"kostka" meaning in Polish

See kostka in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˈkɔst.ka/, /ˈkɔst.ka/ (note: Far Masovian)
Rhymes: -ɔstka Etymology: Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kostъka (“small bone”), since dice were made of bones (Proto-Slavic *kostь). By surface analysis, kość + -ka. Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|pl|sla-pro|*kostъka||small bone|g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Proto-Slavic *kostъka (“small bone”), {{inh+|pl|sla-pro|*kostъka||small bone}} Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kostъka (“small bone”), {{inh|pl|sla-pro|*kostь}} Proto-Slavic *kostь, {{surf|pl|kość|-ka}} By surface analysis, kość + -ka Head templates: {{pl-noun|f|dim=kosteczka}} kostka f (diminutive kosteczka) Inflection templates: {{pl-decl-noun-f}} Forms: kosteczka [diminutive], no-table-tags [table-tags], kostka [nominative, singular], kostki [nominative, plural], kostki [genitive, singular], kostek [genitive, plural], kostce [dative, singular], kostkom [dative, plural], kostkę [accusative, singular], kostki [accusative, plural], kostką [instrumental, singular], kostkami [instrumental, plural], kostce [locative, singular], kostkach [locative, plural], kostko [singular, vocative], kostki [plural, vocative]
  1. diminutive of kość Tags: diminutive, feminine, form-of Form of: kość
    Sense id: en-kostka-pl-noun-mDy8GNwX
  2. die (polyhedron used in games of chance) Tags: feminine Categories (topical): Games Synonyms: kość
    Sense id: en-kostka-pl-noun-DdzBbq0C Disambiguation of Games: 5 21 4 27 9 4 4 25 2
  3. cube (object more or less in the form of a cube) Tags: feminine
    Sense id: en-kostka-pl-noun-k2kH40Cb Categories (other): Polish terms with collocations
  4. (anatomy) knuckle Tags: feminine Categories (topical): Anatomy, Bones, Games, Skeleton
    Sense id: en-kostka-pl-noun-K~Yi6UJ3 Disambiguation of Bones: 4 9 4 27 23 14 2 17 2 Disambiguation of Games: 5 21 4 27 9 4 4 25 2 Disambiguation of Skeleton: 4 9 4 29 24 10 1 17 2 Topics: anatomy, medicine, sciences
  5. (anatomy) ankle Tags: feminine Categories (topical): Anatomy, Bones, Skeleton
    Sense id: en-kostka-pl-noun-mr~DguNW Disambiguation of Bones: 4 9 4 27 23 14 2 17 2 Disambiguation of Skeleton: 4 9 4 29 24 10 1 17 2 Topics: anatomy, medicine, sciences
  6. (colloquial, music) pick, plectrum (a small piece of plastic, metal, ivory, etc. for plucking strings) Tags: colloquial, feminine Categories (topical): Music, Bones Synonyms: plektron, piórko
    Sense id: en-kostka-pl-noun-tWFAIUMu Disambiguation of Bones: 4 9 4 27 23 14 2 17 2 Topics: entertainment, lifestyle, music
  7. cobble, cobblestone Tags: feminine Synonyms: kostka brukowa
    Sense id: en-kostka-pl-noun-Xlq4k28c
  8. (colloquial, computing, electronics) chip, microchip, computer chip, integrated circuit (small electronic device made up of multiple interconnected electronic components such as transistors, resistors, and capacitors) Tags: colloquial, feminine Categories (topical): Computing, Electronics, Bones, Building materials, Games, Rocks, Semiconductors, Skeleton Synonyms: chip, kość, scalak, układ scalony
    Sense id: en-kostka-pl-noun-js48ajaK Disambiguation of Bones: 4 9 4 27 23 14 2 17 2 Disambiguation of Building materials: 8 17 4 10 8 5 4 39 6 Disambiguation of Games: 5 21 4 27 9 4 4 25 2 Disambiguation of Rocks: 5 13 4 20 16 7 6 27 3 Disambiguation of Semiconductors: 6 15 4 4 4 4 3 57 5 Disambiguation of Skeleton: 4 9 4 29 24 10 1 17 2 Categories (other): Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries, Polish entries with incorrect language header, Polish links with manual fragments, Polish links with redundant alt parameters, Polish links with redundant wikilinks, Polish terms suffixed with -ka Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 17 4 7 17 4 5 5 1 3 34 2 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 20 3 9 20 3 3 3 1 2 35 1 Disambiguation of Polish entries with incorrect language header: 8 19 6 11 7 4 3 37 5 Disambiguation of Polish links with manual fragments: 5 11 10 19 16 5 4 27 3 Disambiguation of Polish links with redundant alt parameters: 7 16 10 12 10 4 3 34 4 Disambiguation of Polish links with redundant wikilinks: 7 16 9 12 9 4 3 35 4 Disambiguation of Polish terms suffixed with -ka: 7 13 8 15 11 4 5 30 6 Topics: business, computing, electrical-engineering, electricity, electromagnetism, electronics, energy, engineering, mathematics, natural-sciences, physical-sciences, physics, sciences
  9. (Far Masovian) Synonym of skrzyp Tags: feminine Synonyms: skrzyp [synonym, synonym-of]
    Sense id: en-kostka-pl-noun-loEakY1M Categories (other): Far Masovian Polish

Inflected forms

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*kostъka",
        "4": "",
        "5": "small bone",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *kostъka (“small bone”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*kostъka",
        "4": "",
        "5": "small bone"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kostъka (“small bone”)",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*kostь"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *kostь",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "kość",
        "3": "-ka"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, kość + -ka",
      "name": "surf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kostъka (“small bone”), since dice were made of bones (Proto-Slavic *kostь). By surface analysis, kość + -ka.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kosteczka",
      "tags": [
        "diminutive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kostka",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kostki",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kostki",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kostek",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kostce",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kostkom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kostkę",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kostki",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kostką",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kostkami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kostce",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kostkach",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kostko",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kostki",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f",
        "dim": "kosteczka"
      },
      "expansion": "kostka f (diminutive kosteczka)",
      "name": "pl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "kost‧ka"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "kość"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "diminutive of kość"
      ],
      "id": "en-kostka-pl-noun-mDy8GNwX",
      "links": [
        [
          "kość",
