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "passive", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wisizi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wesaiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "second-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wes", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "imperative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wesazai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "indicative", "passive", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wesaizau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "passive", "second-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wisidi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wesai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "singular", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wesadau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "imperative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wesadai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "indicative", "passive", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wesaidau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "passive", "singular", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wesōz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "indicative" ] }, { "form": "wesaiw", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "imperative" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "first-person", "indicative", "passive" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "first-person", "passive", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wesadiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "indicative", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "wesaidiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wesadiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "imperative", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "indicative", "passive", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "passive", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wesamaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "indicative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "wesaim", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "plural", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "imperative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "wesandai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "passive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "wesaindau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "passive", "plural", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wisid", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "wesaid", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "plural", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wisid", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "imperative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "wesandai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "indicative", "passive", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "wesaindau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "passive", "plural", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wesandi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wesain", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "plural", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wesandau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "imperative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wesandai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "indicative", "passive", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wesaindau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "passive", "plural", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "was", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "indicative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wēzį̄", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wast", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wēzīz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "second-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "was", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wēzī", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "singular", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wēzū", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "indicative" ] }, { "form": "wēzīw", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wēzudiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "indicative", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "wēzīdiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wēzum", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "indicative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "wēzīm", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "plural", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wēzud", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "wēzīd", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "plural", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wēzun", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wēzīn", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "plural", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wesandz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "participle", "present" ] }, { "form": "wezanaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "participle", "past", "subjunctive" ] } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "wes", "2": "was", "3": "wēz", "4": "wez", "class": "5" }, "name": "gem-conj-st" } ], "lang": "Proto-Germanic", "lang_code": "gem-pro", "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wesaną", "pos": "verb", "senses": [ { "derived": [ { "word": "frawesaną" } ], "glosses": [ "to consume, feast" ], "id": "en-wesaną-gem-pro-verb-gem_pro:consume", "links": [ [ "consume", "consume" ], [ "feast", "feast" ] ], "senseid": [ "gem-pro:consume" ], "tags": [ "reconstruction" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈwe.sɑ.nɑ̃/" } ], "wikipedia": [ "Brill Publishers" ], "word": "wesaną" }
{ "categories": [ "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Proto-Germanic class 5 strong verbs", "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header", "Proto-Germanic irregular verbs", "Proto-Germanic lemmas", "Proto-Germanic suppletive verbs", "Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁es-", "Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂wes-", "Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *wes- (graze)", "Proto-Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European", "Proto-Germanic verbs" ], "derived": [ { "word": "atwesaną" }, { "word": "furaiwesaną" }, { "word": "gawesaną" }, { "word": "wēziz" }, { "word": "wezōną" }, { "word": "wistiz" } ], "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gmw-pro", "2": "*wesan" }, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *wesan\nOld English: wesan\n>? Middle English: wesen (“to tend flocks, pasture”)\nOld Frisian: wēsa\nNorth Frisian:\nFöhr-Amrum: wees\nHalligen: weese\nHelgoland: wees\nMooring: weese\nSaterland Frisian: weze\nWest Frisian: wêze\nOld Saxon: wesan\nMiddle Low German: wēsen\nDutch Low Saxon: waen\nGerman Low German: wesen, ween\nOld Dutch: wesan, weson\nMiddle Dutch: wēsen\nDutch: wezen\nAfrikaans: wees\nJersey Dutch: wêze\nNegerhollands: wees, wis\nLimburgish: waeze\nOld High German: wesan\nMiddle High German: wësen", "name": "desctree" } ], "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *wesan\nOld English: wesan\n>? Middle English: wesen (“to tend flocks, pasture”)\nOld Frisian: wēsa\nNorth Frisian:\nFöhr-Amrum: wees\nHalligen: weese\nHelgoland: wees\nMooring: weese\nSaterland Frisian: weze\nWest Frisian: wêze\nOld Saxon: wesan\nMiddle Low German: wēsen\nDutch Low Saxon: waen\nGerman Low German: wesen, ween\nOld Dutch: wesan, weson\nMiddle Dutch: wēsen\nDutch: wezen\nAfrikaans: wees\nJersey Dutch: wêze\nNegerhollands: wees, wis\nLimburgish: waeze\nOld High German: wesan\nMiddle High German: wësen" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gmq-pro", "2": "" }, "expansion": "Proto-Norse:", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Proto-Norse:" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "non", "2": "vesa" }, "expansion": "Old Norse: vesa", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "early" }, "expansion": "(early)", "name": "q" }, { "args": { "1": "non", "2": "vera", "nolb": "1" }, "expansion": "vera\nIcelandic: