"-ttadak" meaning in Proto-Finnic

See -ttadak in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Suffix

Etymology: From Proto-Finno-Ugric *-kta- and Proto-Uralic *-pta-. Compare -вто- (-vto-) in Erzya куловтомс (kulovtoms, “to kill”) (the causative verb from куломс (kuloms, “to die”)). Etymology templates: {{inh|urj-fin-pro|fiu-pro|*-kta-}} Proto-Finno-Ugric *-kta-, {{inh|urj-fin-pro|urj-pro|*-pta-}} Proto-Uralic *-pta-, {{m|myv|-вто-}} -вто- (-vto-), {{cog|myv|куловтомс||to kill}} Erzya куловтомс (kulovtoms, “to kill”), {{m|myv|куломс||to die}} куломс (kuloms, “to die”) Head templates: {{head|urj-fin-pro|suffix|stem|*-tta- / *-ttä-|cat2=verb-forming suffixes|head=*-ttadak / *-ttädäk}} *-ttadak / *-ttädäk (stem *-tta- / *-ttä-) Inflection templates: {{urj-fin-conj|-tta}} Forms: -ttadak / *-ttädäk [canonical], -tta- / *-ttä- [stem], no-table-tags [table-tags], -t'an [first-person, present, singular], -t'oin [first-person, past, singular], - [first-person, imperative, singular], -ttagon [first-person, optative, singular], -t'at [present, second-person, singular], -t'oit [past, second-person, singular], -t'ak [imperative, second-person, singular], -ttagos [optative, second-person, singular], -ttapi [present, singular, third-person], -tta [present, singular, third-person], -ttoi [past, singular, third-person], -ttakahën [imperative, singular, third-person], -ttakohën [optative, singular, third-person], -t'akmëk [first-person, plural, present], -t'akmak [first-person, plural, present], -ttoimëk [first-person, past, plural], -ttoimak [first-person, past, plural], -ttakadëmëk [first-person, imperative, plural], -ttakadamak [first-person, imperative, plural], -ttakodëmëk [first-person, optative, plural], -ttakodamak [first-person, optative, plural], -t'aktëk [plural, present, second-person], -t'aktak [plural, present, second-person], -ttoidëk [past, plural, second-person], -ttoidak [past, plural, second-person], -ttakadë [imperative, plural, second-person], -ttakada [imperative, plural, second-person], -ttagot'ëk [optative, plural, second-person], -ttakodadak [optative, plural, second-person], -ttabat [plural, present, third-person], -tta [plural, present, third-person], -ttoi [past, plural, third-person], -ttakahën [imperative, plural, third-person], -ttakohën [optative, plural, third-person], -t'aksën [passive, present], -t'at'aksën [passive, present], -ttatihën [passive, past], -t'attihën [passive, past], -ttatagasën [imperative, passive], -t'attagasën [imperative, passive], -ttatagosën [optative, passive], -t'attagosën [optative, passive], -t'ak [connegative, present], - [connegative, past], -ttagak [connegative, imperative], -ttagok [connegative, optative], -t'aktak [connegative, passive, present], - [connegative, passive, past], -ttatagak [connegative, imperative, passive], -t'attagak [connegative, imperative, passive], -ttatagok [connegative, optative, passive], -t'attagok [connegative, optative, passive], -t'akcin [conditional, conditional-i, first-person, singular], -ttoicin [conditional, conditional-ii, first-person, singular], -ttanën [first-person, potential, singular], -t'akcit [conditional, conditional-i, second-person, singular], -ttoicit [conditional, conditional-ii, second-person, singular], -ttanët [potential, second-person, singular], -t'akci [conditional, conditional-i, singular, third-person], -ttoici [conditional, conditional-ii, singular, third-person], -ttani [potential, singular, third-person], -t'akcimëk [conditional, conditional-i, first-person, plural], -t'akcimak [conditional, conditional-i, first-person, plural], -ttoicimëk [conditional, conditional-ii, first-person, plural], -ttoicimak [conditional, conditional-ii, first-person, plural], -ttanëmëk [first-person, plural, potential], -ttanëmak [first-person, plural, potential], -t'akcidëk [conditional, conditional-i, plural, second-person], -t'akcidak [conditional, conditional-i, plural, second-person], -ttoicidëk [conditional, conditional-ii, plural, second-person], -ttoicidak [conditional, conditional-ii, plural, second-person], -ttanëdëk [plural, potential, second-person], -ttanëdak [plural, potential, second-person], -t'akci [conditional, conditional-i, plural, third-person], -ttoici [conditional, conditional-ii, plural, third-person], -ttani [plural, potential, third-person], -ttadakcisën [conditional, conditional-i, passive], -t'at'akcisën [conditional, conditional-i, passive], -ttaticisën [conditional, conditional-ii, passive], -t'atticisën [conditional, conditional-ii, passive], -ttatanësën [passive, potential], -t'attanësën [passive, potential], -t'akcik [conditional, conditional-i, connegative], -ttoicik [conditional, conditional-ii, connegative], -ttanëk [connegative, potential], -ttadakcik [conditional, conditional-i, connegative, passive], -t'at'akcik [conditional, conditional-i, connegative, passive], -ttaticik [conditional, conditional-ii, connegative, passive], -t'atticik [conditional, conditional-ii, connegative, passive], -ttatanëk [connegative, passive, potential], -t'attanëk [connegative, passive, potential], -ttadak [conditional, conditional-i, infinitive, infinitive-i], -ttapa [active, participle, present], -ttataba [participle, passive, present], -t'attaba [participle, passive, present], -ttatë- [conditional, conditional-i, infinitive, infinitive-ii], -ttanut [active, participle, past], -ttatu [participle, passive, past], -t'attu [participle, passive, past], -ttama [conditional, conditional-i, gerund, supine], -ttaminen [conditional, conditional-i, noun-from-verb]
  1. Creates causative verbs from regular verbs, meaning "to cause to (verb)". Tags: morpheme, reconstruction
    Sense id: en--ttadak-urj-fin-pro-suffix-2gRQc9eY Categories (other): Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header, Proto-Finnic verbs by type/a-oi

Download JSON data for -ttadak meaning in Proto-Finnic (13.0kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fi",
            "2": "-ttaa"
          },
          "expansion": "Finnish: -ttaa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Finnish: -ttaa"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "izh",
            "2": "-ttaa"
          },
          "expansion": "Ingrian: -ttaa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ingrian: -ttaa"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "krl",
            "2": "-ttoa"
          },
          "expansion": "Karelian: -ttoa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Karelian: -ttoa"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vot",
            "2": "-tta"
          },
          "expansion": "Votic: -tta",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Votic: -tta"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "et",
            "2": "-tama"
          },
          "expansion": "Estonian: -tama",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "et",
            "2": "-tada"
          },
          "expansion": "-tada",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Estonian: -tama/-tada"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "liv",
            "2": "-tõ"
          },
          "expansion": "Livonian: -tõ",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Livonian: -tõ"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vep",
            "2": "-tada"
          },
          "expansion": "Veps: -tada",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Veps: -tada"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vro",
            "2": "-tama"
          },
          "expansion": "Võro: -tama",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vro",
            "2": "-taq"
          },
          "expansion": "-taq",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Võro: -tama/-taq"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "urj-fin-pro",
        "2": "fiu-pro",
        "3": "*-kta-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Finno-Ugric *-kta-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "urj-fin-pro",
        "2": "urj-pro",
        "3": "*-pta-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-pta-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "myv",
        "2": "-вто-"
      },
