"kunją" meaning in Proto-Germanic

See kunją in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˈkun.jɑ̃/
Etymology: Nomininalized from Proto-Indo-European *ǵn̥h₁-yó-m (“begotten, birthed”), from *ǵenh₁- (“to beget, give birth”) + *-yóm. Etymology templates: {{root|gem-pro|ine-pro|*ǵenh₁-}}, {{inh|gem-pro|ine-pro||*ǵn̥h₁-yó-m|t=begotten, birthed}} Proto-Indo-European *ǵn̥h₁-yó-m (“begotten, birthed”), {{af|ine-pro|*ǵenh₁-|*-yós|alt2=*-yóm|nocat=1|t1=to beget, give birth}} *ǵenh₁- (“to beget, give birth”) + *-yóm Inflection templates: {{gem-decl-noun}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], kunją [nominative, singular], kunjō [nominative, plural], kunją [singular, vocative], kunjō [plural, vocative], kunją [accusative, singular], kunjō [accusative, plural], kunjas [genitive, singular], kunis [genitive, singular], kunjǫ̂ [genitive, plural], kunjai [dative, singular], kunjamaz [dative, plural], kunjō [instrumental, singular], kunjamiz [instrumental, plural]
  1. kin, family, clan Tags: neuter, reconstruction Derived forms: kuningaz, Kunjamunduz Related terms: kinþiz Related terms (*knōslą; Proto-West Germanic): knōsl
    Sense id: en-kunją-gem-pro-noun-cu5CCZnf Categories (other): Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header: 54 46
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Noun

IPA: /ˈkun.jɑ̃/
Etymology: Nomininalized from Proto-Indo-European *ǵn̥h₃-yó-m (“known”), from *ǵenh₃- (“to know”) + *-yóm. Etymology templates: {{root|gem-pro|ine-pro|*ǵneh₃-}}, {{inh|gem-pro|ine-pro||*ǵn̥h₃-yó-m|t=known}} Proto-Indo-European *ǵn̥h₃-yó-m (“known”), {{af|ine-pro|*ǵenh₃-|*-yós|alt2=*-yóm|nocat=1|t1=to know}} *ǵenh₃- (“to know”) + *-yóm Inflection templates: {{gem-decl-noun}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], kunją [nominative, singular], kunjō [nominative, plural], kunją [singular, vocative], kunjō [plural, vocative], kunją [accusative, singular], kunjō [accusative, plural], kunjas [genitive, singular], kunis [genitive, singular], kunjǫ̂ [genitive, plural], kunjai [dative, singular], kunjamaz [dative, plural], kunjō [instrumental, singular], kunjamiz [instrumental, plural]
  1. (North Germanic) omen, portent, miracle Tags: Germanic, North, neuter, reconstruction
    Sense id: en-kunją-gem-pro-noun-gem_pro:omen Categories (other): North Proto-Germanic, Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header: 54 46
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Download JSONL data for kunją meaning in Proto-Germanic (8.4kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*kuni"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *kuni\nOld English: cynn, cyn; kyn\nMiddle English: kin, kyn, ken, kun\nEnglish: kin\nScots: kin\nOld Frisian: ken, kenn, kin\nNorth Frisian: kinne, kenne\nOld Saxon: kunni, cunni\nMiddle Low German: künne\nOld Dutch: cunni\nMiddle Dutch: cunne, conne, kunne\nDutch: kunne\nOld High German: kunni, chunni\nMiddle High German: künne, konne, kunne\nGerman: Künne, Kunne",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *kuni\nOld English: cynn, cyn; kyn\nMiddle English: kin, kyn, ken, kun\nEnglish: kin\nScots: kin\nOld Frisian: ken, kenn, kin\nNorth Frisian: kinne, kenne\nOld Saxon: kunni, cunni\nMiddle Low German: künne\nOld Dutch: cunni\nMiddle Dutch: cunne, conne, kunne\nDutch: kunne\nOld High German: kunni, chunni\nMiddle High German: künne, konne, kunne\nGerman: Künne, Kunne"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "kyn"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: kyn\nIcelandic: kyn n\nFaroese: kyn n\nNorwegian Nynorsk: kyn n\nOld Swedish: kyn n\nSwedish: kön n\nDanish: køn n\nNorwegian Bokmål: kjønn n\n→ Norwegian Nynorsk: kjønn n",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: kyn\nIcelandic: kyn n\nFaroese: kyn n\nNorwegian Nynorsk: kyn n\nOld Swedish: kyn n\nSwedish: kön n\nDanish: køn n\nNorwegian Bokmål: kjønn n\n→ Norwegian Nynorsk: kjønn n"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "got",
            "2": "𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌹"
          },
          "expansion": "Gothic: 𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌹 (kuni)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Gothic: 𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌹 (kuni)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "urj-fin-pro",
            "2": "*kunnia",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Proto-Finnic: *kunnia",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Proto-Finnic: *kunnia"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fi",
            "2": "kunnia"
          },
          "expansion": "Finnish: kunnia",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Finnish: kunnia"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "izh",
            "2": "kunnia"
          },
          "expansion": "Ingrian: kunnia",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ingrian: kunnia"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ǵenh₁-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*ǵn̥h₁-yó-m",
        "t": "begotten, birthed"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵn̥h₁-yó-m (“begotten, birthed”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*ǵenh₁-",
        "3": "*-yós",
        "alt2": "*-yóm",
        "nocat": "1",
        "t1": "to beget, give birth"
      },
      "expansion": "*ǵenh₁- (“to beget, give birth”) + *-yóm",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Nomininalized from Proto-Indo-European *ǵn̥h₁-yó-m (“begotten, birthed”), from *ǵenh₁- (“to beget, give birth”) + *-yóm.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-noun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunją",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunjō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunją",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunjō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunją",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunjō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunjas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunis",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunjǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunjai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunjamaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunjō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunjamiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gem-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kunją",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "54 46",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "kuningaz"
        },
        {
          "word": "Kunjamunduz"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "kin, family, clan"
      ],
