See twiznāną in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*twiʀnēn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *twiʀnēn\nOld English: *twīnian\nMiddle English: twynen\nEnglish: twine\nScots: twine\nOld Frisian: *twīnia\nSaterland Frisian: twienje\nWest Frisian: twynje, twine\nOld Saxon: *twirnōn\nMiddle Low German: twernen\nLow German: twernen\nOld Dutch: *twirnon, *twīnon\nMiddle Dutch: twernen, twinen\nDutch: tweernen, twijnen\nOld High German: zwirnēn, zwirnōn\nMiddle High German: zwirnen\nGerman: zwirnen",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *twiʀnēn\nOld English: *twīnian\nMiddle English: twynen\nEnglish: twine\nScots: twine\nOld Frisian: *twīnia\nSaterland Frisian: twienje\nWest Frisian: twynje, twine\nOld Saxon: *twirnōn\nMiddle Low German: twernen\nLow German: twernen\nOld Dutch: *twirnon, *twīnon\nMiddle Dutch: twernen, twinen\nDutch: tweernen, twijnen\nOld High German: zwirnēn, zwirnōn\nMiddle High German: zwirnen\nGerman: zwirnen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "tvinna"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: tvinna",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: tvinna"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "tvinna"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: tvinna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: tvinna"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "tvinne"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: tvinne",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: tvinne"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "tvinna"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: tvinna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: tvinna"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "tvinde"
},
"expansion": "Danish: tvinde",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: tvinde"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*twiznaz",
"3": "*-āną",
"id2": "denominative",
"t1": "twine"
},
"expansion": "*twiznaz (“twine”) + *-āną",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *twiznaz (“twine”) + *-āną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-conj-wk3",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "3",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznaisi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznāsai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznaiþi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznāþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznāþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"passive",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznāþiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznāþiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"imperative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"passive",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznāmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznānþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznaiþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznaiþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznānþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznānþi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznānþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznānþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznadǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznadēdį̄",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznadēz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznadēdīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznadē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznadēdī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznadēdū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznadēdīw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznadēdudiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznadēdīdiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznadēdum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznadēdīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznadēdud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznadēdīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznadēdun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznadēdīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznāndz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznadaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "twizn"
},
"name": "gem-conj-wk3"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/twiznāną",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-āną (denominative)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to twine, wind threads"
],
"id": "en-twiznāną-gem-pro-verb-oWktBTk5",
"links": [
[
"twine",
"twine"
],
[
"wind",
"wind"
],
[
"threads",
"threads"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtwiz.nɑː.nɑ̃/"
}
],
"word": "twiznāną"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*twiʀnēn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *twiʀnēn\nOld English: *twīnian\nMiddle English: twynen\nEnglish: twine\nScots: twine\nOld Frisian: *twīnia\nSaterland Frisian: twienje\nWest Frisian: twynje, twine\nOld Saxon: *twirnōn\nMiddle Low German: twernen\nLow German: twernen\nOld Dutch: *twirnon, *twīnon\nMiddle Dutch: twernen, twinen\nDutch: tweernen, twijnen\nOld High German: zwirnēn, zwirnōn\nMiddle High German: zwirnen\nGerman: zwirnen",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *twiʀnēn\nOld English: *twīnian\nMiddle English: twynen\nEnglish: twine\nScots: twine\nOld Frisian: *twīnia\nSaterland Frisian: twienje\nWest Frisian: twynje, twine\nOld Saxon: *twirnōn\nMiddle Low German: twernen\nLow German: twernen\nOld Dutch: *twirnon, *twīnon\nMiddle Dutch: twernen, twinen\nDutch: tweernen, twijnen\nOld High German: zwirnēn, zwirnōn\nMiddle High German: zwirnen\nGerman: zwirnen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "tvinna"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: tvinna",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: tvinna"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "tvinna"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: tvinna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: tvinna"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "tvinne"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: tvinne",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: tvinne"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "tvinna"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: tvinna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: tvinna"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "tvinde"
},
"expansion": "Danish: tvinde",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: tvinde"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*twiznaz",
"3": "*-āną",
"id2": "denominative",
"t1": "twine"
},
"expansion": "*twiznaz (“twine”) + *-āną",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *twiznaz (“twine”) + *-āną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-conj-wk3",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "3",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznaisi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznāsai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznaiþi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznāþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznāþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"passive",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznāþiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznāþiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"imperative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"passive",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznāmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznānþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznaiþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznaiþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznānþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznānþi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznānþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznānþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznadǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznadēdį̄",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznadēz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznadēdīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznadē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznadēdī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznadēdū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznadēdīw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznadēdudiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznadēdīdiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznadēdum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznadēdīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznadēdud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznadēdīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznadēdun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznadēdīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznāndz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "twiznadaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "twizn"
},
"name": "gem-conj-wk3"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/twiznāną",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic class 3 weak verbs",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-āną (denominative)",
"Proto-Germanic verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to twine, wind threads"
],
"links": [
[
"twine",
"twine"
],
[
"wind",
"wind"
],
[
"threads",
"threads"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtwiz.nɑː.nɑ̃/"
}
],
"word": "twiznāną"
}
Download raw JSONL data for twiznāną meaning in Proto-Germanic (9.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (d49d402 and a5af179). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.