      "expansion": "-вто- (-vto-)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "myv",
        "2": "куловтомс",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to kill"
      },
      "expansion": "Erzya куловтомс (kulovtoms, “to kill”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "myv",
        "2": "куломс",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to die"
      },
      "expansion": "куломс (kuloms, “to die”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Finno-Ugric *-kta- and Proto-Uralic *-pta-. Compare -вто- (-vto-) in Erzya куловтомс (kulovtoms, “to kill”) (the causative verb from куломс (kuloms, “to die”)).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-ttadak / *-ttädäk",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-tta- / *-ttä-",
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "urj-fin-conj",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'an",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'oin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttagon",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "optative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'at",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'oit",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'ak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttagos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "optative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttapi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-tta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttoi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttakahën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttakohën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "optative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'akmëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'akmak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttoimëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttoimak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttakadëmëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttakadamak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttakodëmëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "optative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttakodamak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "optative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'aktëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'aktak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttoidëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttoidak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttakadë",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttakada",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttagot'ëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "optative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttakodadak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "optative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttabat",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-tta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttoi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttakahën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttakohën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "optative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'aksën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'at'aksën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttatihën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'attihën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttatagasën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'attagasën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttatagosën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "optative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'attagosën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "optative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'ak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "connegative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "connegative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttagak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "connegative",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttagok",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "connegative",
        "optative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'aktak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "connegative",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "connegative",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttatagak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "connegative",
        "imperative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'attagak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "connegative",
        "imperative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttatagok",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "connegative",
        "optative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'attagok",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "connegative",
        "optative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'akcin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttoicin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-ii",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttanën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "potential",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'akcit",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttoicit",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-ii",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttanët",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "potential",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'akci",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttoici",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-ii",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttani",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "potential",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'akcimëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'akcimak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttoicimëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-ii",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttoicimak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-ii",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttanëmëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttanëmak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'akcidëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'akcidak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttoicidëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-ii",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttoicidak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-ii",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttanëdëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "potential",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttanëdak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "potential",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'akci",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttoici",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-ii",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttani",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "potential",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttadakcisën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'at'akcisën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttaticisën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-ii",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'atticisën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-ii",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttatanësën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'attanësën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'akcik",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "connegative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttoicik",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-ii",
