See tawwą in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "*tawa"
},
"expansion": "Old English: *tawa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: *tawa (in webtawa); *tawe; ġetawe; *tōw"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "touw"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: touw",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: touw"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "touw",
"3": "tow"
},
"expansion": "Scots: touw, tow",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: touw, tow"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "tow"
},
"expansion": "English: tow",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: tow"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "tāuwe",
"3": "tāuw",
"4": "towe",
"5": "tau",
"6": "tou"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: tāuwe, tāuw, towe, tau, tou",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: tāuwe, tāuw, towe, tau, tou"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Tau"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Tau",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: Tau"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "tou"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: tou",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: tou"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*tō",
"3": "tou"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *tō, tou",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *tō, tou"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "touw"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: touw",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: touw"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Tau",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Tau",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Tau"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Tau"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: Tau",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: Tau"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*tou"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *tou",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *tou"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "touwe"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: touwe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: touwe"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "touw"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: touw\nAfrikaans: tou\nBerbice Creole Dutch: tau\nJersey Dutch: tāu\nNegerhollands: toouw, tou, tau\nSkepi Creole Dutch: tau\n→ Lokono: tau\n→? Sranan Tongo: t'tei\n→ Lokono: tetei\n→ Aukan: tetei\n→ Caribbean Hindustani: tatai\n→ Warao: táu, táü, tao",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: touw\nAfrikaans: tou\nBerbice Creole Dutch: tau\nJersey Dutch: tāu\nNegerhollands: toouw, tou, tau\nSkepi Creole Dutch: tau\n→ Lokono: tau\n→? Sranan Tongo: t'tei\n→ Lokono: tetei\n→ Aukan: tetei\n→ Caribbean Hindustani: tatai\n→ Warao: táu, táü, tao"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vls",
"2": "towwe"
},
"expansion": "West Flemish: towwe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Flemish: towwe"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "zouwa"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: zouwa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: zouwa; gizawa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "gezawe",
"3": "gezouwe"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: gezawe, gezouwe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: gezawe, gezouwe"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "tó"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: tó",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: tó"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "tó"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: tó",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: tó"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "tó"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: tó",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: tó"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "to"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian: to",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian: to"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "to",
"alt": "tō"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: tō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: tō"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "to"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: to",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: to (archaic)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dewh₂-",
"4": "",
"5": "to tie to; secure"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dewh₂- (“to tie to; secure”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *dewh₂- (“to tie to; secure”). Kroonen (2013) prefers to derive it from *deh₁-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "tawwą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tawwō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tawwą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tawwō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tawwą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tawwō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tawwas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tawwis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tawwǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tawwai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tawwamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tawwō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tawwamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/tawwą",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "tawjaną"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "tōlą"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "42 28 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "62 27 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "58 12 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tool; apparatus; gadget"
],
"id": "en-tawwą-gem-pro-noun-B6K90M5E",
"links": [
[
"tool",
"tool"
],
[
"apparatus",
"apparatus"
],
[
"gadget",
"gadget"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*tōlą"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"equipment; rigging"
],
"id": "en-tawwą-gem-pro-noun-p-vU~oMm",
"links": [
[
"equipment",
"equipment"
],
[
"rigging",
"rigging"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"rope, line; fiber"
],
"id": "en-tawwą-gem-pro-noun-NOjow32Q",
"links": [
[
"rope",
"rope"
],
[
"line",
"line"
],
[
"fiber",
"fiber"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*līnǭ"
},
{
"word": "*raipaz"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɑw.wɑ̃/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "tawą"
}
],
"word": "tawwą"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic neuter nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "*tawa"
},
"expansion": "Old English: *tawa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: *tawa (in webtawa); *tawe; ġetawe; *tōw"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "touw"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: touw",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: touw"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "touw",
"3": "tow"
},
"expansion": "Scots: touw, tow",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: touw, tow"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "tow"
},
"expansion": "English: tow",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: tow"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "tāuwe",
"3": "tāuw",
"4": "towe",
"5": "tau",
"6": "tou"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: tāuwe, tāuw, towe, tau, tou",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: tāuwe, tāuw, towe, tau, tou"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Tau"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Tau",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: Tau"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "tou"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: tou",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: tou"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*tō",
"3": "tou"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *tō, tou",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *tō, tou"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "touw"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: touw",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: touw"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Tau",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Tau",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Tau"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Tau"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: Tau",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: Tau"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*tou"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *tou",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *tou"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "touwe"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: touwe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: touwe"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "touw"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: touw\nAfrikaans: tou\nBerbice Creole Dutch: tau\nJersey Dutch: tāu\nNegerhollands: toouw, tou, tau\nSkepi Creole Dutch: tau\n→ Lokono: tau\n→? Sranan Tongo: t'tei\n→ Lokono: tetei\n→ Aukan: tetei\n→ Caribbean Hindustani: tatai\n→ Warao: táu, táü, tao",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: touw\nAfrikaans: tou\nBerbice Creole Dutch: tau\nJersey Dutch: tāu\nNegerhollands: toouw, tou, tau\nSkepi Creole Dutch: tau\n→ Lokono: tau\n→? Sranan Tongo: t'tei\n→ Lokono: tetei\n→ Aukan: tetei\n→ Caribbean Hindustani: tatai\n→ Warao: táu, táü, tao"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vls",
"2": "towwe"
},
"expansion": "West Flemish: towwe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Flemish: towwe"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "zouwa"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: zouwa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: zouwa; gizawa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "gezawe",
"3": "gezouwe"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: gezawe, gezouwe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: gezawe, gezouwe"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "tó"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: tó",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: tó"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "tó"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: tó",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: tó"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "tó"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: tó",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: tó"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "to"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian: to",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian: to"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "to",
"alt": "tō"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: tō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: tō"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "to"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: to",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: to (archaic)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dewh₂-",
"4": "",
"5": "to tie to; secure"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dewh₂- (“to tie to; secure”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *dewh₂- (“to tie to; secure”). Kroonen (2013) prefers to derive it from *deh₁-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "tawwą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tawwō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tawwą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tawwō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tawwą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tawwō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tawwas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tawwis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tawwǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tawwai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tawwamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tawwō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tawwamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/tawwą",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "tawjaną"
},
{
"word": "tōlą"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"gem-pro:Tools"
],
"glosses": [
"tool; apparatus; gadget"
],
"links": [
[
"tool",
"tool"
],
[
"apparatus",
"apparatus"
],
[
"gadget",
"gadget"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*tōlą"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"equipment; rigging"
],
"links": [
[
"equipment",
"equipment"
],
[
"rigging",
"rigging"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"gem-pro:Fibers"
],
"glosses": [
"rope, line; fiber"
],
"links": [
[
"rope",
"rope"
],
[
"line",
"line"
],
[
"fiber",
"fiber"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*līnǭ"
},
{
"word": "*raipaz"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɑw.wɑ̃/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "tawą"
}
],
"word": "tawwą"
}
Download raw JSONL data for tawwą meaning in Proto-Germanic (6.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.