See luką in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "lukōną"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*lok"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *lok\nOld English: loc\nMiddle English: lok, loc, lock, loke\nEnglish: lock\nScots: lock\nYola: lauckès (plural)\n→ Anglo-Norman: loc\n⇒ Anglo-Norman: loquet\nMiddle French: loquet\nFrench: loquet\n→ English: locket\n→ Italian: lucchetto\n→ Lombard: lochet\n→ Portuguese: aloquete, loquete\n→ Middle English: locket\nEnglish: locket\nOld Frisian: lok\nOld Saxon: *lok\nMiddle Low German: lok\nGerman Low German: Lock\nOld Dutch: *lok\nMiddle Dutch: loc\nDutch: lok\nOld High German: loh\nMiddle High German: loch\nBavarian:\nCimbrian: loch, lòch (Sette Comuni)\nCentral Franconian:\nHunsrik: Loch\nLuxembourgish: Lach\nEast Central German:\nUpper Saxon German:\nVilamovian: łöch\nEast Franconian:\nGerman: Loch\n→ Czech: loch\n→ Dutch: loch\n→ Polish: loch\nRhine Franconian:\nFrankfurterisch: Loch\nPennsylvania German: Loch\nYiddish: לאָך (lokh)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *lok\nOld English: loc\nMiddle English: lok, loc, lock, loke\nEnglish: lock\nScots: lock\nYola: lauckès (plural)\n→ Anglo-Norman: loc\n⇒ Anglo-Norman: loquet\nMiddle French: loquet\nFrench: loquet\n→ English: locket\n→ Italian: lucchetto\n→ Lombard: lochet\n→ Portuguese: aloquete, loquete\n→ Middle English: locket\nEnglish: locket\nOld Frisian: lok\nOld Saxon: *lok\nMiddle Low German: lok\nGerman Low German: Lock\nOld Dutch: *lok\nMiddle Dutch: loc\nDutch: lok\nOld High German: loh\nMiddle High German: loch\nBavarian:\nCimbrian: loch, lòch (Sette Comuni)\nCentral Franconian:\nHunsrik: Loch\nLuxembourgish: Lach\nEast Central German:\nUpper Saxon German:\nVilamovian: łöch\nEast Franconian:\nGerman: Loch\n→ Czech: loch\n→ Dutch: loch\n→ Polish: loch\nRhine Franconian:\nFrankfurterisch: Loch\nPennsylvania German: Loch\nYiddish: לאָך (lokh)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "lok"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: lok",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: lok"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "lok"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: lok",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: lok"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "lok"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: lok",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: lok"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "lok",
"3": "lokk"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: lok, lokk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: lok, lokk"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "lokk"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: lokk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: lokk"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "lok",
"3": "luk"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: lok, luk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: lok, luk"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "lock"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: lock",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: lock"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "låg"
},
"expansion": "Danish: låg",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: låg"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "*𐌻𐌿𐌺"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: *𐌻𐌿𐌺 (*luk)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: *𐌻𐌿𐌺 (*luk) (in 𐌿𐍃𐌻𐌿𐌺 (usluk))"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*lewg-",
"4": "",
"5": "to bend; turn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *lewg- (“to bend; turn”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *lewg- (“to bend; turn”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "luką",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lukō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "luką",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lukō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "luką",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lukō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lukas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lukis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lukǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lukai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lukamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lukō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lukamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/luką",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "lūkaną"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"lock"
],
"id": "en-luką-gem-pro-noun-DAMFhpRf",
"links": [
[
"lock",
"lock"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"shutter"
],
"id": "en-luką-gem-pro-noun-nbOiWwCc",
"links": [
[
"shutter",
"shutter"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 41 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 19 78",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"opening, aperture, hole"
],
"id": "en-luką-gem-pro-noun-C-40p2t4",
"links": [
[
"opening",
"opening"
],
[
"aperture",
"aperture"
],
[
"hole",
"hole"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈlu.kɑ̃/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "lukǭ"
}
],