        "connegative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttanëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "connegative",
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttadakcik",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "connegative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'at'akcik",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "connegative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttaticik",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-ii",
        "connegative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'atticik",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-ii",
        "connegative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttatanëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "connegative",
        "passive",
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'attanëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "connegative",
        "passive",
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttadak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "infinitive",
        "infinitive-i"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttapa",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttataba",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'attaba",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttatë-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "infinitive",
        "infinitive-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttanut",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttatu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'attu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttama",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "gerund",
        "supine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttaminen",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "urj-fin-pro",
        "2": "suffix",
        "3": "stem",
        "4": "*-tta- / *-ttä-",
        "cat2": "verb-forming suffixes",
        "head": "*-ttadak / *-ttädäk"
      },
      "expansion": "*-ttadak / *-ttädäk (stem *-tta- / *-ttä-)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-tta"
      },
      "name": "urj-fin-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Finnic",
  "lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/-ttadak",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Finnic verbs by type/a-oi",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Creates causative verbs from regular verbs, meaning \"to cause to (verb)\"."
      ],
      "id": "en--ttadak-urj-fin-pro-suffix-2gRQc9eY",
      "links": [
        [
          "causative",
          "causative#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ttadak"
}
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fi",
            "2": "-ttaa"
          },
          "expansion": "Finnish: -ttaa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Finnish: -ttaa"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "izh",
            "2": "-ttaa"
          },
          "expansion": "Ingrian: -ttaa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ingrian: -ttaa"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "krl",
            "2": "-ttoa"
          },
          "expansion": "Karelian: -ttoa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Karelian: -ttoa"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vot",
            "2": "-tta"
          },
          "expansion": "Votic: -tta",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Votic: -tta"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "et",
            "2": "-tama"
          },
          "expansion": "Estonian: -tama",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "et",
            "2": "-tada"
          },
          "expansion": "-tada",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Estonian: -tama/-tada"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "liv",
            "2": "-tõ"
          },
          "expansion": "Livonian: -tõ",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Livonian: -tõ"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vep",
            "2": "-tada"
          },
          "expansion": "Veps: -tada",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Veps: -tada"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vro",
            "2": "-tama"
          },
          "expansion": "Võro: -tama",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vro",
            "2": "-taq"
          },
          "expansion": "-taq",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Võro: -tama/-taq"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "urj-fin-pro",
        "2": "fiu-pro",
        "3": "*-kta-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Finno-Ugric *-kta-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "urj-fin-pro",
        "2": "urj-pro",
        "3": "*-pta-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-pta-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "myv",
        "2": "-вто-"
      },
      "expansion": "-вто- (-vto-)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "myv",
        "2": "куловтомс",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to kill"
      },
      "expansion": "Erzya куловтомс (kulovtoms, “to kill”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "myv",
        "2": "куломс",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to die"
      },
      "expansion": "куломс (kuloms, “to die”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Finno-Ugric *-kta- and Proto-Uralic *-pta-. Compare -вто- (-vto-) in Erzya куловтомс (kulovtoms, “to kill”) (the causative verb from куломс (kuloms, “to die”)).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-ttadak / *-ttädäk",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-tta- / *-ttä-",
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "urj-fin-conj",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'an",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'oin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttagon",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "optative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'at",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'oit",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'ak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttagos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "optative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttapi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-tta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttoi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttakahën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttakohën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "optative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'akmëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'akmak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttoimëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttoimak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttakadëmëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttakadamak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttakodëmëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "optative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttakodamak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "optative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'aktëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'aktak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttoidëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttoidak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttakadë",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttakada",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttagot'ëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "optative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttakodadak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "optative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttabat",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-tta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttoi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttakahën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttakohën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "optative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'aksën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'at'aksën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttatihën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'attihën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttatagasën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'attagasën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttatagosën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "optative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'attagosën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "optative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'ak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "connegative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "connegative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttagak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "connegative",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttagok",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "connegative",
