See laistaz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "laistijaną"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*laist"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *laist\nOld English: lāst\nMiddle English: last\nEnglish: last\nScots: last\nOld Frisian: *lāst, *lēst\nSaterland Frisian: Läist\nWest Frisian: least\nOld Saxon: *lēst\nMiddle Low German: lêst, leist\nOld Dutch: *lēst\nMiddle Dutch: lêest\nDutch: leest\nAfrikaans: lees\nOld High German: leist\nMiddle High German: leist\nGerman: Leisten",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *laist\nOld English: lāst\nMiddle English: last\nEnglish: last\nScots: last\nOld Frisian: *lāst, *lēst\nSaterland Frisian: Läist\nWest Frisian: least\nOld Saxon: *lēst\nMiddle Low German: lêst, leist\nOld Dutch: *lēst\nMiddle Dutch: lêest\nDutch: leest\nAfrikaans: lees\nOld High German: leist\nMiddle High German: leist\nGerman: Leisten"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "leistr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: leistr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: leistr"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "leistur"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: leistur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: leistur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "leistur"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: leistur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: leistur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "leist"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: leist",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: leist"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "läst"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: läst",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: läst"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "læst"
},
"expansion": "Danish: læst",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: læst"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐍃"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐍃 (laists)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "i-stem"
},
"expansion": "(i-stem)",
"name": "qualifier"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐍃 (laists) (i-stem)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*leys-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*loystos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *loystos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "λοῖσθος",
"3": "",
"4": "left behind, last, utmost"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek λοῖσθος (loîsthos, “left behind, last, utmost”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *loystos, from the root *leys- (“to track, pursue; track, furrow, trace, trail”) (see there for cognates). Along with *laistiz, has been often compared to Ancient Greek λοῖσθος (loîsthos, “left behind, last, utmost”), but this etymology for the Greek word has no formal explanation.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "laistaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laistōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laistōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laist",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "laistōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "laistōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "laistą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laistanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laistas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laistis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laistǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laistai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laistamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laistō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laistamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/laistaz",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "laisiz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "laisō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "laistiz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "laizijaną"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "listiz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "lizaną"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"track, trace"
],
"id": "en-laistaz-gem-pro-noun-n5wgUsQI",
"links": [
[
"track",
"track"
],
[
"trace",
"trace"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 86",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 92",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 97",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"footprint"
],
"id": "en-laistaz-gem-pro-noun-S6je7QBQ",
"links": [
[
"footprint",
"footprint"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈlɑi̯s.tɑz/"
}
],
"word": "laistaz"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *leys-",
"Proto-Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "laistijaną"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*laist"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *laist\nOld English: lāst\nMiddle English: last\nEnglish: last\nScots: last\nOld Frisian: *lāst, *lēst\nSaterland Frisian: Läist\nWest Frisian: least\nOld Saxon: *lēst\nMiddle Low German: lêst, leist\nOld Dutch: *lēst\nMiddle Dutch: lêest\nDutch: leest\nAfrikaans: lees\nOld High German: leist\nMiddle High German: leist\nGerman: Leisten",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *laist\nOld English: lāst\nMiddle English: last\nEnglish: last\nScots: last\nOld Frisian: *lāst, *lēst\nSaterland Frisian: Läist\nWest Frisian: least\nOld Saxon: *lēst\nMiddle Low German: lêst, leist\nOld Dutch: *lēst\nMiddle Dutch: lêest\nDutch: leest\nAfrikaans: lees\nOld High German: leist\nMiddle High German: leist\nGerman: Leisten"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "leistr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: leistr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: leistr"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "leistur"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: leistur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: leistur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "leistur"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: leistur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: leistur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "leist"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: leist",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: leist"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "läst"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: läst",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: läst"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "læst"
},
"expansion": "Danish: læst",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: læst"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐍃"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐍃 (laists)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "i-stem"
},
"expansion": "(i-stem)",
"name": "qualifier"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐍃 (laists) (i-stem)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*leys-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*loystos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *loystos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "λοῖσθος",
"3": "",
"4": "left behind, last, utmost"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek λοῖσθος (loîsthos, “left behind, last, utmost”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *loystos, from the root *leys- (“to track, pursue; track, furrow, trace, trail”) (see there for cognates). Along with *laistiz, has been often compared to Ancient Greek λοῖσθος (loîsthos, “left behind, last, utmost”), but this etymology for the Greek word has no formal explanation.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "laistaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laistōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laistōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laist",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "laistōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "laistōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "laistą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laistanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laistas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laistis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laistǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laistai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laistamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laistō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laistamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/laistaz",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "laisiz"
},
{
"word": "laisō"
},
{
"word": "laistiz"
},
{
"word": "laizijaną"
},
{
"word": "listiz"
},
{
"word": "lizaną"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"track, trace"
],
"links": [
[
"track",
"track"
],
[
"trace",
"trace"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"footprint"
],
"links": [
[
"footprint",
"footprint"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈlɑi̯s.tɑz/"
}
],
"word": "laistaz"
}
Download raw JSONL data for laistaz meaning in Proto-Germanic (5.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-11-21 using wiktextract (65a6e81 and 0dbea76). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.