See twiznaz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
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{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
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"3": "",
"4": "*dwis-nó-s",
"t": "double"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dwis-nó-s (“double”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dwís",
"t": "twice, in two"
},
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"name": "der"
},
{
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{
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"nocap": "1"
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}
],
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{
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{
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"nominative",
"plural"
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{
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"plural"
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},
{
"form": "twizn",
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"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznōz",
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"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznōs",
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"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "twizną",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "*twiznô",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
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}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/twiznaz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic terms prefixed with *twiz-",
"parents": [],
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},
{
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}
],
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}
],
"glosses": [
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],
"id": "en-twiznaz-gem-pro-noun-gypFJhuJ",
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],
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}
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],
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}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"word": "twīn"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "twyn"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "twine"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "twine"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "twire"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "twine"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "twyn"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "twine"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "twine"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "twire"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "twyne"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "twyn"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "twine"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "twine"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "twire"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "twin"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "twyn"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "twine"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "twine"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "twire"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "twern"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "twyn"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "twine"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "twine"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "twire"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "*twire"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "twyn"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "twine"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "twine"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "twire"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "*twir"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"word": "*twirn"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "twyn"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "twine"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "twine"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "twire"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "twine"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "twyn"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "twine"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "twine"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "twire"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "twyne"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "twyn"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "twine"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "twine"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "twire"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "twin"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "twyn"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "twine"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "twine"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "twire"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "twern"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "twyn"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "twine"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "twine"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "twire"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "*twire"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "twyn"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "twine"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "twine"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "twire"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "*twir"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"word": "*tweorn"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Saterland Frisian",
"lang_code": "stq",
"word": "Twien"
},
{
"lang": "West Frisian",
"lang_code": "fy",
"word": "twyn"
}
],
"lang": "Old Frisian",
"lang_code": "ofs",
"word": "*twīn"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "German Low German",
"lang_code": "nds-de",
"word": "Tweern"
},
{
"lang": "German Low German",
"lang_code": "nds-de",
"word": "Tweernt"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"word": "twern"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "German Low German",
"lang_code": "nds-de",
"word": "Tweern"
},
{
"lang": "German Low German",
"lang_code": "nds-de",
"word": "Tweernt"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"word": "twerne"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "German Low German",
"lang_code": "nds-de",
"word": "Tweern"
},
{
"lang": "German Low German",
"lang_code": "nds-de",
"word": "Tweernt"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"word": "twērne"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"word": "*twirn"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "tweern"
},
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "twijn"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"word": "twern"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "tweern"
},
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "twijn"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"word": "tweren"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "tweern"
},
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "twijn"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"word": "twaern"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "tweern"
},
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "twijn"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"word": "twijn"
}
],
"lang": "Old Dutch",
"lang_code": "odt",
"word": "*twīn"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "tweern"
},
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "twijn"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"word": "twern"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "tweern"
},
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "twijn"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"word": "tweren"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "tweern"
},
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "twijn"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"word": "twaern"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "tweern"
},
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "twijn"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"word": "twijn"
}
],
"lang": "Old Dutch",
"lang_code": "odt",
"word": "*twirn"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "Zwirn"
},
{
"lang": "Hunsrik",
"lang_code": "hrx",
"word": "Zwern"
},
{
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"lang_code": "lb",
"word": "Zwir"
}
],
"lang": "Middle High German",
"lang_code": "gmh",
"word": "zwirn"
}
],
"lang": "Old High German",
"lang_code": "goh",
"word": "*zwirn"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"word": "*twiʀn"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"word": "tvinni"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"word": "tvinni"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*dwis-nó-s",
"t": "double"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dwis-nó-s (“double”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dwís",
"t": "twice, in two"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dwís (“twice, in two”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*twiz-",
"3": "*-naz"
},
"expansion": "*twiz- + *-naz",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*twinaz",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "piecewise doublet of *twinaz",
"name": "pw dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *dwis-nó-s (“double”), from Proto-Indo-European *dwís (“twice, in two”) + *-nós. Equivalent to *twiz- + *-naz. This would make it a piecewise doublet of *twinaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "twizn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "twizną",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "*twiznô",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/twiznaz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic piecewise doublets",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms prefixed with *twiz-",
"Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-naz"
],
"glosses": [
"thread, twine"
],
"links": [
[
"thread",
"thread"
],
[
"twine",
"twine"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "twiznaz"
}
Download raw JSONL data for twiznaz meaning in Proto-Germanic (11.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-10-07 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-10-01 using wiktextract (19bd8d3 and 1ab82da). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.