See runiz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for runiz meaning in Proto-Germanic (3.5kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ryne",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "Old English: ryne m",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: ryne m"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "rune",
"3": "rine",
"4": "rene",
"alt": "rüne"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: rüne, rine, rene",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: rüne, rine, rene"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "rine"
},
"expansion": "English: rine",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: rine"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "rin",
"3": "run"
},
"expansion": "Scots: rin, run",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: rin, run"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "rene",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: rene m",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: rene m"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "run",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: run m",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: run m"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "run",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: run n",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: run n; runi m"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "runi"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: runi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: runi"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍂𐌿𐌽𐍃",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: 𐍂𐌿𐌽𐍃 m (runs)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: 𐍂𐌿𐌽𐍃 m (runs)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(H)r̥-nw",
"t": "to flow, move, run"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(H)r̥-nw (“to flow, move, run”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *(H)r̥-nw (“to flow, move, run”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "i-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "runiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "runīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "runi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "runīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "runį",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "runinz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "runīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "runjǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "runī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "runimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "runī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "runimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/runiz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a course"
],
"id": "en-runiz-gem-pro-noun-O4kO7aOk",
"links": [
[
"course",
"course"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "rinnaną"
},
{
"word": "runsiz"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈru.niz/"
}
],
"word": "runiz"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ryne",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "Old English: ryne m",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: ryne m"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "rune",
"3": "rine",
"4": "rene",
"alt": "rüne"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: rüne, rine, rene",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: rüne, rine, rene"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "rine"
},
"expansion": "English: rine",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: rine"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "rin",
"3": "run"
},
"expansion": "Scots: rin, run",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: rin, run"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "rene",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: rene m",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: rene m"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "run",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: run m",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: run m"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "run",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: run n",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: run n; runi m"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "runi"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: runi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: runi"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍂𐌿𐌽𐍃",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: 𐍂𐌿𐌽𐍃 m (runs)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: 𐍂𐌿𐌽𐍃 m (runs)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(H)r̥-nw",
"t": "to flow, move, run"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(H)r̥-nw (“to flow, move, run”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *(H)r̥-nw (“to flow, move, run”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "i-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "runiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "runīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "runi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "runīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "runį",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "runinz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "runīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "runjǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "runī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "runimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "runī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "runimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/runiz",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "rinnaną"
},
{
"word": "runsiz"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic i-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"a course"
],
"links": [
[
"course",
"course"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈru.niz/"
}
],
"word": "runiz"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-31 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (91e95e7 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.