"word": "luką"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Proto-Germanic a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic neuter nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"gem-pro:Locks"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "lukōną"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*lok"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *lok\nOld English: loc\nMiddle English: lok, loc, lock, loke\nEnglish: lock\nScots: lock\nYola: lauckès (plural)\n→ Anglo-Norman: loc\n⇒ Anglo-Norman: loquet\nMiddle French: loquet\nFrench: loquet\n→ English: locket\n→ Italian: lucchetto\n→ Lombard: lochet\n→ Portuguese: aloquete, loquete\n→ Middle English: locket\nEnglish: locket\nOld Frisian: lok\nOld Saxon: *lok\nMiddle Low German: lok\nGerman Low German: Lock\nOld Dutch: *lok\nMiddle Dutch: loc\nDutch: lok\nOld High German: loh\nMiddle High German: loch\nBavarian:\nCimbrian: loch, lòch (Sette Comuni)\nCentral Franconian:\nHunsrik: Loch\nLuxembourgish: Lach\nEast Central German:\nUpper Saxon German:\nVilamovian: łöch\nEast Franconian:\nGerman: Loch\n→ Czech: loch\n→ Dutch: loch\n→ Polish: loch\nRhine Franconian:\nFrankfurterisch: Loch\nPennsylvania German: Loch\nYiddish: לאָך (lokh)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *lok\nOld English: loc\nMiddle English: lok, loc, lock, loke\nEnglish: lock\nScots: lock\nYola: lauckès (plural)\n→ Anglo-Norman: loc\n⇒ Anglo-Norman: loquet\nMiddle French: loquet\nFrench: loquet\n→ English: locket\n→ Italian: lucchetto\n→ Lombard: lochet\n→ Portuguese: aloquete, loquete\n→ Middle English: locket\nEnglish: locket\nOld Frisian: lok\nOld Saxon: *lok\nMiddle Low German: lok\nGerman Low German: Lock\nOld Dutch: *lok\nMiddle Dutch: loc\nDutch: lok\nOld High German: loh\nMiddle High German: loch\nBavarian:\nCimbrian: loch, lòch (Sette Comuni)\nCentral Franconian:\nHunsrik: Loch\nLuxembourgish: Lach\nEast Central German:\nUpper Saxon German:\nVilamovian: łöch\nEast Franconian:\nGerman: Loch\n→ Czech: loch\n→ Dutch: loch\n→ Polish: loch\nRhine Franconian:\nFrankfurterisch: Loch\nPennsylvania German: Loch\nYiddish: לאָך (lokh)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "lok"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: lok",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: lok"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "lok"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: lok",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: lok"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "lok"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: lok",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: lok"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "lok",
"3": "lokk"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: lok, lokk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: lok, lokk"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "lokk"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: lokk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: lokk"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "lok",
"3": "luk"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: lok, luk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: lok, luk"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "lock"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: lock",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: lock"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "låg"
},
"expansion": "Danish: låg",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: låg"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "*𐌻𐌿𐌺"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: *𐌻𐌿𐌺 (*luk)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: *𐌻𐌿𐌺 (*luk) (in 𐌿𐍃𐌻𐌿𐌺 (usluk))"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*lewg-",
"4": "",
"5": "to bend; turn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *lewg- (“to bend; turn”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *lewg- (“to bend; turn”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "luką",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lukō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "luką",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lukō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "luką",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lukō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lukas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lukis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lukǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lukai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lukamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lukō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lukamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/luką",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "lūkaną"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"lock"
],
"links": [
[
"lock",
"lock"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"shutter"
],
"links": [
[
"shutter",
"shutter"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"opening, aperture, hole"
],
"links": [
[
"opening",
"opening"
],
[
"aperture",
"aperture"
],
[
"hole",
"hole"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈlu.kɑ̃/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "lukǭ"
}
],
"word": "luką"
}
Download raw JSONL data for luką meaning in Proto-Germanic (5.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-09-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-08-20 using wiktextract (8e41825 and f99c758). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.