See stosować in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for stosować meaning in Polish (18.4kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "stosowany"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "stosowny"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "dostosować"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "dostosowywać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "przystosować"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "przystosowywać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "wystosować"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "wystosowywać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zastosować"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zastosowywać"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "goh",
"4": "gmw-pro",
"5": "gem-pro",
"6": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "stosować",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish stosować",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "stosować"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish stosować",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "stoßen"
},
"expansion": "German stoßen",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish stosować. Compare German stoßen.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "zastosować",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfective",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-conj-ai-uję",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "stosować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "stosuję",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stosujemy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "stosujesz",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stosujecie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "stosuje",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stosują",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stosuje się",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowałem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m stosował",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowałam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m stosowała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowałom",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m stosowało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowaliśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)śmy stosowali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowałyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)śmy stosowały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowałeś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś stosował",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowałaś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś stosowała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowałoś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś stosowało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowaliście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ście stosowali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowałyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ście stosowały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stosował",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowano",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "będę stosował",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę stosować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę stosowała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę stosować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę stosowało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę stosować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy stosowali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy stosować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy stosowały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy stosować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz stosował",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz stosować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz stosowała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz stosować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz stosowało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz stosować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie stosowali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie stosować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie stosowały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie stosować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie stosował",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie stosować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie stosowała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie stosować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie stosowało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie stosować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będą stosowali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będą stosować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będą stosowały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będą stosować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie stosować się",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowałbym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym stosował",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowałabym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym stosowała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowałobym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym stosowało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowalibyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "byśmy stosowali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowałybyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byśmy stosowały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowałbyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś stosował",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowałabyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś stosowała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowałobyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś stosowało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowalibyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "byście stosowali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowałybyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byście stosowały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowałby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by stosował",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowałaby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by stosowała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowałoby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by stosowało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowaliby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "by stosowali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowałyby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by stosowały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowano by",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "niech stosuję",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stosujmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stosuj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stosujcie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "niech stosuje",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "niech stosują",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stosujący",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"masculine",
"participle",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stosująca",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"feminine",
"participle",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stosujące",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"neuter",
"participle",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stosujący",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"participle",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "stosujące",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"nonvirile",
"participle",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowany",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"feminine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowane",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"neuter",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowani",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowane",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"nonvirile",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stosując",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"contemporary",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowanie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "impf",
"pf": "zastosować"
},
"expansion": "stosować impf (perfective zastosować)",
"name": "pl-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"sto‧so‧wać"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stos",
"2": "pp"
},
"name": "pl-conj-ai-uję"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stosować",
"2": "stosuję",
"3": "stosuje",
"4": "stosują",
"5": "stosowa",
"6": "stosowa",
"7": "stosowa",
"8": "stosuj",
"ip": "stosowano",
"pp": "stosowan",
"pp2": "stosowani",
"vn": "stosowanie"
},
"name": "pl-conj-ai"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "stosunek"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to use, to apply, to employ [+ w (locative) = at what] [+ do (genitive) = for what]",
"to use, to apply, to employ [+ w (locative) = at what]"
],
"id": "en-stosować-pl-verb-6j~SNsXT",
"links": [
[
"use",
"use"
],
[
