See librō in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*libru"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *libru\nOld English: lifer\nMiddle English: lyvere, lyver, livere\nEnglish: liver\nScots: liver\nOld Frisian: livere\nSaterland Frisian: Líeuwer\nWest Frisian: lever\nOld Saxon: *livara, *levara (attested in Old Saxon leverinlappa)\nMiddle Low German: lēver\nGerman Low German: Lever\nPlautdietsch: Läwa\nOld Dutch: *levara\nMiddle Dutch: lēvere\nDutch: lever\nAfrikaans: lewer\nBerbice Creole Dutch: lefre\nNegerhollands: leber\n→ Aukan: lebii\n→ Indonesian: lever\n→ Saramaccan: lebèn\n→ Sranan Tongo: lefre\n→ Caribbean Javanese: léfer\nOld High German: lebara\nMiddle High German: leber\nGerman: Leber\nCentral Franconian: Levver, Läver, Leaver\nHunsrik: Lewer\nLuxembourgish: Liewer\nVilamovian: łaower\nYiddish: לעבער (leber)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *libru\nOld English: lifer\nMiddle English: lyvere, lyver, livere\nEnglish: liver\nScots: liver\nOld Frisian: livere\nSaterland Frisian: Líeuwer\nWest Frisian: lever\nOld Saxon: *livara, *levara (attested in Old Saxon leverinlappa)\nMiddle Low German: lēver\nGerman Low German: Lever\nPlautdietsch: Läwa\nOld Dutch: *levara\nMiddle Dutch: lēvere\nDutch: lever\nAfrikaans: lewer\nBerbice Creole Dutch: lefre\nNegerhollands: leber\n→ Aukan: lebii\n→ Indonesian: lever\n→ Saramaccan: lebèn\n→ Sranan Tongo: lefre\n→ Caribbean Javanese: léfer\nOld High German: lebara\nMiddle High German: leber\nGerman: Leber\nCentral Franconian: Levver, Läver, Leaver\nHunsrik: Lewer\nLuxembourgish: Liewer\nVilamovian: łaower\nYiddish: לעבער (leber)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "lifr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: lifr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: lifr"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "lifur"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: lifur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: lifur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "livur"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: livur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: livur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "lever"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: lever",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: lever"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "lever"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: lever",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: lever"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "liver"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: liver",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: liver"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "lever"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: lever",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: lever"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-oda",
"2": "liuær"
},
"expansion": "Old Danish: liuær",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Danish: liuær"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "lever"
},
"expansion": "Danish: lever",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: lever"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-gut",
"2": "livar",
"3": "livår",
"4": "livur"
},
"expansion": "Gutnish: livar, livår, livur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gutnish: livar, livår, livur"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*leyp-",
"t": "to smudge, stick"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *leyp- (“to smudge, stick”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ley-",
"t": "to be slimy, be sticky, glide"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ley- (“to be slimy, be sticky, glide”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *leyp- (“to smudge, stick”), from Proto-Indo-European *ley- (“to be slimy, be sticky, glide”). Compare *lībą (“body; life”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ō-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "librō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "librôz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "librō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "librôz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "librǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "librōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "librōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "librǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "librōi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "librōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "librō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "librōmiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/librō",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"liver"
],
"id": "en-librō-gem-pro-noun-669IqXJX",
"links": [
[
"liver",
"liver"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "libarō"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈli.βrɔː/"
}
],
"word": "librō"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*libru"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *libru\nOld English: lifer\nMiddle English: lyvere, lyver, livere\nEnglish: liver\nScots: liver\nOld Frisian: livere\nSaterland Frisian: Líeuwer\nWest Frisian: lever\nOld Saxon: *livara, *levara (attested in Old Saxon leverinlappa)\nMiddle Low German: lēver\nGerman Low German: Lever\nPlautdietsch: Läwa\nOld Dutch: *levara\nMiddle Dutch: lēvere\nDutch: lever\nAfrikaans: lewer\nBerbice Creole Dutch: lefre\nNegerhollands: leber\n→ Aukan: lebii\n→ Indonesian: lever\n→ Saramaccan: lebèn\n→ Sranan Tongo: lefre\n→ Caribbean Javanese: léfer\nOld High German: lebara\nMiddle High German: leber\nGerman: Leber\nCentral Franconian: Levver, Läver, Leaver\nHunsrik: Lewer\nLuxembourgish: Liewer\nVilamovian: łaower\nYiddish: לעבער (leber)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *libru\nOld English: lifer\nMiddle English: lyvere, lyver, livere\nEnglish: liver\nScots: liver\nOld Frisian: livere\nSaterland Frisian: Líeuwer\nWest Frisian: lever\nOld Saxon: *livara, *levara (attested in Old Saxon leverinlappa)\nMiddle Low German: lēver\nGerman Low German: Lever\nPlautdietsch: Läwa\nOld Dutch: *levara\nMiddle Dutch: lēvere\nDutch: lever\nAfrikaans: lewer\nBerbice Creole Dutch: lefre\nNegerhollands: leber\n→ Aukan: lebii\n→ Indonesian: lever\n→ Saramaccan: lebèn\n→ Sranan Tongo: lefre\n→ Caribbean Javanese: léfer\nOld High German: lebara\nMiddle High German: leber\nGerman: Leber\nCentral Franconian: Levver, Läver, Leaver\nHunsrik: Lewer\nLuxembourgish: Liewer\nVilamovian: łaower\nYiddish: לעבער (leber)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "lifr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: lifr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: lifr"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "lifur"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: lifur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: lifur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "livur"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: livur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: livur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "lever"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: lever",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: lever"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "lever"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: lever",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: lever"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "liver"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: liver",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: liver"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "lever"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: lever",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: lever"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-oda",
"2": "liuær"
},
"expansion": "Old Danish: liuær",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Danish: liuær"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "lever"
},
"expansion": "Danish: lever",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: lever"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-gut",
"2": "livar",
"3": "livår",
"4": "livur"
},
"expansion": "Gutnish: livar, livår, livur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gutnish: livar, livår, livur"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*leyp-",
"t": "to smudge, stick"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *leyp- (“to smudge, stick”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ley-",
"t": "to be slimy, be sticky, glide"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ley- (“to be slimy, be sticky, glide”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *leyp- (“to smudge, stick”), from Proto-Indo-European *ley- (“to be slimy, be sticky, glide”). Compare *lībą (“body; life”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ō-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "librō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "librôz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "librō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "librôz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "librǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "librōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "librōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "librǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "librōi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "librōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "librō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "librōmiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/librō",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic ō-stem nouns",
"gem-pro:Body parts"
],
"glosses": [
"liver"
],
"links": [
[
"liver",
"liver"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈli.βrɔː/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "libarō"
}
],
"word": "librō"
}
Download raw JSONL data for librō meaning in Proto-Germanic (5.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-11-21 using wiktextract (65a6e81 and 0dbea76). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.