vera\nFaroese: vera\nNorwegian Nynorsk: vera; (dialectal) vè, vårå, vørå, vørrø, vara, va\nJamtish: vara, ve\nElfdalian: wårå\nOld Swedish: vara, væra, væræ\nSwedish: vara\nOld Danish: wæræ, waræ\nDanish: være\nNorwegian Bokmål: være\nOld Gutnish: wara", "name": "desctree" } ], "text": "Old Norse: vesa (early), vera\nIcelandic: vera\nFaroese: vera\nNorwegian Nynorsk: vera; (dialectal) vè, vårå, vørå, vørrø, vara, va\nJamtish: vara, ve\nElfdalian: wårå\nOld Swedish: vara, væra, væræ\nSwedish: vara\nOld Danish: wæræ, waræ\nDanish: være\nNorwegian Bokmål: være\nOld Gutnish: wara" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "got", "2": "𐍅𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌽" }, "expansion": "Gothic: 𐍅𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌽 (wisan)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Gothic: 𐍅𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌽 (wisan)" } ], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gem-pro", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*h₁es-", "4": "*h₂wes-" }, "expansion": "", "name": "root" }, { "args": { "1": "gem-pro", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "-" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European", "name": "inh" } ], "etymology_text": "From two different Proto-Indo-European roots:\n* The present tense from *h₁ésti, from *h₁es- (“to be”).\n* The past tense from *h₂wes- (“to dwell, stay”).", "forms": [ { "form": "irregular", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "gem-conj-irreg", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "immi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "indicative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "sijǭ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "imperative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "passive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "passive", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "izi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "sijēs", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "second-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wes", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "imperative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "indicative", "passive", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "passive", "second-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "isti", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "sijē", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "singular", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wesadau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "imperative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "indicative", "passive", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "passive", "singular", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "izū", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "indicative" ] }, { "form": "sīw", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "imperative" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "first-person", "indicative", "passive" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "first-person", "passive", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "izudiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "indicative", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "sīþiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wesadiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "imperative", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "indicative", "passive", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "passive", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "izum", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "indicative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "sīm", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "plural", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "imperative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "passive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "passive", "plural", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "izud", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "sīþ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "plural", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wisid", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "imperative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "indicative", "passive", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "passive", "plural", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "sindi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "sīn", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "plural", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wesandau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "imperative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "indicative", "passive", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "passive", "plural", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "was", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "indicative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wēzį̄", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wast", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wēzīz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "second-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "was", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wēzī", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "singular", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wēzū", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "indicative" ] }, { "form": "wēzīw", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wēzudiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "indicative", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "wēzīdiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wēzum", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "indicative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "wēzīm", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "plural", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wēzud", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "wēzīd", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "plural", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wēzun", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wēzīn", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "plural", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wesandz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "participle", "present" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "participle", "past", "subjunctive" ] } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "wesaną" }, "name": "gem-conj-irreg" } ], "lang": "Proto-Germanic", "lang_code": "gem-pro", "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wesaną", "pos": "verb", "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "to be" ], "links": [ [ "be", "be" ] ], "senseid": [ "gem-pro:be" ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "*beuną" } ], "tags": [ "reconstruction" ] }, { "glosses": [ "to remain" ], "links": [ [ "remain", "remain" ] ], "tags": [ "reconstruction" ] }, { "glosses": [ "to exist" ], "links": [ [ "exist", "exist" ] ], "tags": [ "reconstruction" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈwe.sɑ.nɑ̃/" } ], "wikipedia": [ "Brill Publishers" ], "word": "wesaną" } { "categories": [ "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Proto-Germanic class 5 strong verbs", "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header", "Proto-Germanic lemmas", "Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *wes- (graze)", "Proto-Germanic verbs" ], "derived": [ { "word": "frawesaną" }, { "word": "wistiz" } ], "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gmw-pro", "2": "*wesan" }, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *wesan", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *wesan" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ang", "2": "wesan", "t": "to feast", "unc": "1" }, "expansion": ">? Old English: wesan (“to feast”)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": ">? Old English: wesan (“to feast”)" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "enm", "2": "wesen", "t": "to tend, pasture", "unc": "1" }, "expansion": ">? Middle English: wesen (“to tend, pasture”)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": ">? Middle English: wesen (“to