      "id": "en-kunją-gem-pro-noun-cu5CCZnf",
      "links": [
        [
          "kin",
          "kin"
        ],
        [
          "family",
          "family"
        ],
        [
          "clan",
          "clan"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "kinþiz"
        },
        {
          "sense": "*knōslą; Proto-West Germanic",
          "word": "knōsl"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkun.jɑ̃/"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Brill Publishers"
  ],
  "word": "kunją"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "kyn"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: kyn",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: kyn"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "is",
            "2": "kyn"
          },
          "expansion": "Icelandic: kyn",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Icelandic: kyn"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "urj-fin-pro",
            "2": "*konëh",
            "bor": "1",
            "t": "magic"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Proto-Finnic: *konëh (“magic”)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "Pre-Germanic borrowing"
          },
          "expansion": "(Pre-Germanic borrowing)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Proto-Finnic: *konëh (“magic”) (Pre-Germanic borrowing)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fi",
            "2": "kone",
            "t": "machine"
          },
          "expansion": "Finnish: kone (“machine”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Finnish: kone (“machine”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "krl",
            "2": "koneh"
          },
          "expansion": "Karelian: koneh",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Karelian: koneh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ǵneh₃-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*ǵn̥h₃-yó-m",
        "t": "known"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵn̥h₃-yó-m (“known”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*ǵenh₃-",
        "3": "*-yós",
        "alt2": "*-yóm",
        "nocat": "1",
        "t1": "to know"
      },
      "expansion": "*ǵenh₃- (“to know”) + *-yóm",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Nomininalized from Proto-Indo-European *ǵn̥h₃-yó-m (“known”), from *ǵenh₃- (“to know”) + *-yóm.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-noun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunją",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunjō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunją",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunjō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunją",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunjō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunjas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunis",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunjǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunjai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunjamaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunjō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunjamiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gem-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kunją",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "North Proto-Germanic",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "54 46",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "omen, portent, miracle"
      ],
      "head_nr": 1,
      "id": "en-kunją-gem-pro-noun-gem_pro:omen",
      "links": [
        [
          "omen",
          "omen"
        ],
        [
          "portent",
          "portent"
        ],
        [
          "miracle",
          "miracle"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(North Germanic) omen, portent, miracle"
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "gem-pro:omen"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Germanic",
        "North",
        "neuter",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkun.jɑ̃/"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Brill Publishers"
  ],
  "word": "kunją"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Germanic ja-stem nouns",
    "Proto-Germanic lemmas",
    "Proto-Germanic neuter nouns",
    "Proto-Germanic nouns",
    "Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵenh₁-",
    "Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵneh₃-",
    "Proto-Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Proto-Germanic terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "gem-pro:Religion"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "kuningaz"
    },
    {
      "word": "Kunjamunduz"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*kuni"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *kuni\nOld English: cynn, cyn; kyn\nMiddle English: kin, kyn, ken, kun\nEnglish: kin\nScots: kin\nOld Frisian: ken, kenn, kin\nNorth Frisian: kinne, kenne\nOld Saxon: kunni, cunni\nMiddle Low German: künne\nOld Dutch: cunni\nMiddle Dutch: cunne, conne, kunne\nDutch: kunne\nOld High German: kunni, chunni\nMiddle High German: künne, konne, kunne\nGerman: Künne, Kunne",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *kuni\nOld English: cynn, cyn; kyn\nMiddle English: kin, kyn, ken, kun\nEnglish: kin\nScots: kin\nOld Frisian: ken, kenn, kin\nNorth Frisian: kinne, kenne\nOld Saxon: kunni, cunni\nMiddle Low German: künne\nOld Dutch: cunni\nMiddle Dutch: cunne, conne, kunne\nDutch: kunne\nOld High German: kunni, chunni\nMiddle High German: künne, konne, kunne\nGerman: Künne, Kunne"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "kyn"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: kyn\nIcelandic: kyn n\nFaroese: kyn n\nNorwegian Nynorsk: kyn n\nOld Swedish: kyn n\nSwedish: kön n\nDanish: køn n\nNorwegian Bokmål: kjønn n\n→ Norwegian Nynorsk: kjønn n",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: kyn\nIcelandic: kyn n\nFaroese: kyn n\nNorwegian Nynorsk: kyn n\nOld Swedish: kyn n\nSwedish: kön n\nDanish: køn n\nNorwegian Bokmål: kjønn n\n→ Norwegian Nynorsk: kjønn n"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "got",
            "2": "𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌹"
          },
          "expansion": "Gothic: 𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌹 (kuni)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Gothic: 𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌹 (kuni)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "urj-fin-pro",
            "2": "*kunnia",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Proto-Finnic: *kunnia",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Proto-Finnic: *kunnia"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fi",