          "kość#Polish"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "diminutive",
        "feminine",
        "form-of"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "5 21 4 27 9 4 4 25 2",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Games",
          "orig": "pl:Games",
          "parents": [
            "Recreation",
            "Human activity",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "die (polyhedron used in games of chance)"
      ],
      "id": "en-kostka-pl-noun-DdzBbq0C",
      "links": [
        [
          "die",
          "die"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "kość"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish terms with collocations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with collocations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Rubik's Cube",
          "text": "Kostka Rubika",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "ice cube",
          "text": "kostka lodu",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cube (object more or less in the form of a cube)"
      ],
      "id": "en-kostka-pl-noun-k2kH40Cb",
      "links": [
        [
          "cube",
          "cube"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Anatomy",
          "orig": "pl:Anatomy",
          "parents": [
            "Biology",
            "Medicine",
            "Sciences",
            "Healthcare",
            "All topics",
            "Health",
            "Fundamental",
            "Body"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 9 4 27 23 14 2 17 2",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Bones",
          "orig": "pl:Bones",
          "parents": [
            "Skeleton",
            "Body parts",
            "Body",
            "Anatomy",
            "All topics",
            "Biology",
            "Medicine",
            "Fundamental",
            "Sciences",
            "Healthcare",
            "Health"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 21 4 27 9 4 4 25 2",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Games",
          "orig": "pl:Games",
          "parents": [
            "Recreation",
            "Human activity",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 9 4 29 24 10 1 17 2",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Skeleton",
          "orig": "pl:Skeleton",
          "parents": [
            "Body parts",
            "Body",
            "Anatomy",
            "All topics",
            "Biology",
            "Medicine",
            "Fundamental",
            "Sciences",
            "Healthcare",
            "Health"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "knuckle"
      ],
      "id": "en-kostka-pl-noun-K~Yi6UJ3",
      "links": [
        [
          "anatomy",
          "anatomy"
        ],
        [
          "knuckle",
          "knuckle"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(anatomy) knuckle"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "anatomy",
        "medicine",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Anatomy",
          "orig": "pl:Anatomy",
          "parents": [
            "Biology",
            "Medicine",
            "Sciences",
            "Healthcare",
            "All topics",
            "Health",
            "Fundamental",
            "Body"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 9 4 27 23 14 2 17 2",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Bones",
          "orig": "pl:Bones",
          "parents": [
            "Skeleton",
            "Body parts",
            "Body",
            "Anatomy",
            "All topics",
            "Biology",
            "Medicine",
            "Fundamental",
            "Sciences",
            "Healthcare",
            "Health"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 9 4 29 24 10 1 17 2",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Skeleton",
          "orig": "pl:Skeleton",
          "parents": [
            "Body parts",
            "Body",
            "Anatomy",
            "All topics",
            "Biology",
            "Medicine",
            "Fundamental",
            "Sciences",
            "Healthcare",
            "Health"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "ankle"
      ],
      "id": "en-kostka-pl-noun-mr~DguNW",
      "links": [
        [
          "anatomy",
          "anatomy"
        ],
        [
          "ankle",
          "ankle"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(anatomy) ankle"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "anatomy",
        "medicine",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Music",
          "orig": "pl:Music",
          "parents": [
            "Art",
            "Sound",
            "Culture",
            "Energy",
            "Society",
            "Nature",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 9 4 27 23 14 2 17 2",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Bones",
          "orig": "pl:Bones",
          "parents": [
            "Skeleton",
            "Body parts",
            "Body",
            "Anatomy",
            "All topics",
            "Biology",
            "Medicine",
            "Fundamental",
            "Sciences",
            "Healthcare",
            "Health"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "pick, plectrum (a small piece of plastic, metal, ivory, etc. for plucking strings)"
      ],
      "id": "en-kostka-pl-noun-tWFAIUMu",
      "links": [
        [
          "music",
          "music"
        ],
        [
          "pick",
          "pick"
        ],
        [
          "plectrum",
          "plectrum"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(colloquial, music) pick, plectrum (a small piece of plastic, metal, ivory, etc. for plucking strings)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "plektron"
        },
        {
          "word": "piórko"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "entertainment",
        "lifestyle",
        "music"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "cobble, cobblestone"
      ],
      "id": "en-kostka-pl-noun-Xlq4k28c",
      "links": [
        [
          "cobble",
          "cobble"
        ],
        [
          "cobblestone",
          "cobblestone"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "kostka brukowa"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Computing",
          "orig": "pl:Computing",
          "parents": [
            "Technology",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Electronics",
          "orig": "pl:Electronics",
          "parents": [
            "Technology",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 4 7 17 4 5 5 1 3 34 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 3 9 20 3 3 3 1 2 35 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 19 6 11 7 4 3 37 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 11 10 19 16 5 4 27 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [
            "Links with manual fragments",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 16 10 12 10 4 3 34 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 16 9 12 9 4 3 35 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 13 8 15 11 4 5 30 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish terms suffixed with -ka",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 9 4 27 23 14 2 17 2",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Bones",
          "orig": "pl:Bones",
          "parents": [
            "Skeleton",
            "Body parts",
            "Body",
            "Anatomy",
            "All topics",
            "Biology",
            "Medicine",
            "Fundamental",
            "Sciences",
            "Healthcare",
            "Health"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 17 4 10 8 5 4 39 6",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Building materials",
          "orig": "pl:Building materials",
          "parents": [
            "Construction",
            "Materials",
            "Architecture",
            "Engineering",
            "Manufacturing",
            "Applied sciences",
            "Art",
            "Technology",
            "Human activity",
            "Sciences",
            "Culture",
            "All topics",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Society",
            "Fundamental",
            "Human"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 21 4 27 9 4 4 25 2",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Games",
          "orig": "pl:Games",
          "parents": [
            "Recreation",
            "Human activity",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 13 4 20 16 7 6 27 3",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Rocks",
          "orig": "pl:Rocks",
          "parents": [
            "Geology",
            "Natural materials",
            "Earth sciences",
            "Materials",
            "Nature",
            "Sciences",
            "Manufacturing",
            "All topics",
            "Human activity",
            "Fundamental",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Human"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 15 4 4 4 4 3 57 5",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Semiconductors",
          "orig": "pl:Semiconductors",
          "parents": [
            "Electronics",
            "Technology",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 9 4 29 24 10 1 17 2",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Skeleton",
          "orig": "pl:Skeleton",
          "parents": [
            "Body parts",
            "Body",
            "Anatomy",
            "All topics",
            "Biology",
            "Medicine",
            "Fundamental",
            "Sciences",
            "Healthcare",
            "Health"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "chip, microchip, computer chip, integrated circuit (small electronic device made up of multiple interconnected electronic components such as transistors, resistors, and capacitors)"
      ],
      "id": "en-kostka-pl-noun-js48ajaK",
      "links": [
        [
          "computing",
          "computing#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "electronics",
          "electronics"
        ],
        [
          "chip",
          "chip#English"
        ],
        [
          "microchip",
          "microchip"
        ],
        [
          "computer chip",
          "computer chip"
        ],
        [
          "integrated circuit",
          "integrated circuit"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(colloquial, computing, electronics) chip, microchip, computer chip, integrated circuit (small electronic device made up of multiple interconnected electronic components such as transistors, resistors, and capacitors)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "chip"
        },
        {
          "word": "kość"
        },
        {
          "word": "scalak"
        },
        {
          "word": "układ scalony"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "business",
        "computing",
        "electrical-engineering",
        "electricity",
        "electromagnetism",
        "electronics",
        "energy",
        "engineering",
        "mathematics",
        "natural-sciences",
        "physical-sciences",
        "physics",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Far Masovian Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Synonym of skrzyp"
      ],
      "id": "en-kostka-pl-noun-loEakY1M",
      "links": [
        [
          "skrzyp",
          "skrzyp#Polish"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Far Masovian) Synonym of skrzyp"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "synonym",
            "synonym-of"
          ],
          "word": "skrzyp"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkɔst.ka/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkɔst.ka/",
      "note": "Far Masovian"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔstka"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "Kostka"
    }
  ],
  "word": "kostka"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Polish 2-syllable words",
    "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Polish feminine nouns",
    "Polish lemmas",
    "Polish links with manual fragments",
    "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Polish nouns",
    "Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
    "Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
    "Polish terms suffixed with -ka",
    "Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
    "Polish terms with homophones",
    "Rhymes:Polish/ɔstka",
    "Rhymes:Polish/ɔstka/2 syllables",
    "pl:Bones",
    "pl:Building materials",
    "pl:Games",
    "pl:Rocks",
    "pl:Semiconductors",
    "pl:Skeleton"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*kostъka",
        "4": "",
        "5": "small bone",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *kostъka (“small bone”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*kostъka",
        "4": "",
        "5": "small bone"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kostъka (“small bone”)",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*kostь"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *kostь",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "kość",
        "3": "-ka"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, kość + -ka",
      "name": "surf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kostъka (“small bone”), since dice were made of bones (Proto-Slavic *kostь). By surface analysis, kość + -ka.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kosteczka",
      "tags": [