tend, pasture”)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "goh", "2": "*wesan" }, "expansion": "Old High German: *wesan", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Old High German: *wesan" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "goh", "2": "ferwesan", "der": "1", "qq": "only in glosses", "t": "to waste, consume" }, "expansion": "⇒ Old High German: ferwesan (“to waste, consume”) (only in glosses)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "⇒ Old High German: ferwesan (“to waste, consume”) (only in glosses)" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "got", "2": "𐍅𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌽" }, "expansion": "Gothic: 𐍅𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌽 (wisan)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Gothic: 𐍅𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌽 (wisan)" } ], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gem-pro", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*wes-", "id": "graze" }, "expansion": "", "name": "root" }, { "args": { "1": "gem-pro", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*wes-", "id": "graze", "t": "to graze" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wes- (“to graze”)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "cel-pro", "2": "*westā", "t": "food, feast" }, "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *westā (“food, feast”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "la", "2": "vēscor", "t": "to make use of" }, "expansion": "Latin vēscor (“to make use of”)", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *wes- (“to graze”). Related to Proto-Celtic *westā (“food, feast”), Latin vēscor (“to make use of”).", "forms": [ { "form": "strong", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "gem-conj-st", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "5", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "wesō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "indicative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wesaų", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "imperative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wesai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "passive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "passive", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wisizi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wesaiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "second-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wes", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "imperative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wesazai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "indicative", "passive", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wesaizau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "passive", "second-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wisidi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wesai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "singular", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wesadau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "imperative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wesadai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "indicative", "passive", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wesaidau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "passive", "singular", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wesōz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "indicative" ] }, { "form": "wesaiw", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "imperative" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "first-person", "indicative", "passive" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "first-person", "passive", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wesadiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "indicative", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "wesaidiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wesadiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "imperative", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "indicative", "passive", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "passive", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wesamaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "indicative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "wesaim", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "plural", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "imperative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "wesandai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "passive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "wesaindau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "passive", "plural", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wisid", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "wesaid", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "plural", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wisid", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "imperative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "wesandai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "indicative", "passive", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "wesaindau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "passive", "plural", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wesandi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wesain", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "plural", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wesandau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "imperative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wesandai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "indicative", "passive", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wesaindau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "passive", "plural", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "was", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "indicative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wēzį̄", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wast", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wēzīz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "second-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "was", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wēzī", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "singular", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wēzū", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "indicative" ] }, { "form": "wēzīw", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wēzudiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "indicative", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "wēzīdiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wēzum", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "indicative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "wēzīm", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "plural", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wēzud", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "wēzīd", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "plural", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wēzun", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wēzīn", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "plural", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wesandz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "participle", "present" ] }, { "form": "wezanaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "participle", "past", "subjunctive" ] } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "wes", "2": "was", "3": "wēz", "4": "wez", "class": "5" }, "name": "gem-conj-st" } ], "lang": "Proto-Germanic", "lang_code": "gem-pro", "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wesaną", "pos": "verb", "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "to consume, feast" ], "links": [ [ "consume", "consume" ], [ "feast", "feast" ] ], "senseid": [ "gem-pro:consume" ], "tags": [ "reconstruction" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈwe.sɑ.nɑ̃/" } ], "wikipedia": [ "Brill Publishers" ], "word": "wesaną" }
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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (df33d17 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
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