See liþuz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{ "derived": [ { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "word": "liþōną" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "word": "liþugaz" } ], "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gmw-pro", "2": "*liþu" }, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *liþu\nOld English: liþ\nMiddle English: lyth, lith, lythe, lithe, lyþ, liþ, liþe, liþthe, liyþe, litht, leth, lethe\nEnglish: lith\nScots: lith\nOld Frisian: lith, leth\nNorth Frisian: leth, lath, lass\nSaterland Frisian: Lid\nWest Frisian: lid\nOld Saxon: lith\nMiddle Low German: lit\n⇒ Middle Low German: gelit\nOld Dutch: *lith\nMiddle Dutch: lit, let\nDutch: lid\nAfrikaans: lid\n→ Indonesian: lid\nNegerhollands: lid, leden, leeden\nOld High German: lid\nMiddle High German: lit\nAlemannic German: Lid\nGerman: Lied\n⇒ Old High German: gilid\nMiddle High German: gelit, glit\nGerman: Glied\nLuxembourgish: Glidd", "name": "desctree" } ], "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *liþu\nOld English: liþ\nMiddle English: lyth, lith, lythe, lithe, lyþ, liþ, liþe, liþthe, liyþe, litht, leth, lethe\nEnglish: lith\nScots: lith\nOld Frisian: lith, leth\nNorth Frisian: leth, lath, lass\nSaterland Frisian: Lid\nWest Frisian: lid\nOld Saxon: lith\nMiddle Low German: lit\n⇒ Middle Low German: gelit\nOld Dutch: *lith\nMiddle Dutch: lit, let\nDutch: lid\nAfrikaans: lid\n→ Indonesian: lid\nNegerhollands: lid, leden, leeden\nOld High German: lid\nMiddle High German: lit\nAlemannic German: Lid\nGerman: Lied\n⇒ Old High German: gilid\nMiddle High German: gelit, glit\nGerman: Glied\nLuxembourgish: Glidd" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "non", "2": "liðr" }, "expansion": "Old Norse: liðr\nIcelandic: liður\nFaroese: liður\nNorwegian: lid\nOld Swedish: liþer\nSwedish: led\nDanish: led", "name": "desctree" } ], "text": "Old Norse: liðr\nIcelandic: liður\nFaroese: liður\nNorwegian: lid\nOld Swedish: liþer\nSwedish: led\nDanish: led" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "got", "2": "𐌻𐌹𐌸𐌿𐍃" }, "expansion": "Gothic: 𐌻𐌹𐌸𐌿𐍃 (liþus)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Gothic: 𐌻𐌹𐌸𐌿𐍃 (liþus)" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "smi-pro", "2": "*lëδës", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Proto-Samic: *lëδës", "name": "desc" }, { "args": {}, "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)", "name": "see desc" } ], "text": "→ Proto-Samic: *lëδës (see there for further descendants)" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gem-pro" }, "expansion": "Unknown", "name": "unk" }, { "args": { "1": "gem-pro", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*h₂el-" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂el-", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "la", "2": "lituus" }, "expansion": "Latin lituus", "name": "m+" }, { "args": { "1": "gem-pro", "2": "qfa-sub" }, "expansion": "substrate", "name": "der" } ], "etymology_text": "Unknown, no known cognates outside Germanic. Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *h₂el-, *leyH- (“to bend”). A relationship with Latin lituus is sometimes suggested, but is doubtful as it is likely a loanword from Etruscan. Given the variety of forms, which are difficult to reconcile as inherited, origin in a substrate language is possible.", "forms": [ { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "gem-decl-noun", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "u-stem", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "liþuz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "liþiwiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "liþu", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "singular", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "liþiwiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "plural", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "liþų", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "liþunz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "liþauz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "liþiwǫ̂", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "liþiwi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "liþumaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "liþū", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "singular" ] }, { "form": "liþumiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "plural" ] } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": {}, "name": "gem-decl-noun" } ], "lang": "Proto-Germanic", "lang_code": "gem-pro", "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/liþuz", "pos": "noun", "related": [ { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "word": "limuz" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "word": "liþaz" } ], "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "a bend" ], "id": "en-liþuz-gem-pro-noun-KGfNb9B5", "links": [ [ "bend", "bend" ] ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "*baugaz" }, { "word": "*buhtiz" } ], "tags": [ "masculine", "reconstruction" ] }, { "glosses": [ "a joint" ], "id": "en-liþuz-gem-pro-noun-GfoseNyc", "links": [ [ "joint", "joint" ] ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "*gawissiz" }, { "word": "*knukô" } ], "tags": [ "masculine", "reconstruction" ] }, { "categories": [ { "_dis": "11 11 78", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 1 entry", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "5 5 89", "kind": "other", "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "a body part, limb, member" ], "id": "en-liþuz-gem-pro-noun-UA25ni78", "links": [ [ "body part", "body part" ], [ "limb", "limb" ], [ "member", "member" ] ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "*limuz" } ], "tags": [ "masculine", "reconstruction" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈli.θuz/" } ], "word": "liþuz" }