        "diminutive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kostka",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kostki",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kostki",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kostek",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kostce",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kostkom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kostkę",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kostki",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kostką",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kostkami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kostce",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kostkach",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kostko",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kostki",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f",
        "dim": "kosteczka"
      },
      "expansion": "kostka f (diminutive kosteczka)",
      "name": "pl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "kost‧ka"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish diminutive nouns"
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "kość"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "diminutive of kość"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "kość",
          "kość#Polish"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "diminutive",
        "feminine",
        "form-of"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "die (polyhedron used in games of chance)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "die",
          "die"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "kość"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish terms with collocations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Rubik's Cube",
          "text": "Kostka Rubika",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "ice cube",
          "text": "kostka lodu",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cube (object more or less in the form of a cube)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cube",
          "cube"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "pl:Anatomy"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "knuckle"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "anatomy",
          "anatomy"
        ],
        [
          "knuckle",
          "knuckle"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(anatomy) knuckle"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "anatomy",
        "medicine",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "pl:Anatomy"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "ankle"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "anatomy",
          "anatomy"
        ],
        [
          "ankle",
          "ankle"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(anatomy) ankle"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "anatomy",
        "medicine",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish colloquialisms",
        "pl:Music"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "pick, plectrum (a small piece of plastic, metal, ivory, etc. for plucking strings)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "music",
          "music"
        ],
        [
          "pick",
          "pick"
        ],
        [
          "plectrum",
          "plectrum"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(colloquial, music) pick, plectrum (a small piece of plastic, metal, ivory, etc. for plucking strings)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "plektron"
        },
        {
          "word": "piórko"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "entertainment",
        "lifestyle",
        "music"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "cobble, cobblestone"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cobble",
          "cobble"
        ],
        [
          "cobblestone",
          "cobblestone"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "kostka brukowa"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish colloquialisms",
        "pl:Computing",
        "pl:Electronics"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "chip, microchip, computer chip, integrated circuit (small electronic device made up of multiple interconnected electronic components such as transistors, resistors, and capacitors)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "computing",
          "computing#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "electronics",
          "electronics"
        ],
        [
          "chip",
          "chip#English"
        ],
        [
          "microchip",
          "microchip"
        ],
        [
          "computer chip",
          "computer chip"
        ],
        [
          "integrated circuit",
          "integrated circuit"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(colloquial, computing, electronics) chip, microchip, computer chip, integrated circuit (small electronic device made up of multiple interconnected electronic components such as transistors, resistors, and capacitors)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "chip"
        },
        {
          "word": "kość"
        },
        {
          "word": "scalak"
        },
        {
          "word": "układ scalony"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "business",
        "computing",
        "electrical-engineering",
        "electricity",
        "electromagnetism",
        "electronics",
        "energy",
        "engineering",
        "mathematics",
        "natural-sciences",
        "physical-sciences",
        "physics",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Far Masovian Polish"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Synonym of skrzyp"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "skrzyp",
          "skrzyp#Polish"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Far Masovian) Synonym of skrzyp"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "synonym",
            "synonym-of"
          ],
          "word": "skrzyp"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkɔst.ka/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkɔst.ka/",
      "note": "Far Masovian"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔstka"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "Kostka"
    }
  ],
  "word": "kostka"
}

Download raw JSONL data for kostka meaning in Polish (6.4kB)

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Far Masovian",
  "path": [
    "kostka"
  ],
  "section": "Polish",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "kostka",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Far Masovian",
  "path": [
    "kostka"
  ],
  "section": "Polish",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "kostka",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.