        "optative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'aktak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "connegative",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "connegative",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttatagak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "connegative",
        "imperative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'attagak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "connegative",
        "imperative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttatagok",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "connegative",
        "optative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'attagok",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "connegative",
        "optative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'akcin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttoicin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-ii",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttanën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "potential",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'akcit",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttoicit",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-ii",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttanët",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "potential",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'akci",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttoici",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-ii",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttani",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "potential",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'akcimëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'akcimak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttoicimëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-ii",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttoicimak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-ii",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttanëmëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttanëmak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'akcidëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'akcidak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttoicidëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-ii",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttoicidak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-ii",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttanëdëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "potential",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttanëdak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "potential",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'akci",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttoici",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-ii",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttani",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "potential",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttadakcisën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'at'akcisën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttaticisën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-ii",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'atticisën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-ii",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttatanësën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'attanësën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'akcik",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "connegative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttoicik",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-ii",
        "connegative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttanëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "connegative",
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttadakcik",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "connegative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'at'akcik",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "connegative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttaticik",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-ii",
        "connegative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'atticik",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-ii",
        "connegative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttatanëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "connegative",
        "passive",
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'attanëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "connegative",
        "passive",
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttadak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "infinitive",
        "infinitive-i"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttapa",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttataba",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'attaba",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttatë-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "infinitive",
        "infinitive-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttanut",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttatu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-t'attu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttama",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "gerund",
        "supine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ttaminen",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "urj-fin-pro",
        "2": "suffix",
        "3": "stem",
        "4": "*-tta- / *-ttä-",
        "cat2": "verb-forming suffixes",
        "head": "*-ttadak / *-ttädäk"
      },
      "expansion": "*-ttadak / *-ttädäk (stem *-tta- / *-ttä-)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-tta"
      },
      "name": "urj-fin-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Finnic",
  "lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/-ttadak",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Finnic lemmas",
        "Proto-Finnic suffixes",
        "Proto-Finnic terms derived from Proto-Finno-Ugric",
        "Proto-Finnic terms derived from Proto-Uralic",
        "Proto-Finnic terms inherited from Proto-Finno-Ugric",
        "Proto-Finnic terms inherited from Proto-Uralic",
        "Proto-Finnic verb-forming suffixes",
        "Proto-Finnic verbs by type/a-oi"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Creates causative verbs from regular verbs, meaning \"to cause to (verb)\"."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "causative",
          "causative#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ttadak"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Finnic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e268c0e and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.