"noc" meaning in Polish

See noc in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˈnɔt͡s/, /ˈnɔt͡s/ [Middle, Polish]
Rhymes: -ɔt͡s Etymology: Inherited from Old Polish noc. Etymology templates: {{dercat|pl|sla-pro|ine-bsl-pro|ine-pro|inh=3}}, {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|pl|zlw-opl|noc|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Old Polish noc, {{inh+|pl|zlw-opl|noc}} Inherited from Old Polish noc Head templates: {{pl-noun|f|adj=nocny|dim=nocka}} noc f (diminutive nocka, related adjective nocny) Inflection templates: {{pl-decl-noun-f}} Forms: nocka [diminutive], nocny [adjective], no-table-tags [table-tags], noc [nominative, singular], noce [nominative, plural], nocy [genitive, singular], nocy [genitive, plural], nocy [dative, singular], nocom [dative, plural], noc [accusative, singular], noce [accusative, plural], nocą [instrumental, singular], nocami [instrumental, plural], nocy [locative, singular], nocach [locative, plural], nocy [singular, vocative], noce [plural, vocative]
  1. (countable) night, nighttime (period of time from sundown to sunup) Tags: countable, feminine Categories (topical): Night, Times of day
    Sense id: en-noc-pl-noun-wt3yosKS Disambiguation of Night: 40 11 21 24 3 1 Disambiguation of Times of day: 62 10 23 1 1 4 Categories (other): Pages with 11 entries, Pages with entries, Polish entries with incorrect language header, Polish links with manual fragments, Polish links with redundant alt parameters, Polish links with redundant wikilinks Disambiguation of Pages with 11 entries: 1 1 10 10 21 0 21 1 5 21 1 6 0 0 2 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 1 1 10 10 22 0 22 1 5 22 0 6 0 0 1 Disambiguation of Polish entries with incorrect language header: 70 2 19 0 0 8 Disambiguation of Polish links with manual fragments: 53 4 15 1 1 27 Disambiguation of Polish links with redundant alt parameters: 64 3 18 1 1 13 Disambiguation of Polish links with redundant wikilinks: 65 3 18 1 1 12
  2. (countable) night (event happening at night; evening or night spent at a particular activity) Tags: countable, feminine
    Sense id: en-noc-pl-noun-T5CpiOsd
  3. (uncountable) dark time (period in history perceived as decidedly evil and full of tragic events) Tags: feminine, uncountable
    Sense id: en-noc-pl-noun-4edXAWS~
  4. (obsolete, uncountable) night (darkness) Tags: feminine, obsolete, uncountable Synonyms: ciemność
    Sense id: en-noc-pl-noun-Hk8d-JNi
  5. (obsolete, countable) dark (secrecy; hiddenness) Tags: countable, feminine, obsolete
    Sense id: en-noc-pl-noun-yD7Vo5W9
  6. (obsolete, uncountable) daze, bewilderment, stupefaction Tags: feminine, obsolete, uncountable Synonyms: oszołomienie
    Sense id: en-noc-pl-noun-j0XSi20O
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: jak noc długa, noc w noc, nocą, po nocach, po nocy, z nocy na noc, w nocy wszystkie koty są czarne, dobranoc, dobrej nocy, bajka z tysiąca i jednej nocy, biała noc, gorączka sobotniej nocy, królowa nocy, noc kryształowa, noc polarna, noc świętojańska, nocleg, Wielkanoc, zielona noc, zrównanie dnia z nocą, zrobić z nocy dzień [perfective], robić z nocy dzień [imperfective], nocować [imperfective]