{ "categories": [ "Pages with 1 entry", "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header", "Proto-Germanic lemmas", "Proto-Germanic masculine nouns", "Proto-Germanic nouns", "Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "Proto-Germanic terms derived from substrate languages", "Proto-Germanic terms with unknown etymologies", "Proto-Germanic u-stem nouns" ], "derived": [ { "word": "liþōną" }, { "word": "liþugaz" } ], "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gmw-pro", "2": "*liþu" }, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *liþu\nOld English: liþ\nMiddle English: lyth, lith, lythe, lithe, lyþ, liþ, liþe, liþthe, liyþe, litht, leth, lethe\nEnglish: lith\nScots: lith\nOld Frisian: lith, leth\nNorth Frisian: leth, lath, lass\nSaterland Frisian: Lid\nWest Frisian: lid\nOld Saxon: lith\nMiddle Low German: lit\n⇒ Middle Low German: gelit\nOld Dutch: *lith\nMiddle Dutch: lit, let\nDutch: lid\nAfrikaans: lid\n→ Indonesian: lid\nNegerhollands: lid, leden, leeden\nOld High German: lid\nMiddle High German: lit\nAlemannic German: Lid\nGerman: Lied\n⇒ Old High German: gilid\nMiddle High German: gelit, glit\nGerman: Glied\nLuxembourgish: Glidd", "name": "desctree" } ], "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *liþu\nOld English: liþ\nMiddle English: lyth, lith, lythe, lithe, lyþ, liþ, liþe, liþthe, liyþe, litht, leth, lethe\nEnglish: lith\nScots: lith\nOld Frisian: lith, leth\nNorth Frisian: leth, lath, lass\nSaterland Frisian: Lid\nWest Frisian: lid\nOld Saxon: lith\nMiddle Low German: lit\n⇒ Middle Low German: gelit\nOld Dutch: *lith\nMiddle Dutch: lit, let\nDutch: lid\nAfrikaans: lid\n→ Indonesian: lid\nNegerhollands: lid, leden, leeden\nOld High German: lid\nMiddle High German: lit\nAlemannic German: Lid\nGerman: Lied\n⇒ Old High German: gilid\nMiddle High German: gelit, glit\nGerman: Glied\nLuxembourgish: Glidd" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "non", "2": "liðr" }, "expansion": "Old Norse: liðr\nIcelandic: liður\nFaroese: liður\nNorwegian: lid\nOld Swedish: liþer\nSwedish: led\nDanish: led", "name": "desctree" } ], "text": "Old Norse: liðr\nIcelandic: liður\nFaroese: liður\nNorwegian: lid\nOld Swedish: liþer\nSwedish: led\nDanish: led" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "got", "2": "𐌻𐌹𐌸𐌿𐍃" }, "expansion": "Gothic: 𐌻𐌹𐌸𐌿𐍃 (liþus)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Gothic: 𐌻𐌹𐌸𐌿𐍃 (liþus)" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "smi-pro", "2": "*lëδës", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Proto-Samic: *lëδës", "name": "desc" }, { "args": {}, "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)", "name": "see desc" } ], "text": "→ Proto-Samic: *lëδës (see there for further descendants)" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gem-pro" }, "expansion": "Unknown", "name": "unk" }, { "args": { "1": "gem-pro", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*h₂el-" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂el-", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "la", "2": "lituus" }, "expansion": "Latin lituus", "name": "m+" }, { "args": { "1": "gem-pro", "2": "qfa-sub" }, "expansion": "substrate", "name": "der" } ], "etymology_text": "Unknown, no known cognates outside Germanic. Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *h₂el-, *leyH- (“to bend”). A relationship with Latin lituus is sometimes suggested, but is doubtful as it is likely a loanword from Etruscan. Given the variety of forms, which are difficult to reconcile as inherited, origin in a substrate language is possible.", "forms": [ { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "gem-decl-noun", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "u-stem", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "liþuz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "liþiwiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "liþu", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "singular", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "liþiwiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "plural", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "liþų", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "liþunz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "liþauz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "liþiwǫ̂", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "liþiwi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "liþumaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "liþū", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "singular" ] }, { "form": "liþumiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "plural" ] } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": {}, "name": "gem-decl-noun" } ], "lang": "Proto-Germanic", "lang_code": "gem-pro", "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/liþuz", "pos": "noun", "related": [ { "word": "limuz" }, { "word": "liþaz" } ], "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "a bend" ], "links": [ [ "bend", "bend" ] ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "*baugaz" }, { "word": "*buhtiz" } ], "tags": [ "masculine", "reconstruction" ] }, { "glosses": [ "a joint" ], "links": [ [ "joint", "joint" ] ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "*gawissiz" }, { "word": "*knukô" } ], "tags": [ "masculine", "reconstruction" ] }, { "categories": [ "gem-pro:Body parts" ], "glosses": [ "a body part, limb, member" ], "links": [ [ "body part", "body part" ], [ "limb", "limb" ], [ "member", "member" ] ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "*limuz" } ], "tags": [ "masculine", "reconstruction" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈli.θuz/" } ], "word": "liþuz" }
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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-09-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-08-20 using wiktextract (8e41825 and f99c758). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
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