"apply",
"apply"
],
[
"employ",
"employ"
],
[
"w",
"w#Polish"
],
[
"do",
"do#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to use, to apply, to employ [+ w (locative) = at what] [+ do (genitive) = for what]"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "używać"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to make suitable; to prepare, to adjust"
],
"id": "en-stosować-pl-verb-Ia0wTY26",
"links": [
[
"make",
"make"
],
[
"suitable",
"suitable"
],
[
"prepare",
"prepare"
],
[
"adjust",
"adjust"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) to make suitable; to prepare, to adjust"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "dostosowywać"
},
{
"word": "przystosowywać"
},
{
"word": "zastosowywać"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to send, to direct, to address; to relate"
],
"id": "en-stosować-pl-verb-3~kS9jZ9",
"links": [
[
"send",
"send"
],
[
"direct",
"direct"
],
[
"address",
"address"
],
[
"relate",
"relate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) to send, to direct, to address; to relate"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "adresować"
},
{
"word": "kierować"
},
{
"word": "odnosić"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to stack, to pile, to heap"
],
"id": "en-stosować-pl-verb-YoUGK5tx",
"links": [
[
"stack",
"stack"
],
[
"pile",
"pile"
],
[
"heap",
"heap"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) to stack, to pile, to heap"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 12 5 3 25 4 17 3 5 14 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to place closer to something"
],
"id": "en-stosować-pl-verb-FBwZ0je9",
"links": [
[
"place",
"place"
],
[
"close",
"close"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) to place closer to something"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "przykładać"
},
{
"word": "przysuwać"
},
{
"word": "przystawiać"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to place together; to compare"
],
"id": "en-stosować-pl-verb-nddyj8gj",
"links": [
[
"place",
"place"
],
[
"together",
"together"
],
[
"compare",
"compare"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) to place together; to compare"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to fill out; to patch"
],
"id": "en-stosować-pl-verb-2oIQVXlv",
"links": [
[
"fill out",
"fill out"
],
[
"patch",
"patch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) to fill out; to patch"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "łatać"
},
{
"word": "wypełniać"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to abide by [+ do (genitive) = by what]",
"to abide by"
],
"id": "en-stosować-pl-verb-8gmnV3jB",
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"abide by",
"abide by"
],
[
"do",
"do#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się) to abide by [+ do (genitive) = by what]"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pilnować"
},
{
"word": "przestrzegać"
},
{
"word": "respektować"
},
{
"word": "trzymać"
},
{
"word": "zastosowywać"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to concern, to refer to [+ do (genitive) = to whom/what]",
"to concern, to refer to"
],
"id": "en-stosować-pl-verb-J1-xnAag",
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"concern",
"concern"
],
[
"refer",
"refer"
],
[
"do",
"do#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się) to concern, to refer to [+ do (genitive) = to whom/what]"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "dotyczyć"
},
{
"word": "obejmować"
},
{
"word": "odnosić"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to be suitable"
],
"id": "en-stosować-pl-verb-KISdAWqr",
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"suitable",
"suitable"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się, obsolete) to be suitable"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "nadawać"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"obsolete",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to be used, to be applied, to be employed"
],
"id": "en-stosować-pl-verb-sKGVc3mV",
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"use",
"use"
],
[
"applied",
"apply"
],
[
"employ",
"employ"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się, obsolete) to be used, to be applied, to be employed"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"obsolete",
"reflexive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/stɔˈsɔ.vat͡ɕ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/stɔˈsɔ.vat͡ɕ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔvat͡ɕ"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"pl:Ida Kurcz"
],
"word": "stosować"
}
{
"categories": [
"Polish 3-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish imperfective verbs",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish terms derived from Middle High German",
"Polish terms derived from Old High German",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio links",
"Polish verbs",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɔvat͡ɕ",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɔvat͡ɕ/3 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "stosowany"
},
{
"word": "stosowny"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "dostosować"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "dostosowywać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "przystosować"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "przystosowywać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "wystosować"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "wystosowywać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zastosować"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zastosowywać"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "goh",
"4": "gmw-pro",
"5": "gem-pro",
"6": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "stosować",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish stosować",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "stosować"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish stosować",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "stoßen"
},
"expansion": "German stoßen",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish stosować. Compare German stoßen.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "zastosować",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfective",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-conj-ai-uję",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "stosować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "stosuję",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stosujemy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "stosujesz",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stosujecie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "stosuje",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stosują",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stosuje się",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowałem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m stosował",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowałam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m stosowała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowałom",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m stosowało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowaliśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)śmy stosowali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowałyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)śmy stosowały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowałeś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś stosował",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowałaś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś stosowała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowałoś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś stosowało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowaliście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ście stosowali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowałyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ście stosowały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stosował",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowano",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "będę stosował",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę stosować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę stosowała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę stosować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę stosowało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę stosować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy stosowali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy stosować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy stosowały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy stosować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz stosował",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz stosować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz stosowała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz stosować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz stosowało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz stosować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie stosowali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie stosować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie stosowały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie stosować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie stosował",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie stosować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie stosowała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie stosować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie stosowało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie stosować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będą stosowali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będą stosować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będą stosowały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będą stosować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie stosować się",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowałbym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym stosował",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowałabym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym stosowała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowałobym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym stosowało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowalibyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "byśmy stosowali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowałybyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byśmy stosowały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowałbyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś stosował",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowałabyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś stosowała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowałobyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś stosowało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowalibyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "byście stosowali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowałybyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byście stosowały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowałby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by stosował",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowałaby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by stosowała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowałoby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by stosowało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowaliby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "by stosowali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowałyby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by stosowały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowano by",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "niech stosuję",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stosujmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stosuj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stosujcie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "niech stosuje",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "niech stosują",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stosujący",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"masculine",
"participle",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stosująca",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"feminine",
"participle",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stosujące",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"neuter",
"participle",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stosujący",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"participle",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "stosujące",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"nonvirile",
"participle",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowany",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"feminine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowane",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"neuter",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowani",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowane",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"nonvirile",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stosując",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"contemporary",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "stosowanie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "impf",
"pf": "zastosować"
},
"expansion": "stosować impf (perfective zastosować)",
"name": "pl-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"sto‧so‧wać"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stos",
"2": "pp"
},
"name": "pl-conj-ai-uję"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stosować",
"2": "stosuję",
"3": "stosuje",
"4": "stosują",
"5": "stosowa",
"6": "stosowa",
"7": "stosowa",
"8": "stosuj",
"ip": "stosowano",
"pp": "stosowan",
"pp2": "stosowani",
"vn": "stosowanie"
},
"name": "pl-conj-ai"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "stosunek"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to use, to apply, to employ [+ w (locative) = at what] [+ do (genitive) = for what]",
"to use, to apply, to employ [+ w (locative) = at what]"
],
"links": [
[
"use",
"use"
],
[
"apply",
"apply"
],
[
"employ",
"employ"
],
[
"w",
"w#Polish"
],
[
"do",
"do#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to use, to apply, to employ [+ w (locative) = at what] [+ do (genitive) = for what]"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "używać"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with obsolete senses",
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to make suitable; to prepare, to adjust"
],
"links": [
[
"make",
"make"
],
[
"suitable",
"suitable"
],
[
"prepare",
"prepare"
],
[
"adjust",
"adjust"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) to make suitable; to prepare, to adjust"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "dostosowywać"
},
{
"word": "przystosowywać"
},
{
"word": "zastosowywać"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with obsolete senses",
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to send, to direct, to address; to relate"
],
"links": [
[
"send",
"send"
],
[
"direct",
"direct"
],
[
"address",
"address"
],
[
"relate",
"relate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) to send, to direct, to address; to relate"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "adresować"
},
{
"word": "kierować"
},
{
"word": "odnosić"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with obsolete senses",
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to stack, to pile, to heap"
],
"links": [
[
"stack",
"stack"
],
[
"pile",
"pile"
],
[
"heap",
"heap"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) to stack, to pile, to heap"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with obsolete senses",
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to place closer to something"
],
"links": [
[
"place",
"place"
],
[
"close",
"close"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) to place closer to something"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "przykładać"
},
{
"word": "przysuwać"
},
{
"word": "przystawiać"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with obsolete senses",
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to place together; to compare"
],
"links": [
[
"place",
"place"
],
[
"together",
"together"
],
[
"compare",
"compare"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) to place together; to compare"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with obsolete senses",
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to fill out; to patch"
],
"links": [
[
"fill out",
"fill out"
],
[
"patch",
"patch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) to fill out; to patch"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "łatać"
},
{
"word": "wypełniać"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish reflexive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to abide by [+ do (genitive) = by what]",
"to abide by"
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"abide by",
"abide by"
],
[
"do",
"do#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się) to abide by [+ do (genitive) = by what]"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pilnować"
},
{
"word": "przestrzegać"
},
{
"word": "respektować"
},
{
"word": "trzymać"
},
{
"word": "zastosowywać"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish reflexive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to concern, to refer to [+ do (genitive) = to whom/what]",
"to concern, to refer to"
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"concern",
"concern"
],
[
"refer",
"refer"
],
[
"do",
"do#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się) to concern, to refer to [+ do (genitive) = to whom/what]"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "dotyczyć"
},
{
"word": "obejmować"
},
{
"word": "odnosić"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish reflexive verbs",
"Polish terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"to be suitable"
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"suitable",
"suitable"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się, obsolete) to be suitable"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "nadawać"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"obsolete",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish reflexive verbs",
"Polish terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"to be used, to be applied, to be employed"
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"use",
"use"
],
[
"applied",
"apply"
],
[
"employ",
"employ"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się, obsolete) to be used, to be applied, to be employed"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"obsolete",
"reflexive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/stɔˈsɔ.vat͡ɕ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/stɔˈsɔ.vat͡ɕ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔvat͡ɕ"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"pl:Ida Kurcz"
],
"word": "stosować"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.