Inflected forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "jak noc długa"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "noc w noc"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "nocą"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "po nocach"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "po nocy"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "z nocy na noc"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "w nocy wszystkie koty są czarne"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "dobranoc"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "dobrej nocy"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "bajka z tysiąca i jednej nocy"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "biała noc"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "gorączka sobotniej nocy"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "królowa nocy"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "noc kryształowa"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "noc polarna"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "noc świętojańska"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "nocleg"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "Wielkanoc"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "zielona noc"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "zrównanie dnia z nocą"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "zrobić z nocy dzień"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "robić z nocy dzień"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "nocować"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "4": "ine-pro",
        "inh": "3"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "noc",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old Polish noc",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "noc"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish noc",
      "name": "inh+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish noc.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "nocka",
      "tags": [
        "diminutive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nocny",
      "tags": [
        "adjective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "noc",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "noce",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nocy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nocy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nocy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nocom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "noc",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "noce",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nocą",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nocami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nocy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nocach",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nocy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "noce",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f",
        "adj": "nocny",
        "dim": "nocka"
      },
      "expansion": "noc f (diminutive nocka, related adjective nocny)",
      "name": "pl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "noc"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "1 1 10 10 21 0 21 1 5 21 1 6 0 0 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 11 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "1 1 10 10 22 0 22 1 5 22 0 6 0 0 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "70 2 19 0 0 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "53 4 15 1 1 27",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [
            "Links with manual fragments",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "64 3 18 1 1 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "65 3 18 1 1 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "40 11 21 24 3 1",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Night",
          "orig": "pl:Night",
          "parents": [
            "Darkness",
            "Time",
            "Light",
            "All topics",
            "Energy",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nature"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "62 10 23 1 1 4",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Times of day",
          "orig": "pl:Times of day",
          "parents": [
            "Periodic occurrences",
            "Timekeeping",
            "Time",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Coordinate term: dzień"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "night, nighttime (period of time from sundown to sunup)"
      ],
      "id": "en-noc-pl-noun-wt3yosKS",
      "links": [
        [
          "night",
          "night"
        ],
        [
          "nighttime",
          "nighttime"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(countable) night, nighttime (period of time from sundown to sunup)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "night (event happening at night; evening or night spent at a particular activity)"
      ],
      "id": "en-noc-pl-noun-T5CpiOsd",
      "links": [
        [
          "night",
          "night"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(countable) night (event happening at night; evening or night spent at a particular activity)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "dark time (period in history perceived as decidedly evil and full of tragic events)"
      ],
      "id": "en-noc-pl-noun-4edXAWS~",
      "links": [
        [
          "dark",
          "dark"
        ],
        [
          "time",
          "time"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(uncountable) dark time (period in history perceived as decidedly evil and full of tragic events)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "night (darkness)"
      ],
      "id": "en-noc-pl-noun-Hk8d-JNi",
      "links": [
        [
          "night",
          "night"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete, uncountable) night (darkness)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "ciemność"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "obsolete",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "dark (secrecy; hiddenness)"
      ],
      "id": "en-noc-pl-noun-yD7Vo5W9",
      "links": [
        [
          "dark",
          "dark"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete, countable) dark (secrecy; hiddenness)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "feminine",
        "obsolete"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "daze, bewilderment, stupefaction"
      ],
      "id": "en-noc-pl-noun-j0XSi20O",
      "links": [
        [
          "daze",
          "daze"
        ],
        [
          "bewilderment",
          "bewilderment"
        ],
        [
          "stupefaction",
          "stupefaction"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete, uncountable) daze, bewilderment, stupefaction"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "oszołomienie"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "obsolete",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈnɔt͡s/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈnɔt͡s/",
      "tags": [
        "Middle",
        "Polish"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔt͡s"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "pl:Ida Kurcz"
  ],
  "word": "noc"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 11 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Polish 1-syllable words",
    "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Polish feminine nouns",
    "Polish lemmas",
    "Polish links with manual fragments",
    "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Polish nouns",
    "Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
    "Polish terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
    "Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
    "Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
    "Polish terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
    "Polish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
    "Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
    "Rhymes:Polish/ɔt͡s",
    "Rhymes:Polish/ɔt͡s/1 syllable",
    "pl:Night",
    "pl:Times of day"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "jak noc długa"
    },
    {
      "word": "noc w noc"
    },
    {
      "word": "nocą"
    },
    {
      "word": "po nocach"
    },
    {
      "word": "po nocy"
    },
    {
      "word": "z nocy na noc"
    },
    {
      "word": "w nocy wszystkie koty są czarne"
    },
    {
      "word": "dobranoc"
    },
    {
      "word": "dobrej nocy"
    },
    {
      "word": "bajka z tysiąca i jednej nocy"
    },
    {
      "word": "biała noc"
    },
    {
      "word": "gorączka sobotniej nocy"
    },
    {
      "word": "królowa nocy"
    },
    {
      "word": "noc kryształowa"
    },
    {
      "word": "noc polarna"
    },
    {
      "word": "noc świętojańska"
    },
    {
      "word": "nocleg"
    },
    {
      "word": "Wielkanoc"
    },
    {
      "word": "zielona noc"
    },
    {
      "word": "zrównanie dnia z nocą"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "zrobić z nocy dzień"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "robić z nocy dzień"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "nocować"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "4": "ine-pro",
        "inh": "3"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "noc",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old Polish noc",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "noc"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish noc",
      "name": "inh+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish noc.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "nocka",
      "tags": [
        "diminutive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nocny",
      "tags": [
        "adjective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "noc",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "noce",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nocy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nocy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nocy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nocom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "noc",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "noce",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nocą",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nocami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nocy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nocach",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nocy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "noce",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f",
        "adj": "nocny",
        "dim": "nocka"
      },
      "expansion": "noc f (diminutive nocka, related adjective nocny)",
      "name": "pl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "noc"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish countable nouns"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Coordinate term: dzień"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "night, nighttime (period of time from sundown to sunup)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "night",
          "night"
        ],
        [
          "nighttime",
          "nighttime"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(countable) night, nighttime (period of time from sundown to sunup)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish countable nouns"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "night (event happening at night; evening or night spent at a particular activity)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "night",
          "night"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(countable) night (event happening at night; evening or night spent at a particular activity)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish uncountable nouns"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "dark time (period in history perceived as decidedly evil and full of tragic events)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "dark",
          "dark"
        ],
        [
          "time",
          "time"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(uncountable) dark time (period in history perceived as decidedly evil and full of tragic events)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish terms with obsolete senses",
        "Polish uncountable nouns"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "night (darkness)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "night",
          "night"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete, uncountable) night (darkness)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "ciemność"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "obsolete",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish countable nouns",
        "Polish terms with obsolete senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "dark (secrecy; hiddenness)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "dark",
          "dark"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete, countable) dark (secrecy; hiddenness)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "feminine",
        "obsolete"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish terms with obsolete senses",
        "Polish uncountable nouns"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "daze, bewilderment, stupefaction"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "daze",
          "daze"
        ],
        [
          "bewilderment",
          "bewilderment"
        ],
        [
          "stupefaction",
          "stupefaction"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete, uncountable) daze, bewilderment, stupefaction"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "oszołomienie"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "obsolete",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈnɔt͡s/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈnɔt͡s/",
      "tags": [
        "Middle",
        "Polish"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔt͡s"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "pl:Ida Kurcz"
  ],
  "word": "noc"
}

Download raw JSONL data for noc meaning in Polish (5.9kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-08 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (f90d964 and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.