            "2": "kunnia"
          },
          "expansion": "Finnish: kunnia",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Finnish: kunnia"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "izh",
            "2": "kunnia"
          },
          "expansion": "Ingrian: kunnia",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ingrian: kunnia"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ǵenh₁-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*ǵn̥h₁-yó-m",
        "t": "begotten, birthed"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵn̥h₁-yó-m (“begotten, birthed”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*ǵenh₁-",
        "3": "*-yós",
        "alt2": "*-yóm",
        "nocat": "1",
        "t1": "to beget, give birth"
      },
      "expansion": "*ǵenh₁- (“to beget, give birth”) + *-yóm",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Nomininalized from Proto-Indo-European *ǵn̥h₁-yó-m (“begotten, birthed”), from *ǵenh₁- (“to beget, give birth”) + *-yóm.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-noun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunją",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunjō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunją",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunjō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunją",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunjō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunjas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunis",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunjǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunjai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunjamaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunjō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunjamiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gem-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kunją",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "kinþiz"
    },
    {
      "sense": "*knōslą; Proto-West Germanic",
      "word": "knōsl"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "gem-pro:Family"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "kin, family, clan"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "kin",
          "kin"
        ],
        [
          "family",
          "family"
        ],
        [
          "clan",
          "clan"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkun.jɑ̃/"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Brill Publishers"
  ],
  "word": "kunją"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Germanic ja-stem nouns",
    "Proto-Germanic lemmas",
    "Proto-Germanic neuter nouns",
    "Proto-Germanic nouns",
    "Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵneh₃-",
    "Proto-Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Proto-Germanic terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "gem-pro:Religion"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "kyn"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: kyn",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: kyn"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "is",
            "2": "kyn"
          },
          "expansion": "Icelandic: kyn",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Icelandic: kyn"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "urj-fin-pro",
            "2": "*konëh",
            "bor": "1",
            "t": "magic"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Proto-Finnic: *konëh (“magic”)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "Pre-Germanic borrowing"
          },
          "expansion": "(Pre-Germanic borrowing)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Proto-Finnic: *konëh (“magic”) (Pre-Germanic borrowing)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fi",
            "2": "kone",
            "t": "machine"
          },
          "expansion": "Finnish: kone (“machine”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Finnish: kone (“machine”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "krl",
            "2": "koneh"
          },
          "expansion": "Karelian: koneh",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Karelian: koneh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ǵneh₃-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*ǵn̥h₃-yó-m",
        "t": "known"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵn̥h₃-yó-m (“known”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*ǵenh₃-",
        "3": "*-yós",
        "alt2": "*-yóm",
        "nocat": "1",
        "t1": "to know"
      },
      "expansion": "*ǵenh₃- (“to know”) + *-yóm",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Nomininalized from Proto-Indo-European *ǵn̥h₃-yó-m (“known”), from *ǵenh₃- (“to know”) + *-yóm.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-noun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunją",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunjō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunją",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunjō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunją",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunjō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunjas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunis",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunjǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunjai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunjamaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunjō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunjamiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gem-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kunją",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "North Proto-Germanic"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "omen, portent, miracle"
      ],
      "head_nr": 1,
      "links": [
        [
          "omen",
          "omen"
        ],
        [
          "portent",
          "portent"
        ],
        [
          "miracle",
          "miracle"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(North Germanic) omen, portent, miracle"
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "gem-pro:omen"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Germanic",
        "North",
        "neuter",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkun.jɑ̃/"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Brill Publishers"
  ],
  "word": "kunją"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-27 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-20 using wiktextract (0f7b3ac and b863ecc). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.